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991.
Influence of shell strength on shape transformation of micron-sized,monodisperse, hollow polymer particles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Micron-sized, monodisperse, non-spherical polymer particles with "rugby ball" and "red blood corpuscle"-like shapes were produced by seeded polymerization of the dispersion of (divinylbenzene/vinylbiphenyl/xylene)-swollen polystyrene particles prepared by utilizing the dynamic swelling method which the authors proposed in 1991. Their non-spherical shapes were based on buckling of the shell of the resultant hollow particles. In this article, the reversible shape transformation of the hollow composite polymer particle between spherical and such non-spherical shapes was studied in detail by controlling the shell strength. A part of the shell was buckled by external pressure which was caused by evaporation of xylene from the hollow when the shell had the tensile modulus below the critical value calculated from the pressure-buckling relationship of a spherical shell proposed by Uemura. The plasticization of the shell by a good solvent was one of key factors for the shape transformation. 相似文献
992.
The aim of this research work was to clarify the role of the mixed emulsifier in the structure formation and water binding
mode in the case of o/w creams prepared with different surfactants. The swelling behavior of mixed emulsifiers was examined
by means of direct investigation methods such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction. The detailed
structure image of the creams was created with the help of the latter. The influence of the structure of the hydrophilic gel
phase, and the structural changes during storage were studied with rheological methods. On the basis of the results, it can
be stated that the investigated creams had different structures from those mentioned in the literature: surfactant did not
create a mixed bilayer with the structure to furnish fatty amphiphile; instead, micelles were formed. These results correlated
well with the results of the rheological tests. 相似文献
993.
Recently the hydrogen-bond activated reactions have attracted much attention.1 Takemoto2 reported a highly enantioselective Michael addition of manolate to nitroolefins catalyzed by a bifunctional organocatalyst with tertiary amine and thiourea moiety. As we known,stereoselective conjugate additions of thiols are interesting due to the standpoint of biological and synthetic importance, however, only very limited good results have been obtained except for the works of Shibasaki3, Kanemasa4 and Deng5 et al.In this letter, we report an efficient catalytic asymmetric Michael reactions of thiols to a,a-unsaturated carbonyl compounds promoted by bifunctional organocatalysts. A series of organocatalysts with chiral amine and thiourea structures were designed and synthesized and have been successfully applied in the conjugated additions of thiols to a,a-unsaturated imides and enones.The reactions got quantitative yields and the ee values were up to 84%. It is noteworthy that the a-asymmetric protonation (up to 43% ee) also could be achieved.The Michael addition between aromatic thiols and a,a-unsaturated carbonyl compounds isdescribed as follows:Works to further increase the enantioselectivity is under investigation in our laboratory. 相似文献
994.
FT-IR and Raman spectroscopic study of hydrated rubidium (cesium) borates and alkali double borates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhu Lixia Yue Tao Wang Jiang Gao Shiyang 《Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry》2007,52(11):1786-1792
FT-IR and Raman spectra of five hydrated alkali borates and five hydrated alkali double borates have been recorded at room
temperature in the range 400 to 4000 cm−1, and analyzed. Fundamental vibrational modes have been identified and assignments tentatively made in comparison with the
work of Janda and Heller, and Li Jun.
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
995.
辣根过氧化物酶活性膜结构及生物电催化性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过分子沉积法研究了在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)表面及金电极表面组装辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)/聚对苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)多层生物活性膜,用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了组装膜的表面形貌,并研究了组装膜的形貌、粗糙度和活性关系.应用循环伏安法(CV)研究了组装HRP膜后电极对H2O2的电化学催化还原作用.实验发现,采用亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液为介质,在H2O2浓度为0.2~5.0 mmol•L-1时,其响应电流对H2O2浓度变化基本呈线性. 相似文献
996.
Polymer electrolyte systems were prepared for the first time by dissolution of amidomagnesium chlorides in poly(ethylene oxide),
(PEO). For the preparation, solutions of (hexamethyldisilylamido)magnesium chloride, (dimethylpyrrolyl)magnesium chloride,
(diisopropylamido)magnesium chloride, piperidinomagnesium chloride and morpholinomagnesium chloride were chosen. The composition
of these polymer electrolyte systems corresponds to the general formula R2NMgCl·P(EO)n·THF. Most work has been done with the system (hexamethyldisilylamido)magnesium chloride in PEO, (Me3Si)2NMgCl·P(EO)n·THF, with n= 3, 4, 5, or 7. The electrolytes have a soft rubber-like consistency. At 30 °C, electrical conductivities of 10−6–10−5 S/cm were found. The conductivities were measured in the temperature range 20–60 °C. Within this temperature range a linear
dependence of the logarithms of the conductivity on the inverse temperature was found and activation energies for the conducting
process of 30–60 kJ/mol were calculated. Using those polymer electrolytes with a high content of the amidomagnesium compound,
a reversible magnesium deposition takes place by cathodic reduction at potentials below −1.9 V vs. a Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
These polymer electrolytes were found to be stable against oxidation up to about −0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
1000.
用pH法在25.0±0.1℃,I=0.1mol·dm-3KNO3条件下,测定铜(Ⅱ)-4-(吡啶-2′-甲基)-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十三烷-11,13-二酮-α-氨基酸(5-取代邻菲罗啉)三元配合物的稳定常数;比较了带吡啶甲基二氧四胺大环配体和二氧四胺大环配体与Cu(Ⅱ)的配位能力、配位方式;研究了该三元体系配合物稳定性与配体α-氨基酸酸碱强度之间的直线自由能关系;探讨了Cu(Ⅱ)和5-取代邻菲罗啉之间的d-p反馈π键以及邻菲罗啉取代基Hammett诱导效应与该三元配合物稳定性之间的关系。讨论了4-(吡啶-2′-甲基)-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十三烷-11,13-二酮和4-(喹啉-2′-甲基)-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十三烷-11,13-二酮与Cuxphen所形成配合物的不同空间结构及其对配合物稳定性产生的影响。 相似文献