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31.
M. Duval M. Gauthier A. BLANGER P. E. Harvey B. Kapfer G. Vassort 《Macromolecular Symposia》1989,24(1):151-162
Polymers based on poly(thylene oxide) (PEO) are a very promising new type of stable electrolytes for lithium rechargeable batteries. Their relatively low ionic conductivities can be more than compensated by the very small electrolyte thicknesses that can be used. Specific energies of 100 Wh/kg at sustained specific powers of 70 W/kg, have been obtained at Hydro-Québec with 100 μm of PEO electrolyte at 100°C. In an electric vehicle, this would give a driving range of over 300 km at 80 km/h, more than three times as much as lead-acid batteries. PEO-related polymers have been developed for lower temperature applications such as computers or portable appliances. Advantages over competitive Ni-Cd batteries are higher energy densities and absence of self-discharge, with expected shell lifes of 10 years. Laboratory prototypes (3600 cm2, 10 Wh) demonstrate the absence of scale-up effects and excellent cycling capability (over 300 charge-discharge cycles). 相似文献
32.
33.
Carlos Javier Villagomez Tomaso Zambelli Sébastien Gauthier André Gourdon Sladjana Stojkovic Christian Joachim 《Surface science》2009,603(10-12):1526-1532
An isomer of the methylterrylene molecule was adsorbed both on Cu(111) and on a NaCl bilayer deposited on Cu(111) and imaged by ultra high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy at low temperature (5 K). On the bare metal surface, the STM images do not reveal any intramolecular resolution and do not depend on the applied tunnel bias. On the contrary, the images acquired at specific bias voltages for the molecule on the salt layer show a striking similarity with the spatial distribution of the electronic probability density in the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of free methylterrylene. They are well reproduced by elastic scattering quantum chemistry calculations. These data provide a direct view of the hyperconjugative interaction between the methyl group and the frontier orbitals of terrylene. 相似文献
34.
Linington RG Robertson M Gauthier A Finlay BB van Soest R Andersen RJ 《Organic letters》2002,4(23):4089-4092
Extracts of the marine sponge Caminus sphaeroconia showed potent activity in a screen for bacterial type III secretion inhibitors. Bioassay guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of the novel antimicrobial glycolipid caminoside A (1). The structure of caminoside A was elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data and chemical degradation.[structure: see text] 相似文献
35.
Bennink RS Wong V Marino AM Aronstein DL Boyd RW Stroud CR Lukishova S Gauthier DJ 《Physical review letters》2002,88(11):113901
We have observed transverse pattern formation leading to highly regular structures in both the near and far fields when a near-resonant laser beam propagates without feedback through an atomic sodium vapor. One example is a regular far-field honeycomb pattern, which results from the transformation of the laser beam within the vapor into a stable three-lobed structure with a uniform phase distribution and highly correlated power fluctuations. The predictions of a theoretical model of the filamentation process are in good agreement with these observations. 相似文献
36.
The Fenton-Karma model is a simplification of complex ionic models of cardiac membrane that reproduces quantitatively many of the characteristics of heart cells; its behavior is simple enough to be understood analytically. In this paper, a map is derived that approximates the response of the Fenton-Karma model to stimulation in zero spatial dimensions. This map contains some amount of memory, describing the action potential duration as a function of the previous diastolic interval and the previous action potential duration. Results obtained from iteration of the map and numerical simulations of the Fenton-Karma model are in good agreement. In particular, the iterated map admits different types of solutions corresponding to various dynamical behavior of the cardiac cell, such as 1:1 and 2:1 patterns. (c) 2002 American Institute of Physics. 相似文献
37.
It is widely believed that the velocity of information upsiloni encoded on an optical pulse is equal to the group velocity upsilong, at least when upsilong is less than the speed of light in vacuum c. On the other hand, several authors suggest that upsiloni=c, although the size of the signal traveling at this velocity may be small, thereby making it difficult to measure. Here, we measure upsiloni for pulses propagating through a resonant "slow-light" medium where upsilong approximately 0.006c. We find upsiloni=1.03c(+0.49c)-0.25c, or that upsiloni approximately 168upsilong, clearly demonstrating that the speed of information cannot be generally described by upsilong, but is characterized by its own velocity. 相似文献
38.
G. Doumy S. Dobosz P. D’Oliveira P. Monot M. Perdrix F. Quéré F. Réau Ph. Martin P. Audebert J.C. Gauthier J.P. Geindre 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2004,78(7-8):901-904
We demonstrate the influence of the prepulses and ASE of ultrashort pulses interacting with a solid target by addressing the direct comparison of the harmonic spectra generated by reflection onto a solid target with and without the introduction of a plasma mirror system. Harmonics up to the 20th of the fundamental of the Ti-Sa laser are clearly visible in a situation free from any plasma expansion. PACS 42.65. Ky; 52.38.-r; 52.38.Ph; 52.50.Jm 相似文献
39.
S. Bastiani-Ceccotti P. Audebert V. Nagels-Silvert J.P. Geindre J.C. Gauthier J.C. Adam A. Héron C. Chenais-Popovics 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2004,78(7-8):905-909
Recent experimental results on ion beams produced in high-intensity laser–solid interactions indicate the presence of very intense electric fields in the target. This suggests the possibility of efficiently heating a solid material by means of the fast electrons created during the laser–solid interactions and trapped in the target, rather than by the laser photons themselves. We tested this mechanism by irradiating very small cubic aluminum targets with the LULI 100-TW, 300-fs laser at 1.06-m wavelength. X-ray spectra were measured with an ultra-fast streak camera, coupled to a conical Bragg crystal, providing spectra in the 1.5-keV range with high temporal and spectral resolution. The results indicate the creation of a hot plasma, but a very low coupling between the rapid electrons and the solid. A tentative explanation, in agreement with other experimental results and with preliminary particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, points out the fatal role of the laser prepulse. PACS 52.50.Jm; 52.38.Ph; 52.38.Kd 相似文献
40.
E. V. Yakovenko M. Gauthier A. Polian 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2004,98(5):981-985
Lattice vibrations of the wurtzite-type AIN have been studied by Raman spectroscopy under high-pressure up to the phase transition to the rock salt structure at 20 GPa. Five fundamental bands E 2 2 , A1(TO), E1(TO), A1(LO), and E1(LO) have a strong, positive pressure shift, whereas the shift of the low-frequency E 2 1 band is weakly positive. We have found that the bond-bending mode has a positive mode Grüneisen parameter γi = 0.04, which is qualitatively consistent with the recently reported value γi = 0.12 [21]. Thus, we confirm that AIN remains stable with respect to the bond-bending mode, while in most tetrahedral semiconductors, bond-bending modes soften on compression. Experimental results are compared with the first-principle calculations. 相似文献