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21.
When a time harmonic electromagnetic wave impinges on a slaba certain portion of the wave creates heat within the slab throughdipolar and ohmic heating. The electrical and thermal propertiesof the material dictate the dynamical nature of the heatingprocess, as well as the steady-state temperature profile. Thematerial considered here is a slab of fluid. We consider thecase where the fluid is bounded by thin rigid layers of transparentmaterial. The steady-state heating profile governs the typesof convective motions that can occur and also affects the stabilitycharacteristics of temperature, pressure and velocity perturbationsintroduced in the slab. The main objective here is to examinesuch stability characteristics, initially in the linear regime.Both rigid-rigid and rigid-free configurations are considered. 相似文献
22.
G.A. Shafeev E.D. Obraztsova S.M. Pimenov 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1997,65(1):29-32
2 O, (CH3)2SO). Diamond samples are virtually transparent at this wavelength, and the coupling of laser radiation to diamond is via the
formation of a thin graphitized layer at the diamond surface. The etching rate in liquid media is slightly higher than in
air at otherwise equal conditions and is as high as 50 μm/s for etching with a scanning laser beam. Raman spectra measurements
carried out on diamond samples etched in air show the presence of glassy carbon on the surface, whereas for samples etched
in a liquid the diamond peak at 1332 cm-1 dominates with significantly lower intensity of the glassy carbon peak. Electroless copper deposition on the laser-etched
features is studied to compare the catalytic activity of the diamond surface etched in air with that etched in liquids. Possible
mechanisms responsible for the observed difference both in the structure of the etched area and in the electroless Cu deposition
onto the surface etched in various media (air or liquids) are discussed.
Received: 2 August 1996/Accepted: 7 January 1997 相似文献
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Oriented semiconductor structures are produced by laser irradiation of transparent-dielectric—semiconductor interfaces, provided the laser beam intensity is sufficient to melt the semiconductor. The orientation of the structure coincides with that of the initial semiconductor, and does not depend on the orientation of the transparent substrate. Monocrystalline stripes (30 m width) of GaAs and of Ge are formed on sapphire and glass. 相似文献
26.
Leeuwenburgh MA Litjens RE Codee JD Overkleeft HS van der Marel GA van Boom JH 《Organic letters》2000,2(9):1275-1277
[formula: see text] Tributyltin radical mediated cyclization of carbohydrate-derived beta-(alkynyloxy)acrylates leading to highly functionalized cis- and trans-fused bicyclic ethers of various ring sizes is described. The efficacy of the radical cyclization is nicely illustrated in the iterative construction of a trans-fused tricyclic tetrahydropyran. 相似文献
27.
2-Polyfluoroalkylchromene-4(4H)-thiones, synthesized from 2-polyfluoroalkylchromones and P2S5, react with aniline, phenylhydrazines, and hydroxylamine at the C(4) atom and afford corresponding anils, phenylhydrazones, and oximes of chromones. On heating in alcohol in the presence of concentrated HCl, chromone phenylhydrazones and oximes undergo ring closure to form 3-(2-hydroxyaryl)-1-phenyl-5-polyfluoroalkylpyrazoles and 5-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyaryl)-5-polyfluoroalkyl-Δ2-isoxazolines.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2188–2195, October, 2004. 相似文献
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A.A. Lyalin A.V. Simakin G.A. Shafeev E.N. Loubnin 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1999,68(3):373-376
6 H5CH3, C6H6, and C6H5CH(CH3)2) to pulsed visible laser radiation of a copper vapor laser (λ=510.6 nm). The X-ray Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES), reflection
high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), and Raman analysis are employed to characterize the deposited films. The sp3 fraction in deposited films amounts to 60–70% and depends on the precursor. The average film thickness on a glass substrate
is about 100 nm. The films show excellent adherence, are transparent in the visible and have microhardness of 50–70 GPa, as
measured by nanoindentor.
Received: 28 September 1998 / Accepted: 13 January 1999 相似文献
30.
P.V. Kazakevich G.A. Shafeev G. Viau F. Bozon-Verduraz 《Applied Surface Science》2007,253(19):7831-7834
Experimental results are presented on laser-assisted fragmentation of gold-containing nanoparticles suspended in liquids (either ethanol or water). Two kinds of nanoparticles are considered: (i) elongated Au nanorods synthesized by laser ablation of a gold target immersed in liquid phase; (ii) gold-covered NiCo nanorods with high aspect ratio (θ ∼ 10) synthesized by wet chemistry processes. The shape selectivity induced by laser fragmentation of these nanorods is gained via tuning the wavelength of laser radiation into different parts of the spectrum of their plasmon resonance corresponding to different aspect ratios θ. Fragmentation is performed using three laser wavelengths, involving a Cu vapour laser (510 and 578 nm) and a Nd:YAG (1064 nm). Nanoparticles are characterized by UV-vis spectrometry, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The effect of laser pulse duration (nanosecond against picosecond range) is also studied in the case of fragmentation with an IR laser radiation. 相似文献