QEPAS系统中石英音叉模态仿真计算与研究

对石英音叉增强型光声光谱(QEPAS)系统中常用的石英音叉进行了有限元模态计算，获得石英音叉前6阶振型与模态频率，认知了第4阶对称摆动振型为有效振动，利用单因素法分析了石英音叉的音臂长度l₁、音臂宽度w₁、音臂厚度t、音臂切角θ、音臂圆孔直径d及音臂圆孔高度h对低阶有效共振频率(Fre)的影响，敏感度依次为： l₁> w₁>d>θ>t>h，考虑实际设计情形，筛选出了l₁，w₁，d与h四个石英音叉设计变量，采用Box-Behnken实验设计方案与RSM(response surface methodology)方法，以Fre为函数目标，建立l₁，w₁，d与h的二次回归响应面模型，得到了参数之间的交互作用，利用Design-Expert软件对响应面模型进行设计参数反求，结果表明，在15 000 Hz≤Fre≤25 000 Hz计算区域内误差较小，基本满足QEPAS系统的计算需求，所提出的研究与设计方法具有一定通用性，可为QEPAS系统中石英音叉结构参数设计提供参考。     

Recent Progress on Nickel-Based Oxide/(Oxy)Hydroxide Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Developing clean and sustainable energies as alternatives to fossil fuels is in strong demand within modern society. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the efficiency-limiting process in plenty of key renewable energy systems, such as electrochemical water splitting and rechargeable metal–air batteries. In this regard, ongoing efforts have been devoted to seeking high-performance electrocatalysts for enhanced energy conversion efficiency. Apart from traditional precious-metal-based catalysts, nickel-based compounds are the most promising earth-abundant OER catalysts, attracting ever-increasing interest due to high activity and stability. In this review, the recent progress on nickel-based oxide and (oxy)hydroxide composites for water oxidation catalysis in terms of materials design/synthesis and electrochemical performance is summarized. Some underlying mechanisms to profoundly understand the catalytic active sites are also highlighted. In addition, the future research trends and perspectives on the development of Ni-based OER electrocatalysts are discussed.     

Studies on metabolism of total glucosides of paeony from Paeoniae Radix Alba in rats by UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS

Total glucosides of paeony are the active constituents of Paeoniae Radix Alba. In this study, a novel strategy was proposed to find more metabolites and the differences between paeoniflorin, albiflorin and total glucosides of paeony (TGP). This strategy was characterized as follows: firstly, the animals were divided into three groups (paeoniflorin, albiflorin and TGP) to identify the source of TGP metabolites from paeoniflorin or albiflorin; secondly, a generic information‐dependent acquisition scan for the low‐level metabolites was triggered by the multiple mass defect filter and dynamic background subtraction; thirdly, the metabolites were identified with a combination of data‐processing methods including mass defect filtering, neutral loss filtering and product ion filtering; finally, a comparative study was used in the metabolism of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and TGP. Based on the strategy, 18 metabolites of TGP, 10 metabolites of paeoniflorin and 13 metabolites of albiflorin were identified respectively. The results indicated that the hydrolysis, conjugation reaction and oxidization were the major metabolic pathways, and the metabolic sites were the glycosidic linkage, the ester bond and the benzene ring. This study is first to explore the metabolism of TGP, and these findings enhance our understanding of the metabolism and the interactions of paeoniflrin and albiflorin in TGP. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

线性双向联想存储器

提出了一个线性双向联想存储器的模型，一组有限个向量对由一线性算子建立起双向联想关系，此线性算于是一个网络的联结权重矩阵。该权矩阵由最小二乘法决定。由权矩阵的解导出一特殊类型的Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ矩阵方程．本文提供了这种Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ矩阵方程的解。     

用短谐振腔结构优化THz电磁波参量振荡器的输出特性

以MgO：LiNbO₃为非线性光学介质，通过采用一种高性能腔反射镜实现了一种85mm短腔长的法布里-珀罗式的光学参量振荡器，产生THz电磁波的实验结果.这种短腔长THz参量振荡器比传统的160mm腔长的振荡阈值降低了22.3％；峰值能量提高了170％；频率调谐范围从0.5—2.4THz提高到0.8—3.1THz.还报道了一种基于平面金属丝网的法布里-珀罗干涉仪测量THz波线宽的实验结果. 关键词： THz电磁波 OPO 非线性光学 3')" href="#">LiNbO₃     

n(Zn)：n(Ga)比值对合成ZnGa2O4结构及光致发光性能的影响

以ZnO和HGaO₂为原料,用不同配比合成出系列ZnGa₂O₄,并对其晶体结构和发光性能进行了研究。用荧光分光光度计检测了ZnGa₂O₄的激发和发射光谱,用X射线衍射仪检测了ZnGa₂O₄的衍射图谱,用热重差热仪绘制了TGA-DAT曲线。对检测结果分析认为:1.ZnGa₂O₄属于尖晶石结构,稍过量的Zn或Ga能进入ZnGa₂O₄结构中,并对ZnGa₂O₄的晶格常数产生一定影响。2.ZnGa₂O₄存在两个自激发光中心,当Ga稍过量时,自激发光中心是四面体镓氧键[T_d(Ga-O)],最大激发波长约248nm,最大发射波长约367nm;当Zn稍过量时,自激发光中心是八面体镓氧键[O_h(Ga-O)],最大激发波长约270nm,最大发射波长约441nm。当n(Zn):n(Ga)在理论值附近,激发和发射光强度最大,而且光谱峰位发生了红移。3.ZnGa₂O₄的热稳定性能非常好。上述结论对研究ZnGa₂O₄基质或掺杂的发光材料具有一定意义。     

利用杨辉三角形对称性推导高阶运动微分方程

利用Mathematica数学软件计算函数r=r(q(t),t)各变量之间偏导和高阶导数的关系，发现具有杨辉三角形对称性.结合杨辉三角形的对称性规律和牛顿第二定律推导出了高阶运动微分方程，并讨论了理想约束系统下的高阶运动微分方程. 关键词： 杨辉三角形 牛顿第二定律 高阶运动微分方程 高阶力变率 高阶速度能量 理想约束     

基于Terminal滑模的有限时间混沌同步实现

提出了混沌同步有限时间实现问题，将Terminal滑模控制技术与混沌同步问题相结合，把同步问题视为响应系统的跟踪问题，给出了由线性滑模函数引入非线性项构造Terminal滑模面的充分条件，以及相应Terminal滑模控制器.以主从Duffing系统为例研究验证同步策略的可行性和有效性. 关键词： Terminal滑模 混沌同步 Duffing系统     

极化子导电到能带导电的转变

采用交流法测量大功率商用钛酸钡(BT)陶瓷加热器的电阻和加热功率随温度的变化关系.结果显示,BT陶瓷的电导特性在80℃附近出现了明显的转变,从低温时的极化子跳跃导电转变为高温时的能带导电,此时,电阻出现极小值,而加热功率出现极大值.     

一类含参广义集值拟变分包含组的解的灵敏性分析

本文引入了一类新的含参广义集值拟变分包含组,应用隐预解算子技巧,建立了该类变分包含组与一类不动点问题的等价性,在适当的条件下,分析了含参广义集值拟变分包含组的解的灵敏性,所得结果推广改进了最新文献中的许多结果．