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By choosing a dynamical system with d different couplings, one can rearrange a system based on the graph with a given vertex dependent on the dynamical system
elements. The relation between the dynamical elements (coupling) is replaced by a relation between the vertexes. Based on
the E
0 transverse projection operator, we addressed synchronization problem of an array of the linearly coupled map lattices of
identical discrete time systems. The synchronization rate is determined by the second largest eigenvalue of the transition
probability matrix. Algebraic properties of the Bose-Mesner algebra with an associated scheme with definite spectrum has been
used in order to study the stability of the coupled map lattice. Associated schemes play a key role and may lead to analytical
methods in studying the stability of the dynamical systems. The relation between the coupling parameters and the chaotic region
is presented. It is shown that the feasible region is analytically determined by the number of couplings (i.e. by increasing
the number of coupled maps, the feasible region is restricted). It is very easy to apply our criteria to the system being
studied and they encompass a wide range of coupling schemes including most of the popularly used ones in the literature.
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Farhad Ahmadi Maryam Rajabi Forozan Faizi Mehdi Rahimi-Nasrabadi Bozorgmehr Maddah 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(11):1123-1138
Fe3O4-SiO2-C18 paramagnetic nanoparticles have been synthesised and used as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent for the extraction of Zineb from agricultural aqueous samples under ultrasonic condition and quantified through a first-derivative spectrophotometric method. The produced magnetic nanoparticles were characterised by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential reader. The Fe3O4-SiO2-C18 paramagnetic nanoparticles had spherical structures with diameters in the range of 198–201 nm. Further, MSPE was performed by dispersion of Fe3O4-SiO2-C18 paramagnetic nanoparticles in a buffered aqueous solution accompanied by sonication. Next, the sorbents were accumulated by applying an external magnetic field and were washed with 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol-dimethyl sulfoxide solution, for the purpose of desorbing the analyte. The extraction conditions (sample pH, washing and elution solutions, amount of sorbents, time of extraction, sample volume and effect of diverse ions), as well as Zineb-PAR first-order derivative spectra, were also evaluated. The calibration curve of the method was linear in the concentration range of 0.055–24.3 mg L?1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.991. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values were 0.022 and 0.055 mg L?1, respectively. The precision of the method for 0.27 mg L?1 solution of the analyte was found to be less than 3.2%. The recoveries of three different concentrations (0.27, 1.37 and 13.7 mg L?1) obtained 98.3%, 98.5% and 96.0%, respectively. The proposed Fe3O4-SiO2-C18 paramagnetic nanoparticles were found to have the capability of reusing for 7.0 times. 相似文献
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Shaheen Faizi Humaira Siddiqi Aneela Naz Samina Bano Lubna 《Helvetica chimica acta》2010,93(3):466-481
An H/D exchange process in patuletin ( 1 ) and its derivatives in D‐donor solvents (e.g., CF3COOD), which occurs regioselectively at C(8) was observed for the first time during NMR studies. The effect of substituents and temperature on the deuteration of various flavonoids (see Fig. 1) which include apigenin, chrysin, galangin, kaempferol, luteolin, morin, myricetin, patuletin, patulitrin, and quercetin, as well as derivatives of patuletin was examined extensively under NMR conditions. The rate constant of deuteration at C(8) of patuletin ( 1 ) and two flavones, luteolin ( 3 ) and apigenin ( 12 ), was also determined in CF3COOD. The D‐atom was introduced into the flavonoids via a keto–enol tautomerism (Scheme 1). During these studies, monodeuterated patuletin was also obtained as a new compound. The examined flavonoids have been reported to possess significant pharmacological activities, and their deuterated derivatives would be of importance for the identification and quantification of these compounds in biological matrices. 相似文献
