大孔吸附树脂对大豆皂苷的吸附研究

比较了5种大孔吸附树脂对大豆皂苷的吸附等温线、吸附容量、解吸率和吸附动力学。发现ZTC-1树脂对大豆皂苷吸附量大、解吸容易、吸附速度快,是一种良好的大豆皂苷吸附荆,AB-8树脂次之．选择ZTC-l树脂纯化大豆皂苷粗提液,得到大豆皂苷产品纯度为78．2％(干物质),回收率为93．1％．     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中维生素D_2和维生素D_3

提出了食品中维生素D2和维生素D3的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。食品样品经氢氧化钾皂化后乙醚萃取,所得有机相经无水硫酸钠除水后蒸发至干。用1 mL乙醇溶解后经Agilent Zorbax XDB C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,3.5μm)分离,用甲-醇10 mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(90+10)的混合溶液洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子模式多反应监测。维生素D2和维生素D3的线性范围均为50~500μg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)均为10μg·L-1。方法应用于测定奶粉和酸酸乳中维生素D2和维生素D3,回收率在76.8%~83.9%之间。     

Proteomic analysis of mouse liver for the evaluation of effects of Scutellariae radix by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Scutellariae radix or Scutellaria baicalensis is a medicinal plant that contains major flavonoids such as baicalein, baicalin, wogonin and wogonosides. The present work describes the development of an approach using proteomic analysis of mouse liver to study the effects of prolonged exposure to substances present in chemically standardized Scutellariae radix extracts. Histopathological examination of the mouse liver was compared with the proteome data. The botanical extracts were prepared using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). A method without isotope labeling was developed, using proteolytic digestion with one- and two-dimensional liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and was used to characterize the extent of differential protein expression in mouse liver in response to external factors such as extracts from Scutellariae radix. From the histopathological examination and proteome data, significant changes in the mouse livers were not observed for the low-dose group. The Scutellariae radix extracts at high dose were observed to cause damage at the bile duct and expression change of a number of proteins including some involved in catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles, carbohydrate metabolism, regulators of cell signaling processes, and enzymes involved in biotransformation. Thus, proteomic analysis of liver samples from mice treated with botanical extracts is a promising approach to provide information on any potential toxicity effects of the extracts. The present method also provides another means for comparing proteomes in biological samples such as liver lysates from mice subjected to different treatments.     

On graphs determining links with maximal number of components via medial construction

Let G be a connected plane graph, D(G) be the corresponding link diagram via medial construction, and μ(D(G)) be the number of components of the link diagram D(G). In this paper, we first provide an elementary proof that μ(D(G))≤n(G)+1, where n(G) is the nullity of G. Then we lay emphasis on the extremal graphs, i.e. the graphs with μ(D(G))=n(G)+1. An algorithm is given firstly to judge whether a graph is extremal or not, then we prove that all extremal graphs can be obtained from K₁ by applying two graph operations repeatedly. We also present a dual characterization of extremal graphs and finally we provide a simple criterion on structures of bridgeless extremal graphs.     

Pressurized hot water extraction of bioactive or marker compounds in botanicals and medicinal plant materials

To reduce the use of organic solvent, pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) has been shown to be a feasible option for the extraction of bioactive and marker compounds in botanicals and medicinal plants. The parameters that may affect the extraction efficiencies in PHWE include temperature, extraction time and addition of small percentage of organic solvent or surfactants. Currently, applications of PHWE for the extraction of thermally labile compounds in botanicals are still rather limited. PHWE with and without the additional of a small percentage of organic solvent such as ethanol is highly suited for the chemical standardization and quality control of medicinal plants. At the same time, it can be applied at the pilot scale as a manufacturing process for medicinal plants. Surfactant assisted PHWE was found to enhance the extraction of thermally labile and more hydrophobic species in medicinal plants at a lower temperature. The addition of small amount of surfactants in PHWE is highly suited for the determination of bioactive or marker compounds in medicinal plants. With proper optimization, PHWE was observed to have good extraction efficiency and precision when compared to other reference methods of extraction.     

反应原料组成对单分散苯乙烯微球粒径及其分布的影响

采用分散聚合工艺制备微米级单分散聚苯乙烯微球,并对分散聚合反应的内部影响因素(分散稳定剂、助稳定剂、单体、引发剂)进行了研究．结果表明,随着分散稳定剂和助稳定剂用量的增加,聚苯乙烯微球的粒径减小;随着单体和引发剂用量的增加,聚苯乙烯微球的粒径增大．分散稳定剂和单体用量是影响聚苯乙烯微球粒径分布的两个主要内部因素．