ICP-AES测定高浓度基体下杂质元素的偏最小二乘法研究

建立了ICP-AES测定高浓度基体中微量杂质元素的偏最小二乘方法(PLS)。研究表明,PLS能有效校正高浓度基体干扰引起的测量误差,比多元光谱拟合法(MSF)能承受的基体浓度更高。当基体与杂质的含量比为1 000∶1～20 000∶1时,该方法的加标回收率在95%～105%之间。对于干扰效应与基体浓度呈非线性相关的体系,普通PLS的预测准确度不高,但使用基于样品浓度矩阵变换的偏最小二乘法(LIN-PPLS),则明显改善了预测的准确度。分别用MSF、普通PLS和LIN-PPLS对水系沉积物国家标准物质GBW07312中的Co,Pb和Ga进行测定,结果表明,LIN-PPLS的预测准确度优于普通PLS,而普通PLS的预测准确度优于MSF。     

应用角谱方法研究聚焦声束在层状生物组织中的非线性声传播

应用角谱方法理论研究了聚焦声束在层状生物组织中的非线性传播特性，将声波分解为角谱，可计算垂直于声轴的任意平面的非线性声场。在圆形平面活塞聚焦换能器的焦区中插入多种生物组织样品，数值计算了样品内部及外部的二次谐波声场，并通过实验测量验证了理论方法的有效性。基于快速傅氏变换的角谱方法可直观地描述非线性声传播，对非线性声成像有指导作用。     

单色仪转角重复精度的相位板衍射准直方法测量

为准确测量上海光源软X射线谱学显微光束线采用的变包含角平面光栅单色仪的转角重复精度,提出了一种新的基于相位板衍射准直技术的测量方法.该方法将半导体激光单模光纤和相位板衍射准直技术结合起来,利用面阵CCD采集图像,通过测量光斑的位移变化确定平面镜和光栅的角度变化.实验表明.该方法可以测量掠入射情况下单色仪联动时的转角重复精度,测量精度可达士0.1",此测量精度优于同等实验条件下的商用ELCOMAT 3000自准直仪的测量精度.     

短波碲镉汞光伏器件的低频噪声研究

对所研制的短波光伏碲镉汞器件进行了变温电流-电压特性和低频噪声研究，测试温度范围255—293K.实验结果表明随着温度的下降，器件的优值因子R₀A从45×10³Ωcm²增加到7×10⁴Ωcm².器件在低频区的主要噪 声成分是1/f噪声和产生-复合噪声，在高频区主要是散粒噪声.在测试的偏压内，器件的1/f噪声功率谱密度与流过器件的电流的平方成正比，器件的Hooge系数为3×10^-4—7×10^-4.从噪声 功率谱密度曲线分析中得到产生-复合噪声的特征时间常数τ，通过τ的温度特性得到了器件的深能级. 关键词： 碲镉汞 优值因子 低频噪声 深能级     

Epidemic spreading in scale-free networks including the effect of individual vigilance

In this paper, we study the epidemic spreading in scale-free networks and propose a new susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model that includes the effect of individual vigilance. In our model, the effective spreading rate is dynamically adjusted with the time evolution at the vigilance period. Using the mean-field theory, an analytical result is derived. It shows that individual vigilance has no effect on the epidemic threshold. The numerical simulations agree well with the analytical result. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of individual vigilance on the epidemic spreading speed. It is shown that individual vigilance can slow the epidemic spreading speed effectively and delay the arrival of peak epidemic infection.     

Novel stability and stabilization criteria for Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy time-delay systems

We study the problems of stability and stabilization for Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) fuzzy time-delay systems.First,by constructing a less-redundant Lyapunov-Krasovskii function and introducing a useful inequality,an innovative stability criterion is obtained,which gives a significant improvement on the performance.Compared with the exiting references,our result can use fewer unknown variables and get better results.Furthermore,based on the derived stability criteria,a new stabilization condition is developed,in which the controller gain and the maximum allowable delay bound can be obtained simultaneously.The conditions are all derived in the form of linear matrix inequality,which are easy to verify.Finally,numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

227-W output all-fiberized Tm-doped fiber laser at 1908 nm

In this paper, we report that a diode-pumped thulium-doped double clad silica fiber laser can provide powers of up to 227 W at 1908 nm, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 54.3%, and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 51.2%. The output power, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest output at 1908 nm. The beam quality M2 factor is about 1.56. Also discussed in this paper is the dependence of the laser performance on fiber length.     

W波段交错双栅返波振荡器高频系统

将矩形交错双栅结构作为慢波电路并提出与之配套的过渡结构和输出耦合器,设计了利用带状电子注工作在W波段的返波振荡器。提出的过渡结构和耦合器解决了该类直波导型器件的信号传输衰减大、反射强等难题。相对于传统圆形电子注器件,该器件得到了较大的功率提升。利用三维粒子模拟计算的方法,在电流12 mA时通过调节工作电压,在92~98 GHz频带内得到了数W的稳定平均功率输出,信号中心频率非常接近设计频率,且单色性好,谐波分量小。     

卷绕式螺旋形薄膜介质脉冲形成线设计

采用模块化结构,设计了一种卷绕式螺旋形薄膜介质脉冲形成线,并且对绝缘材料、电极材料的选择依据进行了分析。基于模块化卷绕式脉冲形成线,研制的重复频率脉冲方波产生器采用4个开关同步触发四级形成线模块,从而实现多模块的电压串联叠加,以达到产生高压的目的。开关采用气体火花间隙开关,每级开关及充放电采用电感隔离。研制的脉冲产生器输出电压220 kV,脉冲宽度182 ns,前沿50 ns,可10 Hz重复频率稳定运行。     

A wide dynamic range laser rangefinder with cm-level resolution based on AGC amplifier structure

A pulsed time-of-flight (TOF) laser rangefinder with a pulsed laser diode and an avalanche photo diode (APD) receiver is constructed and tested. Trigged by an avalanche transistor, the laser diode can emit a periodic pulse with rise time of ～2 ns. A new structure with auto gain control (AGC) circuits both in the pre-amplifier and the post-amplifier is presented. Through this technology, not only the dynamic range of the receiver is extended, but also the walk error of timing discriminators is reduced. Large measurement range from 5 m to 500 m is achieved without any cooperative target. The single-shot precision is 3 cm for the weakest signal. Compared with previous laser rangefinders, the complexity of this system is greatly simplified.