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Catalyst‐Free Formal Thioboration to Synthesize Borylated Benzothiophenes and Dihydrothiophenes 下载免费PDF全文
Darius J. Faizi Ashlee J. Davis Fiach B. Meany Prof. Dr. Suzanne A. Blum 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(46):14286-14290
The first ring‐forming thioboration reaction of C?C π bonds is reported. This catalyst‐free method proceeds in the presence of a commercially available external electrophilic boron source (B‐chlorocatecholborane) in good to high yields. The method is scalable and tolerates a variety of functional groups that are intolerant of other major borylation methods. The resulting borylated benzothiophenes participate in a variety of in situ derivatization reactions, showcasing that these borylated intermediates do not need to be isolated prior to downstream functionalization. This methodology has been extended to the synthesis of borylated dihydrothiophenes. Mechanistic experiments suggest that the operative mechanistic pathway is through boron‐induced activation of the alkyne followed by electrophilic cyclization, as opposed to S?B σ bond formation, providing a mechanistically distinct pathway to the thioboration of C?C π bonds. 相似文献
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Shaheen Faizi Fatima Farooqi Aneela Naz Farheen Ansari Shakeel Ahmed Khan 《Tetrahedron》2009,65(5):998-1004
A rare alkaloid, shahidine (1), having an unstable oxazoline core has been isolated as a major constituent from the fresh leaves of Aegle marmelos. It is moisture-sensitive, and found to be the parent compound of aegeline and other amides, however, it is stable in dimethyl sulfoxide. Its structure was established by spectroscopic analysis. Biogenetically, oxazolines may be considered as the precursor of hydroxy amides and oxazoles found in plants. Shahidine (1) showed activity against a few Gram-positive bacteria. 相似文献
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S. P. Detkov V. N. Tokmakov N. A. Orlin K. I. Petrov V. A. Goryunov O. P. Grishenkov N. I. Orlova N. Kh. Faizi Yu. A. Chikin N. A. Slovokhotova V. I. Lukhovitskii V. L. Karpov P. K. Khripunov G. Ya. Belov Kh. K. Furgina Ya. Asrorov A. M. Mavlyanov R. Marupov T. M. Muinov I. Ya. Kalontarov N. A. Prokoshina N. N. Khovratovich 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》1976,24(1):119-123
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From the methanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves, we have isolated three new tetracyclic triterpenoids of biogenetic interest, namely, melianol 1, desfurano-desacetylnimbin-17-one 2 and meliatetraone 3. The structure elucidation is based on extensive spectral studies including 1H–1H-COSY, NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments. 相似文献
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Six oleanane‐type triterpenoid esters were isolated from the golden flowers of Tagetes erecta. Spectral studies characterized their structures as 3‐O‐[(9Z)‐hexadec‐9‐enoyl]erythrodiol ( 1 ), 11α,12α:13β,28‐diepoxyoleanan‐3β‐yl (9Z)‐hexadec‐9‐enoate ( 2 ), 13β,28‐epoxyolean‐11‐en‐3β‐yl (9Z)‐hexadec‐9‐enoate ( 3 ), 28‐hydroxy‐11‐oxoolean‐12‐en‐3β‐yl (9Z)‐hexadec‐9‐enoate ( 4 ), 3‐O‐[(9Z‐hexadec‐9‐enoyl]‐β‐amyrin ( 5 ), and 11‐oxoolean‐12‐en‐3β‐yl (9Z)‐hexadec‐9‐enoate ( 6 ). Compounds 1 – 4 and 6 are new natural products, while the known 5 was isolated for the first time from the genus Tagetes, from which only one triterpenoid has earlier been obtained. Aerial oxidation (autoxidation) converted amyrin 1 into 2 – 4 and transformed amyrin 5 into 6 . The configuration of 1 – 6 and an autoxidation mechanism (Scheme) involving the formation of the intermediate 11α‐hydroxyolean‐12‐ene derivatives 1b and 5b on thermal decomposition of the labile 11α‐OOH derivatives 1a and 5a , respectively, under neutral conditions are discussed. For the first time, the reactivity of the allylic H? C(11) bond of triterpenoids of type 1 and 5 toward aerial oxidation was observed. The long‐chain ester group at C(3) of 1 and 5 may be responsible for their labile nature, as β‐amyrin ( 7 ), erythrodiol ( 8 ), and ursolic acid were found to be inert toward autoxidation. 相似文献