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51.
Floraine Collette Régis Delatouche Christophe Blanquart Fabien Gueugnon Marc Grégoire Philippe Bertrand Valérie Héroguez 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(1):176-189
In this contribution, a versatile approach for the synthesis of functionalized particles for drug delivery is presented, using two nonaggressive standardized procedures. The first procedure considered is the functionalization of an azido‐terminated α‐norbornenyl poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) macromonomer with an alkyne‐containing active molecule via the copper catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition, click type reaction. The functionalized macromonomer is then polymerized by Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) in dispersion to form functionalized particles. The second procedure consists in synthesizing particles by ROMP in dispersed media of norbornene with azido‐terminated α‐norbornenyl PEO macromonomer. The ROMP was initiated by the first generation Grubbs catalyst. Such functionalized core‐shell particles have stealthy properties due to their PEO shell and can be viewed as universal nanocarriers on which any alkyne‐modified active molecule can be grafted by click chemistry. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013 相似文献
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We study the rate of convergence of some recursive procedures based on some “exact” or “approximate” Euler schemes which converge to the invariant measure of an ergodic SDE driven by a Lévy process. The main interest of this work is to compare the rates induced by “exact” and “approximate” Euler schemes. In our main result, we show that replacing the small jumps by a Brownian component in the approximate case preserves the rate induced by the exact Euler scheme for a large class of Lévy processes. 相似文献
54.
Sarah Djabarouti Pierre Duffau Fabien Xuereb Estibaliz Lazaro Carine Greib Jean-Baptiste Gordien Olivier Caubet Marie-Claude Saux Jean-François Viallard Jean-Luc Pellegrin Dominique Breilh 《Chromatographia》2009,70(5-6):939-945
Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for the determination of total and unbound mycophenolic acid and its major metabolite in human plasma has been developed. Sample preparations were based on a fully automated solid-phase extraction process and ultrafiltration. Mass spectrometric data were acquired in a single-ion monitoring method. The analytes and nevirapine (internal standard) were well separated in an isocratic mode over 8 min. Validation study exhibited excellent linearity, with intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy of less than 12%. The assay was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of mycophenolic acid in patients with autoimmune diseases. 相似文献
55.
Marie-Camille Jodin-Caumon Bernard Humbert Nsoki Phambu Fabien Gaboriaud 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2009,72(5):959-964
Lengths, strengths and valences of OH bonds in the two aluminium hydroxides gibbsite and bayerite were determined on the basis of vibrational spectral data. The uncoupled OD stretching modes in the range 2400–2800 cm−1 were recorded by means of infrared diffuse reflectance, thereby avoiding effects of surface, vibrational coupling or particle shape. The assignment of the corresponding Raman spectra resulted in the determination of harmonic wavenumbers, force constants and anharmonicity coefficients of bulk OH groups in the two minerals. OH bond lengths deduced from these data varied from 0.964 Å to 0.975 Å in gibbsite and 0.962 Å to 0.973 Å in bayerite. These lengths appear to correspond to weak H-bonds contrary to previously recognized data from X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction studies. Finally, bond valences were calculated on the basis of these new bond lengths and discussed as a function of crystallographic structures and the nature of hydrogen bonding in these two structures. 相似文献
56.
Fabien Cornillier Fayez F. Boctor Gilbert Laporte Jacques Renaud 《European Journal of Operational Research》2008
In the multi-period petrol station replenishment problem (MPSRP) the aim is to optimize the delivery of several petroleum products to a set of petrol stations over a given planning horizon. One must determine, for each day of the planning horizon, how much of each product should be delivered to each station, how to load these products into vehicle compartments, and how to plan vehicle routes. The objective is to maximize the total profit equal to the revenue, minus the sum of routing costs and of regular and overtime costs. This article describes a heuristic for the MPSRP. It contains a route construction and truck loading procedures, a route packing procedure, and two procedures enabling the anticipation or the postponement of deliveries. The heuristic was extensively tested on randomly generated data and compared to a previously published algorithm. Computational results confirm the efficiency of the proposed methodology. 相似文献
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58.
Luminita Danaila Fabien Anselmet Tongming Zhou 《Flow, Turbulence and Combustion》2004,72(2-4):287-310
For moderate Reynolds numbers, the isotropic relation between second-order and third-order moments for velocity increments (Kolmogorov's equation) is not respected, reflecting a non-negligible correlation between the scales responsible for the injection, transfer and dissipation of the turbulent energy. For (shearless) grid turbulence, there is only one dominant large-scale phenomenon, which is the non-stationarity of statistical moments resulting from the decay of energy downstream of the grid. In this case, the extension of Kolmogorov's analysis, as carried out by Danaila, Anselmet, Zhou and Antonia, J. Fluid Mech. 391, 1999 359-369) is quite straightforward. For shear flows, several large-scale phenomena generally coexist with similar amplitudes. This is particularly the case for wall-bounded flows, where turbulent diffusion and shear effects can present comparable amplitudes. The objective of this work is to quantify, in a fully developed turbulent channel flow and far from the wall, the influence of these two effects on the scale-by-scale energy budget equation. A generalized Kolmogorov equation is derived. Relatively good agreement between the new equation and hot-wire measurements is obtained in the outer region (40 < x + 3 < 150) of the channel flow, for which the turbulent Reynolds number is R λ≈ 36. 相似文献
59.
We report on full-dimensional vibrational quantum dynamics of the highly excited ammonia isotopologue NHD(2) using a newly developed potential energy surface and the MCTDH program package. The calculations allow to realistically simulate an infrared laser induced stereomutation reaction at the pyramidal nitrogen atom in the femtosecond time domain. Our results allow for a thorough qualitative and quantitative understanding of infrared photoinduced stereomutation kinetics, the underlying quantum dynamics, and the reaction mechanisms. Comparison is made with a previous, reduced dimensionality study of the same reaction [R. Marquardt, M. Quack, I. Thanopulos, and D. Luckhaus, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 643 (2003)], and it is shown that slight variances of reduced spaces lead to significantly different kinetics. Because the quantum dynamics depends subtly on variances of reduced spaces, reduced dimensionality treatments are not reliable even for qualitative predictions of the stereomutation kinetics. The first direct comparison between the Multiconfigurational Time Dependent Hartree [M. H. Beck, A. Ja?ckle, G. A. Worth et al., Phys. Rep. 324, 1 (2000)] and Unimolecular Reactions Induced by Monochromatic Infrared Radiation [M. Quack and E. Sutcliffe, QCPE Bulletin 6, 98 (1986)] program packages on a specific, four dimensional quantum dynamical problem allows for their full validation in the present work. 相似文献
60.
Fabien Durola Jean-Pierre Sauvage Oliver S. Wenger 《Coordination chemistry reviews》2010,254(15-16):1748-1759
The use of 8,8′-diaryl-substituted 3,3′-biisoquinolines allows the construction of new multi-component assemblies that are inaccessible with the 2,9-diaryl-substituted 1,10-phenanthroline ligands previously developed by the Sauvage group. This is due to the sterically non-hindering nature of the new chelates, which makes three-component entanglements around octahedral metal centres such as iron(II), cobalt(II) and ruthenium(II) readily possible. Among the newly synthesized molecular assemblies are [3]rotaxanes and [3]pseudorotaxanes in which two molecular strings pass through a single macrocycle, as well as molecular shuttles that exhibit greatly improved shuttling kinetics when compared to previously investigated molecular machines that are based on copper(I)/copper(II) redox chemistry. 相似文献