非平衡晶化控制水滑石晶粒尺寸

本文采用非平衡晶化法通过在晶化后期补加原料合成了一系列不同晶粒尺寸的水滑石（LDH）样品,研究表明：非平衡晶化法可在一定范围内调控LDH的粒径,所合成的LDH样品组成稳定,晶体结构完整。     

荧光分析法测定痕量铬(Ⅵ)

拟定了一个测定痕量铬（Ⅵ）的新的荧光分析法。在硫酸介质中,铬能氧化吡咯红Y。使其荧光猝灭,方法的检出限为2．2μg/L,线性范围为8．0－88μg/L。本法用于电镀废液、电镀液、合金钢中痕量Cr(Ⅵ）的测定,结果满意。     

四苯硼阴离子电子结构的理论研究

分别应用半经验发子轨道理论的AM1方法和在HF／3－21G水平上的从头算分子轨道法,对四苯硼阴离子的电子结构进行了研究。采用解析梯度技术对四苯硼阴离子的平衡态几何构型进行了全优化,得到了分子轨道、电荷布居、静电势以及红外光谱和紫外光谱等参数,计算结果表明：四苯硼阴离子的静电势分布均匀,其前线轨道能级间隔为12．1398eV,利用组态相互作用法得到的紫外光谱跃迁吸收峰主要位于远紫外区,说明四苯硼离子比较稳定,从头算法得到的红外光谱吸收峰分布与实验结果一致,AM1法得到的红外吸收频率与实验值更接近。     

Graphene–Au composite sensor for electrochemical detection of para-nitrophenol

A novel electrochemical sensor for para-nitrophenol (p-NP) was constructed with graphene–Au composite containing 10 % Au (G–Au 10 %). In the composite, Au nanoparticles with the size of ca. 11 nm were regularly scattered on graphene sheet without aggregation, which offers dramatically higher electrocatalytic activity on the redox of K₃[Fe(CN)₆]/K₄[Fe(CN)₆] couple than sole Au nanoparticles. Compared to sole Au nanoparticles, the G–Au 10 % also exhibited dramatically improved electrocatalytic activity on the reduction of p-NP. Amperometric detection of p-NP at G–Au 10 % modified electrode displayed a wide linear range of 0.47–10.75 mM with detection limit of 0.47 μM and a high sensitivity of 52.85 μA/mM. Considering the thrifty in utilization of noble Au, the G–Au 10 % can be successfully applied as a low-cost and powerful sensing material for trace detection of p-NP.     

POSS基树枝状大分子的合成与应用

树枝状大分子(dendrimer)是一种高度支化、纳米尺度的人工合成大分子,具有独特的物理化学性能和重要的应用前景。利用具有8个可官能化顶点的多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)作为树枝状大分子的核心,可在一定程度上简化树枝状大分子繁琐的合成与分离过程,在低代数时就可获得较大的表面官能团密度,并使树枝状分子呈现球形对称结构。POSS基树枝状大分子结合了POSS和树枝状分子结构与性能的优势,是一类极具潜力的有机-无机纳米杂化材料。本文综述了近年来POSS基树枝状大分子的最新研究成果,介绍了具有代表性的POSS基树枝状大分子的合成方法以及它们在催化剂、生物材料、液晶材料和发光材料等领域的应用研究进展,并对该新型材料的发展趋势做了展望。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Cationic Glycidyl-Based Poly(aminoester)-Folic Acid Targeting Conjugates and Study on Gene Delivery

A new poly(aminoester) (EPAE-FA) containing folic acid and amino groups in the backbone and side chain was synthesized. EPAE-FA self-assembled readily with the plasmid DNA (pCMV-βgal) in HEPES buffer and was characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, fluorescence images, and XTT cell viability assays. To evaluate the transfection effect of graft ratio of FA on the EPAE system, EPAE-FA polymers with two different graft ratios (EPAE-FA12k and EPAE-FA14k) were also prepared. This study found that all EPAE-FA polymers were able to bind plasmid DNA and yielded positively charged complexes with nano-sized particles ( < 200 nm). To assess the transfection efficiency mediated by EPAE and EPAE-FA polymers, we performed in vitro transfection activity assays using FR-negative (COS-7) and FR-positive (HeLa) cells. The EPAE-FA12k/DNA and EPAE-FA14k/DNA complexes were able to transfect HeLa cell in vitro with higher transfection efficiency than PEI25k/DNA at the similar weight ratio. These results demonstrated that the introduction of FA into EPAE system had a significant effect on transferring ability for FR-positive cells (HeLa). Examination of the cytotoxicity of PEI25k and EPAE-FA system revealed that EPAE-FA system had lower cytotoxicity. In this paper, EPAE-FA seemed to be a novel cationic poly(aminoester) for gene delivery and an interesting candidate for further study.     

Chemical profiling of constituents of Smilacis glabrae using ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry

A reliable LC-MS method has been applied for the separation and identification of major constituents of the rhizome of Smilacis glabrae. Identification of the constituents was carried out by interpretation of their retention time, and MS and MS/MS data, especially by comparing these with Sarcandra glabra under the same LC-MS conditions, as well as the data provided by the literature. Thirty-three compounds, including catechin derivatives, flavanonols, phenolic acid derivatives and phenylpropanoid glycosides were either identified or tentatively characterized. Among them, compound 12 was deduced to be a new phenylpropanoid-substituted catechin. Fragmentation behaviors of the three major categories of compounds were also investigated. This UPLC-PDA/ESI-MS(n) method was effective for the separation and identification of the constituents and could be the basis for the comprehensive quality control of Smilacis glabrae.     

一类新型酯类离子液体的合成

以氯乙酸乙酯和氮杂环化合物(1-甲基咪唑、吡啶、N-乙基哌啶、N-甲基吗啉)为原料, 采用两步法合成了一类新型的酯类离子液体, 对合成的12个化合物进行了元素分析, ¹H NMR谱和一些物理性质的测定. 大多数化合物的熔点低于100 ℃, 为室温离子液体. 所合成离子液体的热稳定范围都比较宽, 性质稳定.     

稀土-沸石-TiO2三元体系光催化材料的性能研究

以钛酸丁酯、稀土硝酸盐、斜发沸石为主要原料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了稀土-沸石-TiO2三元体系的光催化剂.使用IR,TG-DSC,XRD,SEM等手段对样品进行了表征; 以甲基橙为目标物,太阳光为光源,用光解率对光催化剂性能进行了评价.实验表明,随着沸石负载TiO2量的增加,光催化剂的3 h光解率也逐渐提高; 反应体系的温度越高,光解率越大; 当溶液pH约等于5时,光解率达到最大.     

钌(II)多吡啶配合物与DNA相互作用研究*

DNA是遗传信息的携带者和基因表达的物质基础,金属配合物与DNA的相互作用研究已受到广泛关注,成为生物无机化学的重要研究内容之一。本文简要评述了钌(II)多吡啶配合物在DNA识别、断裂及拓扑异构酶抑制方面的研究情况。