Isotopic dependence of the caloric curve

Isotopic effects in projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies have been studied with the ALADIN forward spectrometer at SIS. Stable and radioactive Sn and La beams with an incident energy of 600 MeV per nucleon have been used in order to explore a wide range of isotopic compositions. Chemical freeze-out temperatures are found to be nearly invariant with respect to the A/Z ratio of the produced spectator sources, consistent with predictions for expanded systems. Consequences for the proposed interpretation of chemical breakup temperatures as representing the limiting temperatures predicted by microscopic models are discussed.     

Universal fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions in the Fermi energy domain

We discuss the scaling laws of both the charged fragments multiplicity n fluctuations and the charge of the largest fragment Z(max) fluctuations for Xe + Sn collisions in the range of bombarding energies between 25A MeV and 50A MeV. We show at E(lab) > or similar to 32 MeV/A the transition in the fluctuation regime of Z(max) which is compatible with the transition from the ordered to disordered phase of excited nuclear matter. The size (charge) of the largest fragment is closely related to the order parameter characterizing this process.     

Radial oscillations of neutron stars in strong magnetic fields

The eigen frequencies of radial pulsations of neutron stars are calculated in a strong magnetic field. At low densities we use the magnetic BPS equation of state (EOS) similar to that obtained by Lai and Shapiro while at high densities the EOS obtained from the relativistic nuclear mean field theory is taken and extended to include strong magnetic field. It is found that magnetized neutron stars support higher maximum mass whereas the effect of magnetic field on radial stability for observed neutron star masses is minimal.     

Evolution of the fusion cross-section for light systems at intermediate energies

Ar + Ni and Ni + Ni collisions are investigated between 32 and around 100A MeV incident energy with the 4π multidetector INDRA. Fusion cross-sections are found to decrease from ∼ 180mb at 32A MeV to zero above 50A MeV. Other experimental results, for light systems, are compared. Moreover, theoretical works are discussed and fusion cross-sections, calculated from two dynamical simulations based on nuclear Boltzmann equation (Boltzmann-Nordheim-Vlasov and Landau-Vlasov models), are also compared to experimental results.     

Ueber die Nessler'sche Ammoniakprobe

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Analytical methods applied to diverse types of Brazilian propolis

Propolis is a bee product, composed mainly of plant resins and beeswax, therefore its chemical composition varies due to the geographic and plant origins of these resins, as well as the species of bee. Brazil is an important supplier of propolis on the world market and, although green colored propolis from the southeast is the most known and studied, several other types of propolis from Apis mellifera and native stingless bees (also called cerumen) can be found. Propolis is usually consumed as an extract, so the type of solvent and extractive procedures employed further affect its composition. Methods used for the extraction; analysis the percentage of resins, wax and insoluble material in crude propolis; determination of phenolic, flavonoid, amino acid and heavy metal contents are reviewed herein. Different chromatographic methods applied to the separation, identification and quantification of Brazilian propolis components and their relative strengths are discussed; as well as direct insertion mass spectrometry fingerprinting.Propolis has been used as a popular remedy for several centuries for a wide array of ailments. Its antimicrobial properties, present in propolis from different origins, have been extensively studied. But, more recently, anti-parasitic, anti-viral/immune stimulating, healing, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic activities of diverse types of Brazilian propolis have been evaluated. The most common methods employed and overviews of their relative results are presented.     

Eine Weitere Methode Der Bakteriologischen Luftuntersuchung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ueber die Analyse von Trinkwassern

Ohne Zusammenfassung