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971.
A 480 L evacuable reaction chamber, equipped with FT-IR spectroscopy on-line and ion chromatography off-line, has been used to study the gas phase reaction between the nitrate radical, NO3, and the reduced organic sulphur compounds CH3CH2SH, (CH3CH2)2S, (CH3CH2)2S2, and CH3CH2SCH3 in air. The products CH3CH2SO3H, SO2, H2SO4, CH3CHO, and CH3CH2ONO2 were identified and quantified in the reactions of the first three compounds, CH3CH2SH, (CH3CH2)2S, and (CH3CH2)2S2. The reaction products were CH3CH2SO3H, CH3SO3H, SO2, H2SO4, CH3CHO, and CH2O in the reaction of CH3CH2SCH3. On the basis of identified reaction products and intermediates observed in the infrared spectra, mechanisms are proposed for the reactions between the NO3 radical and the four reduced organic sulphur compounds. The results of this study, together with those from previous experiments performed in this laboratory on CH3SCH3, CH3SH, and CH3SSCH3 lead to the conclusion that all these species, in the reaction with the NO3 radical, follow a similar degradation mechanism producing SO2, H2SO4, R? SO3H, R? CHO, and R? CH2ONO2, as the main reaction products. The inital step of the reaction of NO3 with R? S? R and R? S? H type (R = CH3, CH2CH3) reduced organic sulphur compounds was found to be H-atom abstraction, probably after the formation of an initial adduct. For the reaction between NO3 and R? S? S? R type compounds, evidence for an addition-decomposition reaction, as the initial steps, was obtained. R? S·, R? S(O)·, and R? S(O)2· appear to be formed as intermediates in all the reactions. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
972.
973.
M. J. Soupioni B. D. Symeopoulos H. V. Papaefthymiou 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2006,268(3):441-444
Summary Four different bottled water brands sold in Greece in the winter of 2001-2002 were analyzed for a wide range of chemical elements,
using neutron activation analysis (NAA). The elements Na and Br were determined instrumentally (INAA), whereas the other metals
and trace elements radiochemically (RNAA). The results indicated that the mean level of all the elements determined in the
samples were well within the European Union (EU) directive on drinking water and accomplish the drinking water standards of
the World Health Organisation (WHO) as well as of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 相似文献
974.
Summary The possible correlation between the self-attenuation correction in gamma-spectrometric assay of uranyl nitrate samples and
spectral line intensity ratios was investigated experimentally and simulated numerically using MCNP code. The characteristic
gamma- and X-lines of uranium were measured using a low energy Ge gamma-spectrometer. The simulation results agreed with the
experimental data and showed obvious correlation between the self-attenuation correction and the intensity ratios [(185.7
keV)/(143.8 keV), (98.44 keV)/(185.7 keV) and (185.7 keV)/(63.23 keV)]. This correlation greatly simplifies the determination
of the self-attenuation correction and reduces the troublesome traditional procedures used to determine this coefficient. 相似文献
975.
T. Nakayama T. Tanaka Y. Tsumoto H. Katayama M. Katto 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2004,79(4-6):833-836
A new method for high-quality hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating is developed, the laser-assisted laser ablation method. In this method, two lasers are used. One is used for ablation of a HAp target. The other, the assist laser, is used to irradiate a Ti substrate surface. The effects of the assist laser irradiation are to anneal the HAp coating and to improve its adhesive strength to the Ti substrate. The quality of the HAp coating depends on the delay time of the assist-laser irradiation. HAp coatings obtained at a delay time of 10 microseconds or more are more amorphous. It was confirmed that the amorphous part of a coating dissolves in simulated body fluid, while the crystalline part does not. The value of the Ca/P ratio in a coating obtained at a delay time of a few microseconds is close to the stoichiometric value. PACS 81.16.Mk 相似文献
976.
977.
978.
Stephan H. Irsen Peter Kroll Richard Dronskowski Thomas E. Weirich Matthias Epple 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2003,629(10):1751-1759
Tetrasulfur tetranitride, S4N4, reacts with elemental Cu within inert solvents to a black‐blue material of approximate composition Cu7S4N4 which is totally amorphous to X‐rays and which cannot be made crystalline by either thermal treatment or electron radiation. Cu7S4N4 explodes if heated above 234 °C or when subjected to mechanical shock to eventually yield copper(I) sulfide; this together with the characteristic infrared spectrum of Cu7S4N4 indicates the presence of molecular S4N4 units inside the amorphous phase. The metastable nature of Cu7S4N4 is also mirrored by electron microscopy which furthermore allows the structural characterization of its degradation products. Based on experimental EXAFS data offering characteristic Cu—N and Cu—S distances, a theoretical crystalline approximant of Cu7S4N4 was suggested and structurally optimized by density‐functional total‐energy calculations including periodic boundary conditions. This model incorporates a central S4N4 unit bonded to three shells of Cu atoms of different functionalities; in addition, a partial rupture of the S4N4 unit is likely to allow for a lowering of the total energy of the metastable phase. The latter observation supports the impossibility to make Cu7S4N4 crystallize using 4N4 crystallize using whatever kind of measures. 相似文献
979.
Ashfaque H. Bokhari Abdul R. Kashif Asghar Qadir 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2003,35(6):1059-1076
Curvature collineations are symmetry directions for the Riemann tensor, as isometries are for the metric tensor and Ricci collineations are for the Ricci tensor. Complete listings of many metrics possessing some minimal symmetry have been given for a number of symmetry groups for the latter two symmetries. It is shown that a claimed complete listing of cylindrically symmetric static metrics by their curvature collineations [1] was actually incomplete and is completed here. It turns out that in this complete list, unlike the previous claim, there are curvature collineations that are distinct from the set of isometries and of Ricci collineations. The physical interpretation of some of the metrics obtained is given. 相似文献
980.
We introduce a dynamic force spectroscopy technique enabling the quantitative measurement of conservative and dissipative tip-sample forces in ambient conditions. In difference to the commonly detected force-vs-distance curves dynamic force microscopy allows to measure the full range of tip-sample forces without hysteresis effects caused by a jump-to-contact. The approach is based on the specific behavior of a self-driven cantilever (frequency-modulation technique). Experimental applications on different samples (Fischer-sample, silicon wafer) are presented. 相似文献