调强放射治疗子野权重优化方法研究

由于子野分割带来的误差, 使得调强放疗(Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, 简称IMRT)计划系统所制作的计划往往不能满足临床要求。 本研究将采用基于共轭梯度法的子野权重优化方法来减小此误差, 提高制作计划的效率和效果。 采用共轭梯度法优化子野权重和微调子野形状, 最终使得子野分割前后强度误差最小。 在精确放疗系统中对常见的临床病例（鼻咽癌和周围性肺癌）进行测试, 通过对比靶区和危及器官的剂量体积直方图以及CT片上的等剂量线, 发现子野权重优化后靶区的平均剂量分别从87.0%提高到100.2%和从90.0%提高到98.4%, 更好地满足临床要求。     

关于w-linked扩环

Let R ■ T be an extension of commutative rings.T is called w-linked over R if T as an R-module is a w-module.In the case of R ■ T ■ Q 0 （R）,T is called a w-linked overring of R.As a generalization of Wang-McCsland-Park-Chang Theorem,we show that if R is a reduced ring,then R is a w-Noetherian ring with w-dim（R） 1 if and only if each w-linked overring T of R is a w-Noetherian ring with w-dim（T ） 1.In particular,R is a w-Noetherian ring with w-dim（R） = 0 if and only if R is an Artinian ring.     

Quantum secret sharing protocol with four state Grover algorithm and its proof-of-principle experimental demonstration

In this article, we propose a three-party quantum secret sharing protocol with four-state Grover algorithm. The protocol has several advantages. It uses only four initial states which simplifies its experimental implementation. It has a higher encoding capacity, each two-qubit state provides two bits of information. We have experimentally demonstrated the protocol in a nuclear magnetic resonance quantum information processor successfully.     

Advances towards using finger/toenail dosimetry to triage a large population after potential exposure to ionizing radiation

Rapid and accurate retrospective dosimetry is of critical importance and strategic value for the emergency medical response to a large-scale radiological/nuclear event. One technique that has the potential for rapid and accurate dosimetry measurements is electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of relatively stable radiation-induced signals (RIS) in fingernails and toenails. Two approaches are being developed for EPR nail dosimetry. In the approach using ex vivo measurements on nail clippings, accurate estimation of the dose-dependent amplitude of the RIS is complicated by the presence of mechanically-induced signals (MIS) that are generated during the nail clipping. Recent developments in ex vivo nail dosimetry, including a thorough characterization of the MIS and an appreciation of the role of hydration and the development of effective analytic techniques, have led to improvements in the accuracy and precision of this approach. An in vivo nail dosimetry approach is also very promising, as it eliminates the problems of MIS from the clipping and it has the potential to be an effective and efficient approach for field deployment. Two types of EPR resonators are being developed for in vivo measurements of fingernails and toenails.     

A novel method for improving the adhesion strength of the electrodeposited Ni films in MEMS

Adhesion performance of MEMS materials is increasingly important with the widely use of miniaturized devices. This paper proposed a novel method for improving adhesion performance between electrodeposited Ni multi-layers. The new method is to treat the Ni substrate in nickel chloride plating solution by pulse reverse current technique before electrodeposition. The dense oxide film of Ni substrate can be removed effectively by this electrochemical method, meanwhile, the proper roughness of Ni substrate is in favor of epitaxial growth during electrodeposition. Moreover, the Ni film is electrodeposited by the new method with low stress and coarse crystal grain. Consequently, the adhesion performance of Ni films is improved dramatically. The experimental results show that the adhesion performance of Ni film electrodeposited by the new method is about 3 times that of by traditional method.     

Decoherence-free subspaces of anyon states

In this paper, we propose decoherence-free subspaces (DFSs) of anyon states under two kinds of noises. The forms of collective dephasing and collective rotation noises are introduced. The invariance requirement under these noises give some restrictions of the winding number of anyons. We put forward a scheme to realize the DFS of anyon states in the Kitaev spin-lattice model, and give some discussion of general kinds of anyons.     

具有常数红利边界的两类索赔相关风险模型数

研究常数红利边界下两类索赔相关的风险模型,两类索赔计数过程分别为独立的Poisson过程和广义Erlang(2)过程.利用分解Gerber-Shiu函数的方法,得到了Gerber-Shiu函数满足的积分-微分方程、边界条件、解析表达式及两类索赔额均服从指数分布时的破产概率表达式.     

非线性不适定问题一种双循环的牛顿型迭代格式

本文研究非线性算子方程F(x)=y的解,结合最速下降法,Newton-Landweber迭代格式及正则化思想,在F满足适当的条件下,构造出新的双循环迭代格式。本文对格式的收敛性进行了严格论证,并估计出迭代格式的收敛精度。     

手性羰基铁体系催化酮的不对称氢转移氢化

手性羰基铁络合物很少被用于芳香酮的不对称氢转移氢化.利用不同的羰基铁络合物与手性双胺双膦配体现场络合,形成手性胺膦铁催化体系.考察了它们对多种芳香酮的不对称氢转移催化氢化性能.结果表明,三核的手性胺膦铁簇合物是催化芳香酮不对称氢转移氢化的较好体系.当用三核的铁簇合物[Et₃NH]⁺[HFe₃(CO)₁₁]^-体系催化1,1-二苯基丙酮的氢化时,最高可获得98%的对映选择性.通过现场红外光谱测定,揣测羰基铁簇合物Fe₃(CO)₁₂在催化反应过程中保持三核的簇合物的簇骼不变.     

掺Tb-硅基发光材料制备过程中结构及发光性能

采用溶胶-凝胶技术 ,制备了不同退火温度下掺 Tb3＋的 SiO2玻璃 ,掺 Tb3＋的凝胶玻璃在 448,544,585,620 nm显示 Tb3＋的 5D4- 7FJ(J=3,4,5,6)的特征发光光谱 .通过不同退火温度下样品的激发光谱、发射光谱、红外光谱、远红外光谱及差热-热重谱研究了掺 Tb3＋的硅基材料由凝胶向玻璃转变过程中的结构变化及对 Tb3＋发光性能的影响 .结果显示 ,在 50～ 100℃退火温度下 ,凝胶大部分吸附水分子被除去 ,在 150～ 500℃退火温度区 ,是凝胶向玻璃转变的主要结构变化区 ,并且其发光强度也明显增加 ,到 800℃时趋于稳定 .这些现象得出一个结论 ,Tb3＋的发光跃迁被 O－ H基强烈猝灭而随退火温度的升高而加强 .