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Recently, Wang et al. presented a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol with single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom (Int. J. Theor. Phys. 54(10): 3443-3453, 2015). They claimed that their protocol was efficient and removed the drawback of information leakage. However, we found that the information leakage actually exists in their protocol. In this paper, we analyze Wang et al.’s protocol in detail. In addition, we propose an improvement to avoid the information leakage. The security of the improved protocol has also been discussed. 相似文献
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Mehlich 3浸提剂被应用于浸提测定土壤多种有效养分,但对方法的影响因素研究报道较少。选择重庆紫色土和河北的潮土两种土壤样品,采用正交试验设计L9( 34 )正交试验,设置液土比(A)、振荡时间(B)、振荡温度(C)、浸提液pH(D)四个因素,对Mehlich 3法的浸提条件进行研究,浸提液使用电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪测定元素含量。结果表明:对于土壤中的养分浸提影响因素依次为浸提液pH>浸提液体积>振荡时间>振荡温度,结合经济效益以及显著性,综合各因素最优组合为A1B1C1D1,即加入pH为2.5的浸提液25 mL,在25 ℃下振荡5 mim。该方法除B元素外,其他元素测定值的相对标准偏差RSD%小于5%,精密度良好。 相似文献
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The influence of ring size ( 5 or 6 ), chain length ( 1 , 2 or 3 ) and bulkiness of N‐aryl substituents in amine‐bridged bis(phenol) ligands ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) on palladium‐catalyzed aqueous C‐C coupling reactions were revealed. The homocoupling of arylboronic acid can be completed in neat water with the aid of a catalytic amount of p‐toluenesulfonyl chloride (TsCl) in a very short time under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. Interestingly, the same catalytic system was efficient for Suzuki–Miyaura reaction in aqueous acetone under aerobic conditions in the absence of TsCl. The crystal structures of ligand 1 and three unsymmetrical fluorine‐substituted biaryl derivatives were also reported. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
46.
Guohai Liang Peng ZhangHuixiang Li Zhengyong ZhangHui Chen Song ZhangJilie Kong 《Analytica chimica acta》2012
It is highly attractive to develop a detection system that is not only sensitive and selective but also simple, rapid, practical and cost-effective in operation. Here, we report an interesting observation that single-stranded oligonucleotide (ssDNA) can adsorb efficiently on carboxylic acid-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (CAMNPs) and stabilize the nanoparticles against aggregation in weakly acidic solution. The adsorbing rate closely correlates with the pH of the solution, the temperature and the sequence length of ssDNA. On the basis of this observation, we have designed a highly sensitive, non-sandwich type magnetic relaxation-based detection system for quantitatively probing mercury ion. The assay is independent of the sample's optical properties, requires no covalent modification of the ssDNA or the CAMNPs surfaces, and can be used for high-throughput analysis. By varying the concentration of CAMNPs, four orders of dynamic response range and a detection limit of 0.3 nM for Hg2+ are achieved. Moreover, we developed a multi-sample assay to detect Hg2+ in real environmental samples with high sensitivity, selectivity and efficiency. 相似文献
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Ultra‐small Pd nanoparticles (UNPs) represent a distinctive type of nanomaterial making them very attractive for a range of applications. Herein, chiral sugar‐substituted N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) with various lengths of alkyl chain (sugar‐NHCs‐nCnH2n+1) were first used to prepare water‐soluble Pd@NHCs‐sugar UNPs via an efficient ligand‐exchange strategy, which can be handled under air and are stable over 10 months. The Pd@NHCs‐sugar UNPs were highly monodisperse, with tunable core diameters from 1.7 to 2.1 nm, and an effect of the particle size on the N‐substituted aliphatic chains was observed. To investigate the accessibility of the surface, the Pd@NHCs‐sugar UNPs were studied as catalysts for C–C coupling reaction in eco‐friendly ethanol aqueous solution without any precipitation of metallic Pd. The presence of the longest aliphatic group in the Pd@NHCs‐sugar UNPs imparts to them the highest catalyst activity (turnover number and turnover frequency up to 196 000 and 3 920 000 h?1). 相似文献
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With current concerns of the global threat from tuberculosis, it has become important to rapidly identify the bacteria. Traditional technologies involving isolation and amplification of the pathogenic bacteria are complicated and time-consuming. In this work, we describe a sensitive NMR-based detection method to identify bacteria via bacteria-induced self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) was used as a surrogate for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We prepared the probes by covalent immobilization of the anti-BCG monoclonal antibody onto carboxylic acid-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Once a solution containing BCG was introduced, the probes switched from a well dispersed state to an aggregated one, leading to a distinct and dose-dependent change in the spin-spin relaxation time (T2) of the solution. Thus the qualitative and quantitative detection method for BCG was established. The method provides specific detection of as few as 8 bacterial cells per millilitre in experimental samples within 1 hour, which will be promising for rapid detection of M. tuberculosis in clinical samples. 相似文献
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C. Suárez-Pantaleón A.C. Huet O. Kavanagh H. Lei G. Dervilly-Pinel B. Le Bizec C. Situ Ph. Delahaut 《Analytica chimica acta》2013
The administration of recombinant methionyl bovine somatotropin (rMbST) to dairy cows to increase milk yield remains a common practice in many countries including the USA, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa and Korea, whereas it has been forbidden within the European Union (EU) since 1999. A rapid screening immunoanalytical method capable of the unequivocal determination of rMbST in milk would be highly desirable in order to effectively monitor compliance with the EU-wide ban for home-made or imported dairy products. For decades, the production of specific antibodies for this recombinant isoform of bovine somatotropin (bST) has remained elusive, due to the high degree of sequence homology between both counterparts (e.g. methionine for rMbST in substitution of alanine in bST at the N-terminus). In this study, we compared several immunizing strategies for the production of specific polyclonal antibodies (pAbs), based on the use of the full-length recombinant protein, an rMbST N-terminus peptide fragment and a multiple antigen peptide (MAP) which consists of an oligomeric branching lysine core attached to the first two N-terminus amino acids of rMbST, methionine and phenylalanine (MF-MAP). The immunization with KLH-conjugated MF-MAP led to the production of the pAb with the highest rMbST/bST recognition ratio amongst the generated battery of antibodies. The pAb exhibited a specific binding ability to rMbST in a competitive antigen-coated ELISA format, which avidity was further improved after purification by rMbST N-terminus peptide-based affinity chromatography. These results suggest that immunodiscrimination between structurally related proteins can be achieved using immuno-enhanced immunogens such as MAPs. 相似文献
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