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41.
Temperature and heat-flux measurement at the microscale for convective heat-transfer studies requires highly precise, minimally intrusive sensors. For this purpose, a new generic temperature and heat-flux sensor was designed, calibrated and tested. The sensor allows measurement of temperature and heat flux distributions along the direction of flow. It is composed of forty gold thermoresistances, 85 nm thick, deposited on both sides of a borosilicate substrate. Their sensitivities are about 37.8 μV K(-1), close to those of a K-type wire thermocouple. Using a thermoelectrical model, temperature biases due to the Joule effect were calculated using the current crossing each thermoresistance and the heat-transfer coefficient. Finally, heat-transfer measurements were performed with deionized water flowing in a straight PDMS microchannel for various Reynolds numbers. The Nusselt number was obtained for microchannels of 50 to 10 μm span. The results were found to be in good agreement with classical Nu-Re macroscopic correlations. 相似文献
42.
Synchronized oscillations are of critical functional importance in many biological systems. We show that such oscillations can arise without centralized coordination in a disordered system of electrically coupled excitable and passive cells. Increasing the coupling strength results in waves that lead to coherent periodic activity, exhibiting cluster, local and global synchronization under different conditions. Our results may explain the self-organized transition in a pregnant uterus from transient, localized activity initially to system-wide coherent excitations just before delivery. 相似文献
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Jérôme Garnier Pierre-Emmanuel DufilsJérôme Vinas Yves VandervekenAlex van Herk Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2012,97(2):170-177
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate)/poly(vinylidene chloride-co-methyl acrylate) (poly(GMA-co-BMA)/poly(VDC-co-MA)) composite latexes have been successfully synthesized via a two-stage emulsion polymerization process. In a first step, emulsion copolymerization of GMA and BMA was carried out in optimized conditions (low temperature, neutral pH, starved-feed conditions) to both limit the hydrolysis of epoxy groups and obtain small particle size (typically 30-50 nm size range). Composite latexes were then obtained by a second-stage seeded copolymerization of VDC and MA in the presence of tetrasodium pyrophosphate to control the pH and reach high molecular weight, leading to partial encapsulation of the seed particles (snow-man morphology, in agreement with theoretical expectations). Thermogravimetric analyses performed on the resulting composite particles showed that the epoxy-functionalized seed polymer behaved as an efficient thermal stabilizer of PVDC. 相似文献
45.
J. Garnier 《Journal of statistical physics》2001,105(5-6):789-833
This paper deals with the transmission of a soliton in a random medium described by a randomly perturbed Korteweg–de Vries equation. Different kinds of perturbations are addressed, depending on their specific time or position dependences, with or without damping. We derive effective evolution equations for the soliton parameter by applying a perturbation theory of the inverse scattering transform and limit theorems of stochastic calculus. Original results are derived that are very different compared to a randomly perturbed Nonlinear Schrödinger equation. First the emission of a soliton gas is proved to be a very general feature. Second some perturbations are shown to involve a speeding-up of the soliton, instead of the decay that is usually observed in random media. 相似文献
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L. W. Andrews H. Morawitz E. Rupp H. Bauer W. F. Schirmer Karin Thaulow H. Lescoeur E. Biilman F. Lehmann J. Knox P. W. Robertson H. Wastenson G. S. Jamieson F. Utz L. Garnier F. Reinthaler J. A. Muller A. Kolb A. Feldhofen G. Adanti B. Oddo L. Vignon H. R. Procter und R. A. Seymour-Jones 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1923,62(10):401-407
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
48.
R. Garnier L. Palfray S. Sabetay E. J. Parry und J. H. Seager 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1937,110(1-2):46
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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L. Garnier 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1886,25(1):401
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献