Inactivation of Escherichia coli by ultrasonic irradiation

Ultrasonic inactivation of Escherichia coli XL1-Blue has been investigated by high-intensity ultrasonic waves from horn type sonicator (27.5 kHz) utilizing the "squeeze-film effect". The amplitude of the vibration face contacting the sample solution was used as an indication of the ultrasonic power intensity. The inactivation of the E. coli cells by ultrasonic irradiation shows pseudo first-order behavior. The inactivation rate constant gradually increased with increasing amplitude of the vibration face and showed rapid increase above 3 microm (p-p). In contrast, the H2O2 formation was not observed below 3 microm (p-p), indicating that the ultrasonic shock wave might be more important than indirect effect of OH radicals formed by ultrasonic cavitation in this system. The optimal thickness of the squeeze film was determined as 2 mm for the E. coli inactivation. More than 99% of E. coli cells was inactivated within 180-s sonication at the amplitude of 3 microm (p-p) and 2 mm of the thickness of the squeeze film.     

Neutral pion photoproduction from protons at forward angles in the energy region between 350 MeV and 1175 MeV

The differential cross section for the reaction γp → π⁰p at forward angles has been measured in the energy region between 350 MeV and 1175 MeV. A phenomenological multiple analysis was carried out on the present data together with other data.     

Synthesis and platelet aggregation inhibitory activity of diphenylazole derivatives. I. Thiazole and imidazole derivatives

Diphenylimidazole and diphenylthiazole derivatives were synthesized and tested as inhibitors of platelet aggregation in in vitro experiments with the rabbit. Diphenylthiazole derivatives (10) were more potent than diphenylimidazole derivatives (4) in inhibiting arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation of rabbit platelet-rich plasma. Two diphenylimidazole and eight diphenylthiazole derivatives were evaluated for ex vivo arachidonic acid and collagen-induced platelet aggregation inhibitory activity using guinea pigs. In these compounds, 4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(1,5-dimethyl-2-pyrrolyl)thiazole (10n) showed strong activity in vitro and ex vivo. The ex vivo activity of 10n was 200 times stronger than that of aspirin. The mechanism of the activity of 10n was the inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase.