Reconstructing spatial phase distributions and object images from speckle intensity patterns of the diffraction field

A method of reconstruction of the spatial phase distribution and the image of a scattering object from a recorded speckle pattern of the diffraction field has been developed and verified on test objects. The proposed method is based on an assumption that, for objects of a certain class, the phase difference between adjacent speckles in the far zone is equal to π. Digital records of Fourier speckle patterns and the corresponding digitally reconstructed images are presented.     

Obtaining equations of motion for charged particles in the (<Emphasis Type="Italic">v/c</Emphasis>)<Superscript>3</Superscript>-approximation by the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann method

We consider some principal methodological problems that appear when the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann method is used to find approximate solutions of the general relativity equations and to obtain information about the motion of particles whose interaction force is much greater than the gravitational attraction force. Among these problems are normalizing approximate expressions by expanding exact solutions written in the same coordinate conditions used in the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann method, assigning the smallness orders depending on relations between the smallness parameters in play, and verifying cancellations of divergent terms arising in surface integrals. Solving these questions in accordance with the internal logic of the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann method results in new tools and techniques for applying the method. We demonstrate these tools and techniques in the example of the problem of the motion of two electrically charged pointlike particles in the (v/c)³-approximation.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 142, No. 1, pp. 160–176, January, 2005.     

Synthesis and spectral characteristics of Ni(II) 1-aryl-3-aryl(alkyl)-5-(benzothiazole-2-yl)formazanates

Novel mono-and binuclear metal complexes of Ni(II) based on 1-aryl-3-aryl(alkyl)-5-(benzothiazole-2-yl)formazanes were synthesized and their structures were studied by the electronic and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and megnetochemical methods.     

Investigations into N-aryl-β-amino acids

1-Aryl-5,6-dihydrouracils and 1-aryl-2-thio-5,6-dihydrouracils are synthesized from N-aryl--alanines and esters of N-aryl--ureidopropionic acid. The dihydrouracils were hydrolyzed by 0.1 N alkali.     

Comparison of thermodynamic and rheological properties of binary polymer mixtures

The dependence of viscosity on concentration for a series of binary mixtures of polymers differing in their chemical nature and for mixtures of polymer homologues was compared with the peculiarities of their phase diagrams as well as with the concentration dependence of their thermodynamic interaction parameters. A definite correlation was found between the composition dependence of the viscosity and the thermodynamic state of the system in the melt at a given temperature. The universal character of this correlation was shown both for the mixtures of various polymers and for those of the polymer homologues.     

Quantum mechanics of stationary states of particles in a space–time of classical black holes

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics - We consider interactions of scalar particles, photons, and fermions in Schwarzschild, Reissner–Nordström, Kerr, and Kerr–Newman gravitational...     

X-ray diffraction investigation of 1-phenyl-3-isopropyl-5-(benzothiazol-2-yl)formazan

The crystal structure of 1-phenyl-3-isopropyl-5-(benzothiazol-2-yl)formazan is investigated using X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the form of two crystallographically independent molecules (A and B) in identical conformations that are stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds N-H…N (N…N, 2.892 and 2.939 Å) link molecules into AB dimers. Both molecules have a flattened structure, except for the isopropyl fragment. The bonds in the formazan chains are delocalized. Molecules A and B have close geometric characteristics.     

Harmonic analysis of coefficients of free energy decomposition in the polarization of a Rb<Subscript>2</Subscript>ZnCl<Subscript>4</Subscript> crystal

Landau–Devonshire decomposition coefficients W_C in a series with respect to P_C are determined via harmonic analysis of experimental free energy coordinates W_C of a Rb₂ZnCl₄ crystal, depending on its polarization P_C. The number of terms needed in W_C decomposition is determined for quantitative evaluation of the measured data.     

Reduction of the matrix influence on analytical signal in laser-enhanced ionization spectrometry with laser sampling

The novel approach using a slope of correlation line (laser-enhanced ionization of lithium versus laser-induced plasma emission of aluminum) as analytical signal was proposed for reduction of matrix interferences in laser-enhanced ionization spectrometric determination of Li with laser sampling.