用激光感生荧光法测量亚稳态原子寿命

本文用激光感生荧光法(LIF)分析了Gd原子亚稳态能级215cm~(-1),533cm~(-1),999cm~(-1)在原子束中的速度分布。由原子束轴线上两不同点上的亚稳态原子速度分布的变化得到了亚稳态原子的寿命。理论分析和实验结果表明这是一种简单、灵敏并且有效的亚稳态原子寿命测量方法。     

Synthesis of grafted poly(p‐phenyleneethynylene) with energy donor–acceptor architecture via atom transfer radical polymerization: Towards nonaggregating and hole‐facilitating light‐emitting material

In this contribution, we demonstrate a new effective methodology for constructing highly efficient and durable poly(p‐phenyleneethynylene) (PPE) containing emissive material with nonaggregating and hole‐facilitating properties through the introduction of hole‐transporting blocks into the PPE system as the grafting coils as well as building the energy donor–acceptor architecture between the grafting coils and the PPE backbone. Poly(2‐(carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl methacrylate) (PCzEMA), herein, is chosen as the hole‐transporting blocks, and incorporated into the PPE system as the grafting coils via atom transfer radical polymerization. The chemical structure of the resultant copolymer, PPE‐g‐PCzEMA, was characterized by NMR and gel permeation chromatography, showing that the desirable copolymer was obtained with the narrow polydispersity. The increased thermal stability of PPE‐g‐PCzEMA was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry along with its macroinitiator. The optoelectronic properties of this copolymer were studied in detail by ultraviolet‐visible absorption, photoluminescence emission and excitation spectra, and cyclic voltammogram (CV). The results indicate that PPE‐g‐PCzEMA exhibits the solid‐state luminescent property dominated by individual lumophores, and also the energy transfer process from the PCzEMA blocks to the PPE backbone with a relatively higher energy transfer efficiency in the solid‐state compared to that of the solution state. Additionally, the hole‐injection property is greatly facilitated due to the presence of PCzEMA, as confirmed by CV profiles. All these data indicate that PPE‐g‐PCzEMA is a good candidate for use in optoelectronic devices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 3776–3787, 2007     

随机Taylor级数

该文对一般的随机变量序列及相当弱的系数条件研究了随机级数定义的整函数的奈望里纳特征函数，并证明了它是几乎必然无有限例外值的．     

常压催化加氢合成邻氨基苯酚的研究

用硅溶胶改性的漆原镍催化剂，在常压液相催化条件下，氢化邻硝基苯酚制备邻氨基苯酚的反应过程，可分为诱导期、恒速吸氢阶段、吸氢衰减期３个反应阶段．恒速吸氢阶段的吸氢速率为５×１０２ｍｏｌ／（ｋｇ·ｍｉｎ）且与体系的温度无关，诱导期随温度的增加而变短，吸氢衰减期的长短随溶剂量的变化而变化．实验结果表明，邻氨基苯酚的收率在９５％左右．     

CoNiZ系列合金的结构和马氏体相变性质

利用X射线衍射研究了CoNiZ(Z=Si,Sb,Sn,Ga等)合金在不同热处理条件下的相组成.当Z元素为Sn,Sb时,材料是完全的B2结构;但Z为Si时,材料变成面心立方的γ相.形成B2还是γ相由电子浓度和原子尺寸效应两种因素共同决定.而CoNiGa的研究结果表明,在合金中除了形成B2结构的同时还容易形成γ相,常表现出两相共存的特性.对材料进行不同方式的热处理可以使合金中两相的含量有所消长,γ相含量的多少对CoNiGa合金的马氏体相变有很大的影响.分析指出,两相共存及其所带来的物性变化是CoNiGa铁磁性形状记忆合金非常有利用价值的物理性质.     

一类具无穷时滞泛函微分方程的周期解

讨论具有无穷时滞中立型泛函微分方程$ \frac{\rm d}{{\rm d}t}\left(x(t)-\int_{-\infty}^{0}g(s,x(t+s)){\rm d}s\right) =A(t,x(t))x(t)+f(t,x_t)$的周期解问题,利用重合度理论中的延拓定理得到了周期解的存在性和唯一性条件;特别地,当$g(s,x)\equiv 0, A(t,x)=A(t)$时, 给出了存在唯一稳定周期解的条件.     

A copper‐based reverse atom‐transfer radical polymerization process for the living radical polymerization of polyacrylonitrile

The reverse atom‐transfer radical polymerization (RATRP) technique using CuCl₂/2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy) complex as a catalyst was applied to the living radical polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN). A hexasubstituted ethane thermal iniferter, diethyl 2,3‐dicyano‐2,3‐diphenylsuccinate (DCDPS), was firstly used as the initiator in this copper‐based RATRP initiation system. A CuCl₂ to bipy ratio of 0.5 not only gives the best control of molecular weight and its distribution, but also provides rather rapid reaction rate. The rate of polymerization increases with increasing the polymerization temperature, and the apparent activation energy was calculated to be 57.4 kJ mol^?1. Because the polymers obtained were end‐functionalized by chlorine atoms, they were used as macroinitiators to proceed the chain extension polymerization in the presence of CuCl/bipy catalyst system via a conventional ATRP process. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 226–231, 2006     

Synthesis of polyacrylonitrile via reverse atom transfer radical polymerization catalyzed by FeCl3/isophthalic acid

FeCl₃ coordinated by isophthalic acid was first used as a catalyst in the azobisisobutyronitrile‐initiated reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of acrylonitrile. N,N‐Dimethylformamide was used as a solvent to improve the solubility of the ligand. An FeCl₃‐to‐isophthalic acid ratio of 0.5 not only gave the best control of the molecular weight and its distribution but also provided rather a rapid reaction rate. The effects of different solvents on the polymerization of acrylonitrile were also investigated. The rate of the polymerization in N,N‐dimethylformamide was faster than that in propylene carbonate and toluene. The molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile agreed reasonably well with the theoretical molecular weight in N,N‐dimethylformamide. The rate of polymerization increased with increasing polymerization temperature, and the apparent activation energy was calculated to be 59.9 kJ mol^?1. Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization was first used to successfully synthesize acrylonitrile polymers with a molecular weight higher than 80,000 and a narrow polydispersity as low as 1.22. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 219–225, 2006