硫/水热碳球复合材料的制备及对锂硫电池倍率性能的影响

在锂硫电池正极材料的研究中,碳材料可以有效改善电池倍率及循环性能.为了提高锂硫电池的高倍率放电性能,通过水热合成的方法,制备了由非均匀粒径碳球组成的碳材料.与硫热合成后,硫均匀分布在碳材料表面及周围,复合材料含硫量为52wt%.0.2C放电电流下,首次放电比容量为1174mAh·g^-1,100次循环后放电比容量为788mAh·g^-1.在4C的放电电流下,放电比容量稳定维持在600mAh·g^-1,循环过程中,库伦效率高于90%.该碳材料有良好的导电网络,且制备方便,成本低廉,对于穿梭效应和放电过程中的膨胀效应有一定的抑制作用,是一种优秀的正极材料.     

Prediction of the Conductance of Strong Electrolytes and the Calculation of the Ionization Constant of Weak Electrolytes in a Dilute Solution by a New Equation

In order to predict the conductance for dilute 1-1 valent electrolyte solutions,a new conductance equation was proposed based on the Onsager and Onsagar-Fuoss-Chen conductance equation.It has only one parameter A,which can be obtained directly from the data of ionic limiting molar conductivity Λ∞m,and its expression is very simple.The new equation has been verified by the experimental molar conductivities of some single strong electrolyte and mixed electrolyte solutions at 298.15 K reported in literatures.The results are in good agreement with the experimental data.Meanwhile the ionization constants of some weak electrolyte solutions were calculated by a modified equation of this new equation,and it was also found that the calculation results are in good agreement with the data in the literature.     

ADENYLATE CYCLASE-MODULATING MEDIATORS OF INSULIN

Plasma membranes prepared from pig liver incubated with insulin (50—300 μU/ml) resulted in the release of at least two insulin chemical mediators. They appeared to modulate the activity of adenylate cyclase in liver plasma membrances of pig. One of them was fraction 1 of insulin mediator (M. W. about 3700—4000 dalton) which markedly stimulated the activity of the enzyme, the other was fraction 2 of insulin mediator (M. W. about 1000 dalton) which inhibited the enzyme activity. The results showed that the inhibitor of fraction 2 generated was significantly higher than that of fraction 1 when the membranes were incubated with insulin of low concentration (50—100 μU/ml). On the other hand, the generation of stimulator of fraction 1 from plasma membranes incubated with insulin of high concentration (200 μU/ml) was higher than that of fraction 2. So the ratio of yield between two mediators produced from the membranes was dependent on the concentration of insulin added. The results also showed that the     

Effects of liquid crystal states on photovoltaic effects of chlorophyll-a

The photovoltaic effects of chlorophyll-a(chla) and the effects of stearic acid, egg phosphatide and cholesterol on those were investigated by means of measuring the photoinduced potentials of SnO2/chla electrodes. Because of the formation of liquid crystal states, appropriate concentrations of stearic acid and egg phosphatide added in a certain system could increase the photovoltaic effects of chla. Cholesterol always decreased the photovoltaic effects of chla because there was no liquid crystal state formed with it.     

Studies on Colloidal Properties of Mixed Metal Hydroxide－Clay Aqueous Suspension

ＳｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎＣｏｌｌｏｉｄａｌＰｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆＭｉｘｅｄＭｅｔａｌＨｙｄｒｏｘｉｄｅ－ＣｌａｙＡｑｕｅｏｕｓＳｕｓｐｅｎｓｉｏｎＮＯＵｗａｎ－ｇｕｏ；ＺＨＡＮＧＣｈｕｎ－ｇｕａｎｇ；ＳＵＮＤｅ－ｊｕｎ；ＨＡＮＳｈｕ－ｈｕａａｎｄＷＡＮＧ...     

