A Practical System for High-Throughput Screening of Mutants of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus fastidiosus</Emphasis> Uricase

For high-throughput screening (HTS) of Bacillus fastidiosus uricase mutants, a practical system was proposed. By error-prone PCR with final 1.5 mM MnCl₂, two focused libraries of mutants for A1-V158 and V150-D212 were generated separately. After induced expression of individual clones in 48-well microplates, Escherichia coli cells (BL21) were lyzed by 1.0 M Tris-HCl at pH 9.0 in 96-well microplates at 25 °C for 7.5 ~ 10.5 h; uricase reaction was continuously monitored with 0.15 mM uric acid in 96-well plates by absorbance at 298 nm to estimate V _m/K _m by kinetic analysis of reaction curve for comparison. V _m/K _m was resistant to initial uric acid levels with an upper limit 3-fold over that of initial rates. By receiver-operator-characteristic analysis of the recognition of the one of higher activity in uricase pair whose specific activity ratio was 1.8 or 3.3, the area-under-the-curve was comparable to that with cell lysates prepared by sonication treatment. A cutoff for the maximum Youden index was thus developed to recognize positive mutants of 1-fold higher activity. Indeed, mutant L171I/Y182F/Y187F/A193S of higher activity but lower thermostability at pH 7.4 and mutant V144A of higher activity and consistent thermostability were discovered. Therefore, the proposed system was practical for HTS of uricase mutants.     

Br~-掺杂Bi_2WO_6的水热法合成及其可见光催化性能

以Bi(NO_3)_3·5H_2O和Na_2WO_4·2H_2O为主要原料,采用水热法合成了纯相Bi_2WO_6,并对其进行非金属离子Br-掺杂改性。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS、Raman、PL和DRS研究了Br~-掺杂对Bi_2WO_6的物相结构、形貌和可见光催化性能的影响。结果表明,Br-掺杂可有效提高Bi_2WO_6的可见光催化性能,当掺杂量(物质的量百分数)为8%时,溴掺杂Bi_2WO_6的光催化性能最好,可见光照射40 min后,可降解96.73%的罗丹明-B,与未掺杂Bi_2WO_6相比,其降解率提高了36.32%。     

VERIFICATION OF SMOM AND QMOM POPULATION BALANCE MODELING IN CFD CODE USING ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR BATCH PARTICULATE PROCESSES

For many processes of industrial significance, due to the strong coupling between particle interactions and fluid dynamics, the population balance must be solved as part of a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） simulation. In this work, a CFD based population balance model is tested using a batch crystallization reactor. In this CFD model, the population balance is solved by the standard method of moments （SMOM） and the quadrature method of moments （QMOM）. The results of these simulations are compared to analytical solutions for the population balance in a batch tank where 1） nucleation, 2） growth, 3） aggregation, and 4） breakage are taking place separately. The results of these comparisons show that the first 6 moments of the population balance are accurately predicted for nucleation, growth, aggregation and breakage at all times.     

用LDV系统测量转盘萃取塔内流场

本文应用激光多普勒测速仪对二种转盘萃取塔模型进行切向速度、轴向速度和湍流度测量。实验结果表明，在ＲＤＣ是切向速度比较大，因而有较大的搅拌效果，它的内部流场比较均匀稳定，有利于传质，所以ＲＤＣ是广泛应用于化学工业中的一种液－液萃取设备。     

弹塑性板壳结构非线性有限元分析

本文根据塑性流动理论的基本公式，由隐式积分导出了与路径无关的变量更新算法和一致切线模量。采用单元广义应力应变直接离散塑性流动定律，构造了杂交应力单元一致切线刚度矩阵的显式表达式，编制了结构有限元程序ＳＡＦＥ，数值算例表明：本文的计算方法和计算程序是正确可靠的，可用于弹塑性板壳结构的非线性分析，计算结果屈曲临界载荷和极限承载能力。     

Experimental and theoretical study of the nonlinear response of agiant magnetostrictive rod

In this paper, a magnetomechanical coupling constitutive relation of the giant magnetostrictive material was investigated experimentally and theoretically. A grain-oriented magnetostrictive rod of iron and rare earth was tested under a combined magnetomechanical loading. Two types of experimental curves were obtained, i.e., the magnetostrictive curve of the extensional strain vs the magnetic field, and the curve of the magnetic polarization intensity vs the pre-stress. A new theoretical constitutive model, based on the density of domain switching, is developed. Comparison of the theoretical predictions with the experimental results indicates that this model can capture the main characteristics of the magnetoelastic coupling deformation of a giant magnetostrictive rod. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10025209, 10132010, 10102007)     

