MODELING A RIGHTS‐BASED APPROACH FOR MANAGING HABITAT IMPACTS OF FISHERIES

ABSTRACT. Limiting adverse consequences of fishing on essential fish habitat has emerged as a key fishery management objective. The conventional approach to providing habitat protection is to create MPAs or marine reserves that prohibit all or certain types of fishing in specific areas. However, there may be more cost‐effective and flexible ways to provide habitat protection. We propose an individual habitat quota (IHQ) system for habitat conservation that would utilize economic incentives to achieve habitat conservation goals cost‐effectively. Individual quotas of habitat impact units (HIU) would be distributed to fishers with an aggregate quota set to maintain a target habitat “stock.” HIU use would be based on a proxy for marginal habitat damage. We use a dynamic, explicitly spatial fishery and habitat simulation model to explore how such a system might work. We examine how outcomes are affected by spatial heterogeneity in the fishery and the scale of habitat regulation. We find that the IHQ system is a highly cost‐effective means of ensuring a given level of habitat protection, but that spatial heterogeneity and the scale of regulation can have significant effects on the distribution of habitat protection.     

Estimation of electron concentrations from oblique sounding data for a piecewise-one-dimensional model of the ionosphere

Translated from Aktual'nye Voprosy Prikladnoi Matematiki, pp. 28–31, 1989.     

New representation of Dirac-Yang-Mills equations

With the help of the apparatus of tensors with values in the Atiyah-Kähler algebra (the apparatus of lambda tensors), a new representation for the relativistic equation of field theory is proposed. The circle of questions under consideration is standard for investigations concerning the theory of the Dirac equation (in this paper, we treat no problems dealing with second quantization).     

Approximate Conditions and Passage to the Limit in Sobolev Spaces over Thin and Composite Structures

Approximate properties of variable measures compose a base of the two-scale convergence method with respect to a variable measure, which is used in averaging on periodic thin and composite structures. The paper gives a survey of methods for verifying approximate properties. The main focus is on studying composite measures, which have been little studied. __________ Translated from Sovremennaya Matematika i Ee Prilozheniya (Contemporary Mathematics and Its Applications), Vol. 16, Partial Differential Equations, 2004.     

Low-temperature reaction of magnesium with fluorobenzene

The low-temperature reaction of magnesium with fluorobenzene has been investigated. Joint condensation of magnesium and fluorobenzene vapours at low temperatures quantitatively gave phenylmagnesium fluoride in one stage.     

Classical and quantum aspects of multimode parametric interactions

Parametric interactions in nonlinear crystals represent a powerful tool in the optical manipulation of information, both in the classical and the quantum regime. Here, we analyze in detail classical and quantum aspects of three-and five-mode parametric interactions in x⁽²⁾ nonlinear crystals. The equations of motion are explicitly derived and then solved within the parametric approximation. We describe several applications, including holography, all-optical gates, generation of entanglement, and telecloning. Experimental results on the photon distributions and correlations of the generated beams are also reported and discussed.     

ACTIVE CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE, VII: PERFORMANCE OF MULTI-FREQUENCY, MULTI-CHANNEL, FREEFIELD SOUND CANCELLING SYSTEMS

The paper considers the performance of multi-frequency, multi-channel, free field sound cancelling systems for the reduction of discrete frequency and periodic noise. The approach uses a method of directional active noise control. Large sound reductions from these systems have been made possible through: (a) synthetically generating the cancelling sound and synchronizing with the primary source; (b) automatic alignment of all stability regions of the control system and; (c) avoiding instability produced by these multi-channel systems.