Transfer of Au Cusp-clusters on Si(111) 7×7 surfaces from a pure Au tip of a scanning tunneling microscope

Received: 16 August 1996/Accepted: 6 March 1997     

Synthesis and properties of new soluble triphenylamine‐based aromatic poly(amine amide)s derived from N,N′‐bis(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐N,N′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine

A new triphenylamine‐containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid, N,N′‐bis(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐N,N′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine, was synthesized by the condensation of N,N′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine with 4‐fluorobenzonitrile, followed by the alkaline hydrolysis of the intermediate dinitrile compound. A series of novel triphenylamine‐based aromatic poly(amine amide)s with inherent viscosities of 0.50–1.02 dL/g were prepared from the diacid and various aromatic diamines by direct phosphorylation polycondensation. All the poly(amine amide)s were amorphous in nature, as evidenced by X‐ray diffractograms. Most of the poly(amine amide)s were quite soluble in a variety of organic solvents and could be solution‐cast into transparent, tough, and flexible films with good mechanical properties. They had useful levels of thermal stability associated with glass‐transition temperatures up to 280 °C, 10% weight‐loss temperatures in excess of 575 °C, and char yields at 800 °C in nitrogen higher than 60%. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 94–105, 2003     

黏性指进的实验与模拟

利用简易装置观察了黏性指进现象,使用照相机拍摄多种黏性指进分形图形,测量了分形维数,并采用数值模拟中的随机模拟演示了黏性指进图形.     

拓扑遍历与拓扑双重遍历

令X为紧致度量空间,f:X→X为连续映射,U,V为X的任意非空开集,若{n>0|fn(U)∩V≠ )为正上密度集,则称f拓扑遍历.f拓扑双重遍历意味着f×f拓扑遍历.本文在[2]的基础上进一步讨论拓扑遍历与拓扑双重遍历映射的性质.     

GRAIN SIZE DEPENDENT MAGNETISM IN GRANULAR MANGANESE PEROVSKITE La0.82Sr0.18MnO3

La_0.82Sr_0.18MnO₃ have been investigated. With grain growth, both an evident decrease of magnetization and the lattice distortions have been simultaneously observed. The phenomenon suggests a structure-coupled change of magnetism in the hole-doped manganese perovskite.     

An Efficient Way for Glycosylation of Spirostanol

Using thioglycosides as donors, trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) and N-iodosuccinimide(NIS) as promoter, a modified procedure for the glycosylation of spirostanol was developed. A series of saponins were synthesized in mild condition with excellent yields.     

Synthesis and characterization of organotin complexes with dithiocarbamates and crystal structures of (4‐NCC6H4CH2)2Sn(S2CNEt2)2 and (2‐ClC6H4CH2)2 Sn(Cl)S2CNBz2

Ten organotin derivatives with dithiocarbamates of the formulae (4‐NCC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn(S₂CNEt₂)₂ (1), (4‐NCC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn(S₂CNBz₂)₂ (2), (4‐NCC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn[S₂CN(CH₂CH₂)₂NCH₃]₂ (3), (2‐ClC₆H₄CH₂)₂ Sn(S₂CNEt₂)₂ (4), (2‐ClC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn(S₂CNBz₂)₂ (5), (4‐NCC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn(Cl)S₂CNEt₂ (6), (4‐NCC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn(Cl)S₂CNBz₂ (7), (4‐NCC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn(Cl)S₂CN(CH₂CH₂)₂NCH₃ (8), (2‐ClC₆H₄CH₂)₂ Sn(Cl)S₂CNEt₂ (9) and (2‐ClC₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn(Cl)S₂CNBz₂ (10) have been prepared. All complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR and NMR. The crystal structures of complexes 1 and 10 were determined by X‐ray single crystal diffraction. For complex 1, the central tin atom exists in a skew‐trapezoidal planar geometry defined by two asymmetrically coordinated dithiocarbamate ligands and two 4‐cyanobenzyl groups. In addition, because of the presence of close intermolecular non‐bonded contacts, complex 1 is a weakly‐bridged dimer. In complex 10, the central tin atom is rendered pentacoordinated in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration by coordinating with S atoms derived from the dithiocarbamate ligand. In vitro assays for cytotoxicity against five human tumor cell lines (MCF‐7, EVSA‐T, WiDr, IGROV and M226) furnished the significant toxicities of the title complexes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Assembling Synthesis of ZnSe Orthohexagonal Slices through Emulsion Liquid Membrane System of Gas-liquid Transport

Orthohexagonal slices assembled by ZnSe quantum dots were synthesized through emulsion liquid membrane system. These orthohexagonal slices were 1.5-3.5 μm in side length and were self-assembled by ZnSe quantum dots of 2-3 nm. It was proposed the surfactant molecules on ZnSe quantum dots played a key role in the self-assembly process.     

Tetrahydrofuran Activation Assisted Synthesis of Nanosized Lithium Niobate and Lithium Tantalate

Black solid precursors obtained from reactions between MCl₅ (M = Nb, Ta) and alkyllithiums, n‐butyllithium (ⁿBuLi) and ethyllithium (EtLi), in tetrahydrofuran (THF) were heat treated under vacuum at 673–973 K to form nano‐sized particles (20–100 nm in diameter) of lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃). Stoichiometry of the reactants is critical and affects the phases of the products. Based on the volatile byproducts detected, a reaction pathway involving the activation of THF by alkyllithiums is proposed to be important for the formation of LiNbO₃ and LiTaO₃ precursors.     

Field-induced functions of porous Si as a confined system

Electroluminescent porous Si (PS) diodes exhibit various useful functions under a high-electric field. The experimental PS diodes are composed of thin semitransparent metal films, PS layers (about 500 nm thick in minimum), p- or n-type Si substrates and ohmic back contacts. Definite nonlinear electrical behavior (negative resistance and nonvolatile bistable memory effects) and cold electron emission phenomena appear in these PS diodes associated with the EL emission. Both the negative resistance and memory effects are related to the charging of Si nanocrystallites by field-induced carrier injection. The electron emission observed in the PS diodes formed on n+–Si substrates is caused by hot electrons tunnelling through the top contact. By an appropriate structural control of PS, the effective drift length under a high-field conduction is significantly increased, and then electrons are emitted ballistically. These functions reflect the activity of PS as a nanocrystalline confined system.