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31.
We give counterexamples to the following conjecture of Auslander: given a finitely generated module M over an Artin algebra Λ, there exists a positive integer nM such that for all finitely generated Λ-modules N, if ExtΛi(M,N)=0 for all i?0, then ExtΛi(M,N)=0 for all i?nM. Some of our examples moreover yield homologically defined classes of commutative local rings strictly between the class of local complete intersections and the class of local Gorenstein rings. 相似文献
32.
In [7] point-reflection geometries were studied which can be derived from commutative kinematic
spaces without involutory elements. But the class of point-reflection geometries is larger. For example, elliptic
planes with their reflections cannot be derived from commutative kinematic spaces. Here we investigate a larger
class of reflection geometries.This paper was sponsored by Vigoni Program 1999. 相似文献
33.
Elena Larraz Carlos Elvira Julio San Romn 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(11):1641-1649
This article explores the synthesis of a novel methacrylic macromonomer with an amphiphilic character derived from poly(ethylene glycol) tert‐octylphenyl ether (MT) and its respective homopolymer. To know their reactivity in radical copolymerization reactions with methyl methacrylate (MMA), a model monomer (MTm) was synthesized to determine the reactivity ratios and compare them with the low molar fractions of copolymers of MT with MMA because they were difficult to isolate. They were rMTm = 0.97 and rMMA = 0.95. The compositional diagrams when representing the weight fraction of MT and MTm in the feed and the copolymer suggested that a clear correlation exists between the experimental points of the model monomer MTm and the macromonomer MT ones, suggesting that the length of the side poly(ethylene oxide) chain does not affect the reactivity of the methacrylic double bond in the prepared monomers for this type of polymerization reaction. The reactivity ratios of the copolymers have a tendency for the formation of random or Bernoullian copolymers. The glass‐transition temperatures (Tg's) of the prepared copolymers were determined by differential scanning calorimetry, deviated from the Fox equation, and discussed on the basis of treatments that consider the influence of the monomeric units along the copolymer chains, determining the Tg of the corresponding alternating dyads. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 1641–1649, 2003 相似文献
34.
It can be conjectured that the colored Jones function of a knot can be computed in terms of counting paths on the graph of
a planar projection of a knot. On the combinatorial level, the colored Jones function can be replaced by its weight system.
We give two curious formulas for the weight system of a colored Jones function: one in terms of the permanent of a matrix
associated to a chord diagram, and another in terms of counting paths of intersecting chords.
Electronic supplementary material to this article is available at and is accessible to authorized users.
* S. G. was partially supported by an NSF and by an Israel-US BSF grant.
† M. L. was partly supported by GAUK 158 grant and by the Project LN00A056 of the Czech Ministry of Education. 相似文献
35.
We study a class of shape optimization problems for semi-linear elliptic equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions in smooth
domains in ℝ2. A part of the boundary of the domain is variable as the graph of a smooth function. The problem is equivalently reformulated
on a fixed domain. Continuity of the solution to the state equation with respect to domain variations is shown. This is used
to obtain differentiability in the general case, and moreover a useful formula for the gradient of the cost functional in
the case where the principal part of the differential operator is the Laplacian.
Online publication 23 January 2004. 相似文献
36.
37.
Abnormalities in the cochlear function usually cause broadening of the auditory filters which reduces the speech intelligibility. An attempt to apply a spectral enhancement algorithm has been undertaken to improve the identification of Polish vowels by subjects with cochlear-based hearing-impairment. The identification scores of natural (unprocessed) vowels and spectrally enhanced (processed) vowels has been measured for hearing-impaired subjects. It has been found that spectral enhancement improves vowel scores by about 10% for those subjects, however, a wide variation in individual performance among subjects has been observed. The overall vowels identification scores obtained were 85% for natural vowels and 96% for spectrally enhanced vowels. 相似文献
38.
Hamid R. Memarian Mohammad Bagheri Dietrich D?pp 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2004,42(3):833-838
In continuation of previous work some novel 3,5-diacetyl-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives were synthesized and their photochemical behavior was studied under oxygen and argon atmosphere. Oxidation of the dihydropyridine ring and formation of pyridine derivatives was the result of the reaction. The presence of oxygen affects not only on the rate of oxidation, but also the formation of some unidentified by-products was observed on irradiation under this atmosphere. 相似文献
39.
The Kα to Lα and Kβ to Lβ intensity ratios of seven elements have been measured following photoionization at 59.5 keV by using a Si (Li) detector
(FWHM=155 eV at 5.96 keV). The intensity ratios were determined by measuring K and L x-rays emitted from a standard target of a given element. The theoretical values of the Kα to Lα and Kβ to Lβ intensity ratios were calculated using theoretically tabulated values of shell/subshell photoionization cross sections,
fluorescence yields, Coster-Kronig transition probabilities, and radiative decay rates for ηKLi≠ and ηKLi=0. The measured values are in good agreement with theoretical results.
From Optika i Spektroskopiya, Vol. 97, No. 2, 2004, pp. 186–189.
Original English Text Copyright ? 2004 by A. Kü?ük?nder, S?ğüt, E. Kü?ük?nder, Büyükkasap.
This article was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
40.
Elena Castellani 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2004,43(6):1503-1514
We examine the relevance of Dirac's view on the use of transformation theory and invariants in modern physics to current reflections on the meaning of physical symmetries, especially gauge symmetries. 相似文献