Approximate solutions for the shear center of plates of variable thickness

Summary In a plate-theoretical formulation of the shear center problem, the relevant boundary-value problem is for a cantilevered rectangular plate of variable thickness with two free opposite edges and with the edge opposite to the clamped end subject to a rigid vertical displacement and free of bending moment. For plates with Poisson's ratiov equal to zero, there is an exact elementary solution for this boundary-value problem from which the exact location of the shear center can be calculated. When Poisson's ratio is not zero, an approximate elementary solution may be obtained within the framework of a Saint-Venant flexure solution for plates by satisfying the displacement boundary conditions at the clamped edge approximately. Different forms of this approximation are discussed in [7], some with rather marked Poisson's ratio effects. Among these, the minimum complementary energy approach of [6] gives a shear center location identical to the exact solution forv=O.A generalized beam theory developed in [6] is implemented here to delineate the effect ofv without altering the edge conditions by ad hoc approximations. The results show that the Poisson's ratio effect is rather moderate and the shear center location is nearly the same as that for zero Poisson's ratio. A finite element solution for the plate theory boundary-value problem confirms this finding.The generalized beam equations are also used to study the effect of the aspect ratio of the plate and orthotropy on the location of the shear center.

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Näherungslösungen für den Schubmittelpunkt von Platten veränderlicher Dicke

Übersicht In der plattentheoretischen Formulierung des Schubmittelpunktproblems [6] betrifft die relevante Randwertaufgabe eine rechteckige Kragplatte mit veränderlicher Dicke in Querrichtung, mit einer Lastverteilung, welche eine gleichförmige Durchbiegung am belasteten Rand erzeugt.Die vorliegende Arbeit implementiert eine Näherungslösung dieses Problems in der Form einer verallgemeinerten Balkentheorie zwölfter Ordnung, welche Verwölbung sowie auch anticlastische Krümmung berücksichtigt [6]. Das Ziel ist, den quantitativen Einfluß der Poissonschen Zahl und auch den der Orthotropie zu bestimmen.Die Resultate zeigen, daß der Einfluß der Poissonschen Zahl, welcher in der bekannten näherungsweisen Bestimmung mit Hilfe des Variationsprinzips für Spannungen vollkommen verschwindet, in der Tat sehr gering ist, insbesondere im Vergleich mit den Folgen einer Anwendung der St.-Venantschen Biegetheorire zusammen mit einer klassischen Stipulierung bezüglich des Verschiebungsfeldes am Schwerpunkt der Querschnittsfläche. Darüber hinausgehend wird gezeigt, daß die numerischen Werte nur unwesentlich von Unterschieden zwischen Isotropie und Orthotropie beeinflußt sind.Die obigen Resultate werden durch die Ableitung und Anwendung einer Balkentheorie sechzehnter Ordnung und durch Rechnungen mit Hilfe von Finiten Elementen bestätigt.

     

Cholesterol-substituted Tetrathiafulvalene(TTF)Compound:Formation of Organogel and Supramolecular Chirality

A new tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivative with two cholesterol units (compound 1 ) was synthesized and characterized. Gelation of n‐hexane occurred after the hot solution of 1 was subjected to ultrasonic treatment for a few minutes. The resulting organogel was characterized with SEM, XRD and AFM. Besides heating the gel‐sol transition also occurred upon addition of I₂ which can oxidize the TTF unit in 1 . This result provides a new example of organogels responding to redox reactions. Interestingly, gelation‐induced CD signals were observed and the CD signals can be tuned with the gel‐sol transition which can be effected by heating and chemical reaction with I₂.     

A novel soluble polyamide containing xanthene structure and trifluoromethylphenoxy pendent

<正>A novel polyamide containing xanthene structure and trifluoromethylphenoxy pendent was prepared from 9,9-bis[4-(4- aminophenoxy)phenyl]xanthene,a novel diamine with 2-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)terephthaloyl chloride,by the low temperature polycondensation.This new polyamide with the inherent viscosity of 0.95 dL/g was amorphous and readily soluble in polar solvents such as DMAc,m-cresol,etc.This polyamide showed the glass transition temperature(T_g) of 236℃,decomposition temperature (Td) at 5%weight loss of 455℃and char yield of 56%at 800℃in N_2.Transparent,flexible,and tough film of the polymer cast from DMAc solution exhibited tensile strength of 93 MPa,elongation at break of 14%,initial moduli of 2.2 GPa.The electric properties such as the dielectric constant of 3.03(1 MHz) and surface resistance(2.78×10~(14)Ω),and the moisture uptake of 1.36% were also described.     

铈修饰的硼铝酸铜催化邻乙基苯胺脱氢环化制备吲哚的催化性能

硼铝酸铜催化剂(CuAB)在吲哚制备过程中存在易积碳和还原的缺点,通过添加铈助剂来改善该催化剂的抗还原性能.通过BET、XRD、H2-TPR、XPS表征表明,铈助剂的添加对催化剂的主体晶相没有改变,但显著增强了复合氧化物的抗还原能力,降低了催化剂的失活速度.采用2%Ce修饰量、空速为0.75 h-1、水油比(摩尔比)为6∶1的条件下,较未添加助剂改性的催化剂转化率提高11.81%,选择性提高6.47%.