首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   27861篇
  免费   4572篇
  国内免费   2877篇
化学   18433篇
晶体学   267篇
力学   1924篇
综合类   224篇
数学   3420篇
物理学   11042篇
  2024年   107篇
  2023年   593篇
  2022年   1074篇
  2021年   1103篇
  2020年   1104篇
  2019年   1043篇
  2018年   974篇
  2017年   921篇
  2016年   1348篇
  2015年   1303篇
  2014年   1543篇
  2013年   2065篇
  2012年   2431篇
  2011年   2449篇
  2010年   1642篇
  2009年   1596篇
  2008年   1743篇
  2007年   1499篇
  2006年   1373篇
  2005年   1164篇
  2004年   865篇
  2003年   693篇
  2002年   620篇
  2001年   518篇
  2000年   518篇
  1999年   630篇
  1998年   529篇
  1997年   526篇
  1996年   491篇
  1995年   469篇
  1994年   385篇
  1993年   348篇
  1992年   286篇
  1991年   256篇
  1990年   241篇
  1989年   186篇
  1988年   145篇
  1987年   127篇
  1986年   94篇
  1985年   94篇
  1984年   63篇
  1983年   50篇
  1982年   53篇
  1981年   22篇
  1980年   12篇
  1979年   4篇
  1976年   1篇
  1959年   1篇
  1957年   7篇
  1936年   1篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
73.
The electrical activity of interfacial misfit dislocations in silicon has been examined using the electron beam induced current technique (EBIC) in a scanning electron microscope. Clean misfit dislocations, i.e. no EBIC contrast, formed during high-temperature Si(Ge) chemical vapor epitaxy were studied. These defects were subsequently decorated with known metallic impurities (Au and Ni) by diffusion at 400° C to 1130° C from a back-side evaporated layer. Qualitative analysis of the electrical activity in relation to the energy levels anticipated for the clean or decorated dislocations is presented. Of particular interest is the case of defect-induced conductivity type inversion which occurred both at the top surface and at the buried dislocated interfaces of the multilayer. The prospects for using dislocations in a beneficial manner as active elements in electronic devices are discussed.  相似文献   
74.
75.
The one-dimensional semilinear heat equation is considered. It is shown that if the nonlinear functionF(y) is uniformly bounded then the system is approximately controllable for every given terminal timeT>0 under some ordinary condition onb. The results may be extended to the general one-dimensional semilinear heat equation with one-dimensional control or to a boundary control heat system with semilinear boundary condition.  相似文献   
76.
A dual-electrode configuration for the highly selective detection of glucose in the diffusion layer of the substrate electrode is presented. In this approach, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE, substrate) modified with a conductive layer of glucose oxidase/Nafion/graphite (GNG) was used to create an interference-free region in its diffusion layer by electrochemical depletion of interfering electroactive species. A Pt microelectrode (tip, 5 microm in radius) was located in the diffusion layer of the GNG-modified GCE (GNG-G) with the help of scanning electrochemical microscopy. Consequently, the tip of the electrode could sense glucose selectively by detecting the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formed from the oxidization of glucose on the glucose oxidase layer. The influences of parameters, including tip-substrate distance, substrate potential, and electrolyzing time, on the interference-removing efficiency of this dual-electrode approach have been investigated systematically. When the electrolyzing time was 30 s, the tip-substrate distance was 1.8 a (9.0 microm) (where a is the radius of the tip electrode), the potentials of the tip and substrate electrodes were 0.7 V and 0.4 V, respectively, and a mixture of ascorbic acid (0.3 mM), uric acid (0.3 mM), and 4-acetaminophen (0.3 mM) had no influence on the glucose detection. In addition, the current-time responses of the tip electrode at different tip-substrate distances in a solution containing interfering species were numerically simulated. The results from the simulation are in good agreement with the experimental data. This research provides a concept of detection in the diffusion layer of a substrate electrode, as an interference-free region, for developing novel microelectrochemical devices.  相似文献   
77.
Membrane fusion is very important for the formation of many complex organs in metazoans throughout evolution, such as muscles, bones, and placentae. Lipid vesicles (liposomes) are frequently used as model membranes to study the fusion process. This work demonstrates for the first time the real-time membrane fusion of giant polymer vesicles by directly displaying a series of high-resolution and real-time transformation images of individual vesicles. The fusion process includes the sequential steps of membrane contact, forming the center wall, symmetric expansion of fusion pore and complete fusion, undergoing the intermediates of "8" shape with a protruding rim at the contact site, peanut (pear) shape, and oblate sphere. The vesicle swells during fusion, and the fusing vesicle only deforms in the neck domain around the fusion pore in the lateral direction, which verifies the importance of the lateral tension on the fusion pore at the vesicle deformation level. The successful fusion of the synthetic and protein-free polymer vesicles reported here also supports that vesicle proximity combined with membrane perturbation suffices to induce membrane fusion, and that the protein is not necessary for the fusion process.  相似文献   
78.
A mild and efficient strategy for the synthesis of tricyclic 1,2,4-oxadiazolines-fused tetrahydro-isoquinolines derivatives via [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction is reported. The reactions provided the functionalized tricyclic 1,2,4-oxadiazolines in high yields (up to 96%). This protocol is simple and easy to handle. Moreover, a gram-scale experiment further highlights the synthetic utility. The chemical structure of the product was determined by X-ray single-crystal structure analysis. A possible mechanism for this transformation is proposed to explain the reaction process.  相似文献   
79.
In order to improve the transmission efficiency and security of image encryption, we combined a ZUC stream cipher and chaotic compressed sensing to perform image encryption. The parallel compressed sensing method is adopted to ensure the encryption and decryption efficiency. The ZUC stream cipher is used to sample the one-dimensional chaotic map to reduce the correlation between elements and improve the randomness of the chaotic sequence. The compressed sensing measurement matrix is constructed by using the sampled chaotic sequence to improve the image restoration effect. In order to reduce the block effect after the parallel compressed sensing operation, we also propose a method of a random block of images. Simulation analysis shows that the algorithm demonstrated better encryption and compression performance.  相似文献   
80.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号