The reaction π−p → K0Σ0 up to 2375 MeV/c

Differential cross-section and polarization measurements for the reaction π^?p → K⁰Σ⁰ are presented from 1395 to 2375 MeV/c incident beam momentum. The polarization data from an earlier experiment, from thershold to 1334 MeV/c, have been re-analysed by an improved method leading to a substantial reduction in the errors.     

Spin-exchange-induced circularly polarized molecular fluorescence

We have measured the circular polarization of light emitted from both atomic H and molecular H2 after bombarding H2 with longitudinally polarized electrons. For both atomic and molecular fluorescence near threshold we observe a circular polarization as great as 10% of the electron polarization. This represents the first direct observation of spin transfer in electron-molecule collisions.     

Heritability of Stroop and flanker performance in 12-year old children

Background  

There is great interest in appropriate phenotypes that serve as indicator of genetically transmitted frontal (dys)function, such as ADHD. Here we investigate the ability to deal with response conflict, and we ask to what extent performance variation on response interference tasks is caused by genetic variation. We tested a large sample of 12-year old monozygotic and dizygotic twins on two well-known and closely related response interference tasks; the color Stroop task and the Eriksen flanker task. Using structural equation modelling we assessed the heritability of several performance indices derived from those tasks.     

Quantum-mechanical analysis of a longitudinal Stern-Gerlach effect

We present the results of a rigorous quantum-mechanical calculation of the propagation of electrons through an inhomogeneous magnetic field with axial symmetry. A complete spin polarization of the beam is demonstrated assuming that a Landau eigenstate can be inserted into the field. This is in contrast with the semiclassical situation, where the spin splitting is blurred.     

Cavitation in adhesives

The bubbles that usually appear in the bulk of an adhesive film during separation allow for a significant deformation of the adhesive material and are therefore an essential ingredient for a high dissipation. Recent observations have shown that they appear in the early stages of separation. The present model describes the early deformations induced in the film by the bubbles, and predicts how many will appear, depending on the separation velocity and on the number of weak points in the film. The trends we obtain are in agreement with observations.     

The contribution of high frequencies to human brain activity underlying horizontal localization of natural spatial sounds

Background  

In the field of auditory neuroscience, much research has focused on the neural processes underlying human sound localization. A recent magnetoencephalography (MEG) study investigated localization-related brain activity by measuring the N1m event-related response originating in the auditory cortex. It was found that the dynamic range of the right-hemispheric N1m response, defined as the mean difference in response magnitude between contralateral and ipsilateral stimulation, reflects cortical activity related to the discrimination of horizontal sound direction. Interestingly, the results also suggested that the presence of realistic spectral information within horizontally located spatial sounds resulted in a larger right-hemispheric N1m dynamic range. Spectral cues being predominant at high frequencies, the present study further investigated the issue by removing frequencies from the spatial stimuli with low-pass filtering. This resulted in a stepwise elimination of direction-specific spectral information. Interaural time and level differences were kept constant. The original, unfiltered stimuli were broadband noise signals presented from five frontal horizontal directions and binaurally recorded for eight human subjects with miniature microphones placed in each subject's ear canals. Stimuli were presented to the subjects during MEG registration and in a behavioral listening experiment.     

Ueber Untersuchung von Jodoform und Jod enthaltenden Verbandstoffen und Arzneimitteln

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Middle School Students' Understanding of Number Sense Related to Percent

This study examined middle school students' understanding of percent, focusing on number sense. Participants in the study were 106 seventh-grade and 93 eighth-grade students. Students were given a written test that included 21 multiple-choice questions and an open-ended item. Research interviews were conducted with 28 selected students. Students performed better interpreting a quantity expressed as a percent given a pictorial continuous region than when a pictorial discrete set of circles was given. Students had difficulty interpreting a quantity expressed as a percent of a number. The strategies used by students to make comparisons about percents represent a wide range of correct and incorrect approaches to the questions. In addition to the use of 50% and 100% as common reference points, students successfully applied fractional relationships, estimation and mental computation to make comparisons. A variety of inappropriate strategies which included computational procedures and numerical comparisons were also employed, some of which resulted in the correct multiple-choice response.