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471.
Photoreactions involving N,N-dimethylated α-amino acid salts and N-methylphthalimide are dominated by photoreduction and acetone trapping. Only, N-phenyl glycinate underwent photodecarboxylative addition in a moderate yield of 30%. In contrast, N-acylated α-amino acid salts readily gave addition products in fair to high yields of 20-95%. Comparison experiments with N,N-dimethylacetamide and amino-/amido-containing phthalimides revealed the origin of the crucial electron-transfer step and the reactivity order NR3 » ? RCONR2 was established. 相似文献
472.
Thomas A. Blake James F. Kelly Neal B. Gallagher Paul L. Gassman Timothy J. Johnson 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2009,395(2):337-348
Hyperspectral images of galvanized steel plates, each containing a stain of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), were recorded
using a commercial long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer. Demonstrations of passive RDX chemical detection at areal dosages
between 16 and 90 μg/cm2 were carried out over practical standoff ranges between 14 and 50 m. Anomaly and target detection algorithms were applied
to the images to determine the effect of areal dosage and sensing distance on detection performance for target RDX. The anomaly
detection algorithms included principal component analysis, maximum autocorrelation factors, and principal autocorrelation
factors. Maximum difference factors and principal difference factors are novel multivariate edge detection techniques that
were examined for their utility in detection of the RDX stains in the images. A target detection algorithm based on generalized
least squares was applied to the images, as well, to see if the algorithm can identify the compound in the stains on the plates
using laboratory reflection spectra of RDX, cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) as the
target spectra. The algorithm could easily distinguish between the nitroaromatic (TNT) compound and the nitramine (RDX, HMX)
compounds, and, though the distinction between RDX and HMX was less clear, the mean weighted residuals identified RDX as the
stain on the plate. Improvements that can be made in this detection technique are discussed in detail. As expected, it was
found that detection was best for short distances and higher areal dosages. However, the target was easily detected at all
distances and areal dosages used in this study.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献