Specific properties and spatial symmetry group of nonassociative spinor field

On the basis of nonassociative spinor field theory, the specific properties of a nonassociative spinor field are investigated. A new quantum number is introduced: the associator, which is a measure of the nonassociativeness of the field. To calculate the associator and spin in nonassociative algebra, open and closed products are introduced. It is shown that the spin consists of two components: the first half (calculated by the open-product rule) is similar to ordinary spin, while the second half (calculated by the closed-product rule) is attributed to the associator, i.e., is related to shear in the auxiliary isotopic space. The associator basis is expanded to a complete octonion basis, and the Poincaré group of four-dimensional space is expanded to a Poincaré group of eight-dimensional space. It is shown that, from these generators, in the particle rest system, the nonzero independent eigenvalues are: one, the sign of the particle energy, one of the spin components, one of the associator spatial components, and c₇. Tbilisi Medical Institute. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 101–109, October, 1998.     

The role of strange sea quarks on neutrino-nucleus reactions in Superkamiokande and in the supernova r-process

We study the influence of a strange axial vector form factor G_s of the nucleon on the neutrino-induced proton and neutron knockout of ¹⁶O. In particular, we calculate how much G_s≠0 might affect the recently proposed signal for supernova ν_μ and ν_τ neutrinos in the Superkamiokande detector. We discuss whether Superkamiokande might be able to determine the value of G_s in a hypothetical neutrino-beam experiment. Finally we comment on the possible effect G_s≠0 might have on neutrino-nucleus cross sections in the neutrino-driven wind model for the nuclear r-process. Received: 30 April 1998 / Revised version: 10 August 1998     

Towards an universal classification of scale invariant processes

We consider fields which take random values over several decades. Starting from physical examples, we postulate that scale is not an absolute quantity. We then establish the equivalence between two existing approaches based on scale symmetry arguments as general as possible. This yields a classification of log-infinitely divisible laws, possibly universal. The physical significance of the parameters entering in the classification is discussed. Received: 7 November 1997 / Received in final form: 26 March 1998 / Accepted: 30 March 1998     

Rotational Motion of a Solute Molecule in a Highly Viscous Liquid Studied byC NMR: 1,3-Dibromoadamantane in Polymeric Chlorotrifluoroethene

The viscosity-dependent retarding effect of a polymeric solvent on the rotation of small solute molecules is investigated by¹³C NMR relaxation measurements. It is found that the relaxation data of 1,3-dibromoadamantane in highly viscous polymeric chlorotrifluoroethene can be explained neither by isotropic nor by realistic anisotropic tumbling in a single environment. The experimental data are rationalized in terms of fast exchange between at least two environments with correlation times differing by up to two orders of magnitude. The study shows that a uniform retardation of molecular tumbling by a polymeric solvent, desirable for shifting the NMR observation window in studies of intramolecular mobility, is not always feasible.     

The surface electronic structure of Ag8Au4 superlattice

We present the calculations of electronic structure and photoemission spectra for a lattice-matched Ag-Au(111) superlattice. The selfconsistent band structure exhibits a superlattice gap at about 1 eV below the Fermi level. A surface state is found in this gap and its dispersion properties are investigated. Its energy location is varied with location of surface terminating plane within the superlattice period. The calculated normal photoemission spectra explain well available experimental data.     

Fluctuation kinetics of diffusion-controlled processes: Strong effects due to correlations and fluctuations

We summarize some recent results related to fluctuation-induced kinetics of diffusion-controlled processes. We show that kinetic behavior can be drastically changed due to fluctuation effects, spatial correlations between particles, and anomalous transport properties. In addition, we show that correlation-induced kinetics in some systems can govern the temporal evolution over the entire time domain.     

Experimental high-gain quantum-injected optical parametric amplification and multiphoton phase-covariant cloning

We investigate multiphoton states generated by high-gain optical parametric amplification of a single injected photon—polarization encoded as a qubit. The experimental configuration exploits the optimal phase-covariant cloning. The output state of the apparatus is found to exhibit the quantum superposition property of mesoscopic multiphoton assemblies involving about 300 photons. This work represents an experimental advance toward the test of several fundamental quantum processes in mesoscopic or macroscopic frameworks.     

在重力场和磁场影响下自旋刚性航天器的周期运动

考虑重力场和磁场对轴对称航天器本体的影响，研究其质心在圆形轨道上的运动,通过降低系统的运动方程数，并将它变成为一个带电粒子在电磁场作用下的平面运动．确认系统运动是稳定的，并通过Liapunov全纯积分定理，构建其近似的周期运动.     

A turbidimetric method to measure isoelectric points and particles deposition onto massive substrates

A simple experimental approach was developed to determine the adhesion rate of particles onto massive substrate. Turbidimetry measurements are used to follow the evolution of particle concentration in a suspension in dynamic contact with the walls of a vessel made of different materials. This method allows to rapidly obtain qualitative results about the adhesion of metallic oxides particles on massive substrates. Adhesion of particles of charged latex onto glass was used to validate the approach and was shown to be a method to determine isoelectric points (IEP) of massive substrates. Then, the adhesion of an iron oxide (hematite) particles onto several substrates was studied to determine the reactivity of current labware (glass, polypropylene) and on a metal (aluminum) commonly found in industrial fouling problems. Adhesion of hematite was found to be pH-dependant, and occurs only below ca. 6 (glass) or 7 (polypropylene), and above 7 (aluminum). DLVO calculations were performed to model the hematite/water/glass system and are consistent with the experimental results. Experiments at temperature 7–50 °C have shown an increasing of the adhesion rate from 7 to 40 °C, then a constant value until 50 °C.