H_2BPMPBD和DAM协同萃取部分Ln(Ⅲ)

4 酰代双吡唑啉酮是以吡唑酮为端基、脂肪族碳氢取代基联结而成的一类新型非环四齿酸性螯合剂[1 ,2 ] ,螯合功能团比普通的 4 酰代吡唑酮多一倍 ,对金属离子具有很强的萃取能力 ,其中对Ｆｅ(Ⅲ )、Ｃｏ(Ⅱ )、Ｎｉ(Ⅱ )、稀土离子的萃取分离以及稀土荧光配合物方面的研究已有报道[3～ 5] 。为了进一步探讨该类萃取剂的萃取性能 ,在合成萃取剂 1 ,4 双 ( 1′ 苯基 3′ 甲基 5′ 氧代吡唑 4′ 基 )丁二酮 [1 ,4]的基础上 ,研究了Ｈ2 Ａ与ＤＡＭ的氯仿溶液从硝酸介质中协同萃取Ｌｎ(Ⅲ )的性能。通过考察萃取剂浓度和溶液酸度等因素对Ｌｎ(Ⅲ …     

5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯双波长叠加分光光度法同时测定铑和钯

以5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二氨基甲苯(5-I-PADAT)作显色剂,建立了双波长叠加分光光度法同时测定铑、钯的新方法。研究发现,在0.6～1.8 mol/LHCIO4介质中,Pd(II)与5-I-PADAT形成稳定络合物,而在此酸度下,Rh(III)则完全不能反应;在pH4.0～5.2 HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,Rh(III)与5-I-PADAT可形成稳定紫红色络合物,铑络合物形成后提高酸度至0.24～5.57 mol/L HCIO4介质,该络合物不仅不被分解,而且转化为另一种紫蓝色质子化型体,吸收红移、吸光度显著增大。研究还发现,Rh(III)、Pd(II)与5-I-PADAT形成的络合物,均呈现两个吸收峰,强峰分别位于580 nm和584 nm处,弱峰分别位于538 nm和547 nm处。其各自的强弱峰对应的吸光度之和与溶液中铑、钯的含量具有良好的线性关系。据此,建立了双波长叠加分光光度法同时测得铑、钯新方法。铑和钯的表观摩尔吸光系数分别为εRh=2.76×105L.mol-1.cm-1和εPd=1.14×105L.mol-1.cm-1,灵敏度分别为单波长法测定的1.52倍和1.53倍。铑、钯的质量浓度分别在0～0.5μg/mL和0～1.0μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于催化剂中铑和钯的同时测定,结果满意。     

基于球面的600mm望远镜光学系统设计

为设计一套基于球面的600mm口径望远镜系统,分析了四种可能的实现形式,即Maksutov,Houghton,Klevtsov和使用Cook补偿镜的Cassegrain形式,并分别得到了满足指标要求的设计结果。通过分析每种形式的优缺点,结果表明,使用Cook补偿镜的Cassegrain形式最为适合,并对其进行了详细的分析和设计。     

In vivo Toxicity Evaluation of a Nano-drug Delivery System Using a Caenorhabditis elegansModel System

Drug carrier materials need to possess good biological safety. Presently, most biosafety evaluation studies use rodent animal models, including rats and rabbits. However, the cost of raising these animals is relatively high and the experimental period is long. Caenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans) presents an ideal toxicological evaluation model due to its simple structure, easy cultivation, short life cycle, and evolutionary conservation. In this paper, we used C. elegans to test the biological safety of our pH-responsive carrier system(FFPFF self-assembling into a nanosphere structure, FFPFF Nps), which was designed for anti-tumor drug delivery. Our results showed that exposure to high doses of FFPFF Nps did not have a significant impact on the survival rate, growth, development, movement, and reproduction of C. elegans. The preliminary evaluation of the overall biological model of C. elegans shows that FFPFF Nps has good biological safety and warrants further study.     

Polymeric Carbon Nitride-based Single Atom Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction to C1 Products

Photocatalytic CO₂ reduction to C₁ fuels is considered to be an important way for alleviating increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution. Due to the environment-friendly, simple preparation, easy formation of highly-stable metal-nitrogen(M-N_x) coordination bonds, and suitable band structure, polymeric carbon nitride-based single-atom catalysts(C₃N₄-based SACs) are expected to become a potential for CO₂ reduction under visible-light irradiation. In this review, we summarize the recent advancement on C₃N₄-based SACs for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction to C₁ products, including the reaction mechanism for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction to C₁ products, the structure and synthesis methods of C₃N₄-based SACs and their applications toward photocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction(CO₂RR) for C₁ production. The current challenges and future opportunities of C₃N₄-based SACs for photoreduction of CO₂ are also discussed.