操作参数对PEM燃料电池中水迁移的影响

质子膜内水分和阴极多孔电极中液态水含量是PEM燃料电池正常运行的控制因素。本文给出了一个用于研究PEM燃料电池内水迁移的稳态、等温、两相流模型。模型耦合了连续方程、动量守恒方程和物质守恒方程,以及水在质子膜中传递方程。运用试验结果验证了模型的有效性。分析模拟结果表明,增大系统操作压力、升高电池操作温度和降低加湿温度将会使质子膜中水的净迁移通量增大;增大操作压力、降低操作温度和升高加湿温度会增加阴极CTL与GDL界面上液态水含量。     

质子交换膜燃料电池低化学计量比的性能研究

以质子交换膜燃料电池实际应用为背景,研究了在反应物低化学计量比下,质子交换膜燃料电池不同温度、压力下的性能。得到了电池温度,压力对反应物化学计量比的影响。实验结果表明,反应物化学计量比1.0的电池性能低于足量反应气体工况下的电池性能;化学计量比为1.3时,电池能够在预期电流强度下稳定运行;反应气体的传质过程影响反应所需的化学计量比;当提升压力至0.13 MPa,化学计量比1.0的电池性能与足量反应气体工况下的性能相当。     

Separability of Bipartite Superoperator Based on Witness

Based on the isomorphic relation between operator space L(H) and Hilbert space H^⊕2, Cirac et al. mapped the global superoperator to a mixed state E which has the same separability of the initial superoperator. Zhang et al. [Phys. Rev. A 76(2007)012334] provided a calculable lower bound for both the linear and nonlinear witness. We use this bound to detect the entanglement of E to judge the separability of the initial superoperator. With the help of local orthogonal observables, we directly describe the separable condition of superoperator by its each operator. Lastly, using the lower bound of the nonlinear witness, we provide a calculable entanglement factor of bipartite superoperator.     

A Scheme for Atomic Entangled States and Quantum Gate Operations in Cavity QED

We propose a scheme for controllably entangling the ground states of five-state W-type atoms confined in a cavity and realizing swap gate and phase gate operations. In this scheme the cavity is only virtually excited and the atomic excited states are almost not occupied, so the produced entangled states and quantum logic operations are very robust against the cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission.     

连续变量量子离物传态的实验研究

利用单个Ⅱ类相位匹配OPA产生的双模压缩态实现连续变量压缩纠缠态，完成了连续变量量 子离物传态. Ⅱ类相位匹配OPA参量反放大过程可以实现正交振幅反关联、正交位相关联的 压缩纠缠态，这不同于一般运转于阈值以下的OPO产生的正交振幅关联、正交位相反关联的 压缩纠缠态，可以采用直接平衡测量的方法完成Bell态测量. 利用双KTP补偿非线性过程的 离散效应，获得了最大压缩大于2dB的双模压缩纠缠态，实现保真度06，考虑到探测效率 实际保真度为057. 这种方案简化了测量方法与纠缠光源产生装置，有利于进行量子通信 的实验研究与应用. 同时，讨论了探测过程中的一些非理想因素. 关键词： 量子离物传态 压缩纠缠态 Bell态测量     

Multi-hybrid method for investigation of EM scattering from inhomogeneous object above a dielectric rough surface

An iterative strategy combining Kirchhoff approximation(KA) with the hybrid finite element-boundary integral(FE-BI) method is presented in this paper to study the interactions between the inhomogeneous object and the underlying rough surface.KA is applied to study scattering from underlying rough surfaces,whereas FE-BI deals with scattering from the above target.Both two methods use updated excitation sources.Huygens equivalence principle and an iterative strategy are employed to consider the multi-scattering effects.This hybrid FE-BI-KA scheme is an improved and generalized version of previous hybrid Kirchhoff approximation-method of moments(KA-MoM).This newly presented hybrid method has the following advantages:(1) the feasibility of modeling multi-scale scattering problems(large scale underlying surface and small scale target);(2) low memory requirement as in hybrid KA-MoM;(3) the ability to deal with scattering from inhomogeneous(including coated or layered) scatterers above rough surfaces.The numerical results are given to evaluate the accuracy of the multi-hybrid technique;the computing time and memory requirements consumed in specific numerical simulation of FE-BI-KA are compared with those of MoM.The convergence performance is analyzed by studying the iteration number variation caused by related parameters.Then bistatic scattering from inhomogeneous object of different configurations above dielectric Gaussian rough surface is calculated and the influences of dielectric compositions and surface roughness on the scattering pattern are discussed.     

池水瞬态闪蒸时间的实验研究

实验研究了过热度、初始水温及水位高度对方腔内池水瞬态闪蒸时间的影响.实验条件为:水位高度40 mm、60mm、100 mm,初始水温36～88℃,过热度2.1～48℃.实验结果表明:过热度及水位高度是影响闪蒸时间的主要因素,过热度及水位高度越大,闪蒸时间越长;过热度相同时,初始水温对闪蒸时间的影响很小.通过对实验数据分析,拟合出瞬态闪蒸时间的计算关联式.     

不同燃烧当量比对二甲醚燃烧的影响研究

利用分子束质谱结合真空紫外同步辐射光电离技术研究了低压层流预混二甲醚/氧气/氩气火焰.通过测量火焰物种的离子信号强度随燃烧炉位置的关系曲线,计算了主要火焰物种的摩尔分数曲线.分析了燃料当量比(φ)为0.8,1.0和1.5时主要火焰物种的摩尔分数曲线,阐述了燃烧当量比对低压层流预混二甲醚/氧气/氩气火焰化学结构的影响.研究为进一步认识二甲醚燃烧提供了实验数据.     

氟化钡晶体电注入着色临界温度及光谱特性

利用用自行研制的电注入实验装置,对氟化钡晶体进行电注入并使之有效着色. 由基本理论得到氟化钡晶体电注入临界温度,着色氟化钡晶体产生大量F和FA色心. 研究结果表明,经电注入氟化钡晶体,F色心首先在阴极附近产生,而且室温下F色心很不稳定.     

Neutron halos in the excited states for N=127 isotones

Properties of the ground states and the excited states of N=127 isotones are investigated by using the nonlinear relativistic mean field theory with the interactions PK1. By analyzing the rms of proton and neutron, the single particle energies of valence nucleon and the density distributions of neutron, proton and the last neutron, it can be found that there exists a neutron halo in the excited states of 3d5/2, 4s1/2 and 3d3/2 in 209Pb. It is also predicted that there exists a neutron halo in the excited states of 3d5/2, 4s1/2 and 3d3/2 in 207Hg, 208Tl, 210Bi and 211Po.