Lattice Points in Three-Dimensional Convex Bodies with Points of Gaussian Curvature Zero at the Boundary

 In this article we investigate the number of lattice points in a three-dimensional convex body which contains non-isolated points with Gaussian curvature zero but a finite number of flat points at the boundary. Especially, in case of rational tangential planes in these points we investigate not only the influence of the flat points but also of the other points with Gaussian curvature zero on the estimation of the lattice rest. Received 19 June 2001; in revised form 17 January 2002 RID="a" ID="a" Dedicated to Professor Edmund Hlawka on the occasion of his 85th birthday     

Carbon nanotubes as schottky barrier transistors

We show that carbon nanotube transistors operate as unconventional "Schottky barrier transistors," in which transistor action occurs primarily by varying the contact resistance rather than the channel conductance. Transistor characteristics are calculated for both idealized and realistic geometries, and scaling behavior is demonstrated. Our results explain a variety of experimental observations, including the quite different effects of doping and adsorbed gases. The electrode geometry is shown to be crucial for good device performance.     

Laser-induced fluorescence thermometry and concentration measurements on NOA–X (0-0) transitions in the exhaust gas of high pressure CH4/air flames

Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) excitation spectra in the NOA–X (0-0) band were used for temperature measurements in the postflame region of high-pressure CH₄/air flames. To improve the quality of the measured spectra and to perform reliable line-shape measurements, the initial mixture was doped with approximately 400 ppm NO. At pressures up to 18 bar, excellent agreement was obtained between NO LIF temperatures and NARS/rotational Raman temperatures. Effective broadening coefficients were also determined in these flames. Problems with quantitative concentration measurements of NO and single-pulse temperature measurements at high pressures are discussed.     

Thermal grating and broadband degenerate four-wave mixing spectroscopy of OH in high-pressure flames

2 ∑–X²Π(0,0) band of OH has been studied in premixed methane/air flames using a cw Ar⁺ laser probe. Measurements of flame temperature and pressure were derived from fits of theoretical simulations to the observed time variation of signals over a pressure range of 10 to 40 bar and for different stoichiometry that were in agreement with independent measurements using N₂ CARS and predictions of a one-dimensional flame calculation. Broadband DFWM spectra in the same band of OH were observed up to a pressure of 9 bar, above which signals were obtained only from scattering from thermal gratings. Received: 10 November 1997/Revised version: 28 May 1998     

Sulfinato Complexes

Sulfinatometal complexes exhibit unusual features in their structure, preparation, and use, and have attracted rapidly growing interest. Their structures are determined by the ability of the RSO group both to act as a monodentate ligand (sulfinato-S or sulfinato-O) and to add to coordination centers as a bidentate ligand, either intramolecularly or intermolecularly, via the two oxygens atoms (sulfinato-O,O′) or via the sulfur atom and one of the oxygens (sulfinato-O,S).     

Isomerieverschiebung und Quadrupolaufspaltung beim Mößbauer-Effekt von Fe57 in Eisenverbindungen

Data from previous measurements are discussed from the point of view of isomeric shift and quadrupole splitting. For a comparison of isomeric shifts the magnitude of temperature shifts have to be regarded. Information about electric field gradients arises from the magnitude and the temperature dependence of quadrupole splittings. After putting the data into a suitable form, characteristic regions of the value of line shift, quadrupole splitting and temperature dependence of the splitting for different bond types are obtained. Besides this, influences of the crystal field are to be considered. Different types of contributions to the electric field gradient are discussed. The main features of field gradients in iron ions and molecules with and without closed electron shells are derived and compared with the experimental results. The result that the isomeric shifts for covalent bond iron in the oxydation states 0, +2, +3 and metallic bond iron are distributed over the same region whilst the ions Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺ and [Fe^VIO₄]^2? each have characteristic values is discussed.π-bonds in addition to σ-bonds and partially ionic bonds have to be considered. Based on the foregoing discussion the connection between the strength ofπ-bonds and the value of isomeric shifts and quadrupole-splittings and the sign of field gradients is regarded for iron ions and molecules, where ligands have been exchanged. Finally examples for the interdependence of the structure of multicenter-molecules and -ions and the data are given.