The development of hydroformylative domino reactions of easily accessible vinyl acetamides is described. Extremely regioselective hydroformylation of terminal double bounds provides a transient N‐acyliminium that can be trapped by various nucleophiles to give several aza‐heterocylic scaffolds in a diastereoselective manner. 相似文献
Phytochemical investigation of the bark and leaves of Pancovia laurentii (Sapindaceae) resulted in the isolation of a new ceramide and a new cerebroside, named pancoviamide ( 1 ), and pancovioside ( 2 ) respectively, together with six known compounds: uracil, (R)‐N‐[(1S,2S,3R)‐2,3‐dihydroxy‐1‐(hydroxymethyl)heptadec‐5‐en‐1‐yl]‐2‐hydroxytetracosanamide, stigmasta‐7,22‐dien‐3‐ol, β‐stitosterol, β‐sitosterol 3‐O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside, and 2,3‐dihydroxypropyl pentadecanoate. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by means of spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested in vitro for their antiprotozoal properties against several protozoa and for their cytotoxicity. 相似文献
Structural transformations induced in gamma and alpha globulins under influence of gamma irradiation using doses of 2.5 and
24 kGy were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG, DTG). Thermal decomposition of the
globulins irradiated in water suspensions occurs at higher temperatures, in comparison to the reference non-irradiated samples.
This was related to formation of covalent linkages in the irradiated proteins, apart to chemical changes induced in amino-acids.
Essential modification of thermal decomposition was detected already after irradiation with a dose of 2.5 kGy performed for
water suspensions. Irradiation of solid native proteins induces decrease in decomposition temperature and gives evidence of
proteins degradation. 相似文献
There have been a number of approaches developed for the catalyzed dehydrogenation of amine–boranes as potential dihydrogen sources for hydrogen storage applications in recent years. Key advances in this area have been recently made thanks to catalytic and stoichiometric studies. In this Minireview, the fate of amine–boranes upon coordination to a metal center is discussed with a particular emphasis on B? H activation pathways. We focus on the few cases in which coordination of the resulting dehydrogenated product could be achieved, which includes the coordination of aminoborane, the simplest unit resulting from dihydrogen release of ammonia–borane. 相似文献
In the last decade, substantial research in the field of post‐plasma grafting surface modification has focussed on the introduction of carboxylic acids on surfaces by grafting acrylic acid (AAc). In the present work, we report on an alternative approach for biomaterial surface functionalisation. Thin poly‐ε‐caprolactone (PCL) films were subjected to a dielectric barrier discharge Ar‐plasma followed by the grafting of 2‐aminoethyl methacrylate (AEMA) under UV‐irradiation. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of nitrogen. The ninhydrin assay demonstrated, both quantitatively and qualitatively, the presence of free amines on the surface. Confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to visualise the grafted surfaces, indicating the presence of pAEMA. Static contact angle (SCA) measurements indicated a permanent increase in hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the AEMA grafted surfaces were applied for comparing the physisorption and covalent immobilisation of gelatin. CFM demonstrated that only the covalent immobilisation lead to a complete coverage of the surface. Those gelatin‐coated surfaces obtained were further coated using fibronectin. Osteosarcoma cells demonstrated better cell‐adhesion and cell‐viability on the modified surfaces, compared to the pure PCL films.
Melting in two spatial dimensions, as realized in thin films or at interfaces, represents one of the most fascinating phase transitions in nature, but it remains poorly understood. Even for the fundamental hard-disk model, the melting mechanism has not been agreed upon after 50 years of studies. A recent Monte?Carlo algorithm allows us to thermalize systems large enough to access the thermodynamic regime. We show that melting in hard disks proceeds in two steps with a liquid phase, a hexatic phase, and a solid. The hexatic-solid transition is continuous while, surprisingly, the liquid-hexatic transition is of first order. This melting scenario solves one of the fundamental statistical-physics models, which is at the root of a large body of theoretical, computational, and experimental research. 相似文献
Structure-preserving numerical schemes for a nonlinear parabolic fourth-order equation, modeling the electron transport in quantum semiconductors, with periodic boundary conditions are analyzed. First, a two-step backward differentiation formula (BDF) semi-discretization in time is investigated. The scheme preserves the nonnegativity of the solution, is entropy stable and dissipates a modified entropy functional. The existence of a weak semi-discrete solution and, in a particular case, its temporal second-order convergence to the continuous solution is proved. The proofs employ an algebraic relation which implies the G-stability of the two-step BDF. Second, an implicit Euler and $q$-step BDF discrete variational derivative method are considered. This scheme, which exploits the variational structure of the equation, dissipates the discrete Fisher information (or energy). Numerical experiments show that the discrete (relative) entropies and Fisher information decay even exponentially fast to zero. 相似文献