Intensity‐dependent ultrafast dynamics of injection currents in unbiased GaAs quantum wells

The intensity dependence of optically‐induced injection currents in unbiased GaAs semiconductor quantum wells grown in [110] direction is investigated theoretically for a number of well widths. Our microscopic analysis is based on a 14 × 14 band k · p method in combination with the multisubband semiconductor Bloch equations. An oscillatory dependence of the injection current transients as function of intensity and time is predicted and explained. It is demonstrated that optical excitations involving different subbands and Rabi flopping are responsible for this complex dynamics. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Higher-order properties of photon-added coherent states

We have studied a higher-order squeezing and a higher-order sub-Poissonian photon statistics in photon-added coherent states. We obtained analytic forms of the degree of higher-order squeezing and the degree of higher-order sub-Poissonian statistics. We show that the photon-added coherent state |α,m〉 exhibits both higher-order squeezing and higher-order sub-Poissonian character. For two different types of higher-order squeezing, the degree of squeezing becomes bigger when the added photon number is increased. In single-photon-added coherent state, the degree of squeezing depends upon the order of squeezing N. When N is increased, the degree of squeezing becomes bigger in the Hong-Mandel-type higher-order squeezing but becomes smaller in the Hillery-type higher-order squeezing. Also, the higher-order sub-Poissonian character is more pronounced than the usual sub-Poissonian character in the single-photon-added coherent state.     

(17) O NMR study of the intrinsic magnetic susceptibility and spin dynamics of the quantum kagome antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)(6)Cl(2)

We report, through 17O NMR, an unambiguous local determination of the intrinsic kagome lattice spin susceptibility as well as that created around nonmagnetic defects arising from natural Zn/Cu exchange in the S=1/2 (Cu2+) herbertsmithite ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2 compound. The issue of a singlet-triplet gap is addressed. The magnetic response around a defect is found to markedly differ from that observed in nonfrustrated antiferromagnets. Finally, we discuss our relaxation measurements in the light of Cu and Cl NMR data and suggest a flat q dependence of the excitations.     

Direct Observation of the High Magnetic Field Effect on the Jahn-Teller State in TbVO4

We report the first direct observation of the influence of high magnetic fields on the Jahn-Teller (JT) transition in TbVO(4). Contrary to spectroscopic and magnetic methods, x-ray diffraction directly measures the JT distortion; the splitting between the (311)/(131) and (202)/(022) pairs of Bragg reflections is proportional to the order parameter. Our experimental results are compared to mean-field calculations, taking into account all possible orientations of the grains relative to the applied field, and qualitative agreement is obtained.     

Gaussian Beta Ensembles at High Temperature: Eigenvalue Fluctuations and Bulk Statistics

We study the limiting behavior of Gaussian beta ensembles in the regime where \(\beta n = const\) as \(n \rightarrow \infty \). The results are (1) Gaussian fluctuations for linear statistics of the eigenvalues, and (2) Poisson convergence of the bulk statistics. (2) is an alternative proof of the result by Benaych-Georges and Péché (J Stat Phys 161(3):633–656, 2015) with the explicit form of the intensity measure.     

The superconducting fluctuation optical conductivity of iron-based superconductors

The European Physical Journal B - The physical properties of a quantum many-body system can, in principle, be determined by diagonalizing the respective Hamiltonian, but the dimensions of its...     

A gravity-independent single-phase electrode reservoir for capillary electrophoresis applications

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) holds great promise as an in situ analytical technique for a variety of applications. However, typical instrumentation operates with open reservoirs (e.g., vials) to accommodate reagents and samples, which is problematic for automated instruments designed for space or underwater applications that may be operated in various orientations. Microgravity conditions add an additional challenge due to the unpredictable position of the headspace (air layer above the liquid) in any two-phase reservoir. One potential solution for these applications is to use a headspace-free, flow-through reservoir design that is sealed and connected to the necessary reagents and samples. Here, we demonstrate a flow-through high-voltage (HV) reservoir for CE that is compatible with automated in situ exploration needs, and which can be electrically isolated from its source fluidics (in order to prevent unwanted leakage current). We also demonstrate how the overall system can be rationally designed based on the operational parameters for CE to prevent electrolysis products generated at the electrode from entering the capillary and interfering with the CE separation. A reservoir was demonstrated with a 19 mm long, 1.8 mm inner diameter channel connecting the separation capillary and the HV electrode. Tests of these reservoirs integrated into a CE system show reproducible CE system operation with a variety of background electrolytes at voltages up to 25 kV. Rotation of the reservoirs, and the system, showed that their performance was independent of the direction of the gravity vector.     

Si-Tethered Bis- and Tris-Malonates for the Regioselective Preparation of Fullerene Multi-Adducts

Bis- and tris-malonates constructed around a silicon atom have been prepared by reaction of malonate derivatives bearing an alcohol function with di-tert-butylsilyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) and tert-butyl(trichloro)silane, respectively. These compounds have been used for the regioselective bis- and tris-functionalization of C₆₀ under Bingel conditions. By changing the nature of the linker between the central Si atom and the reactive malonate groups, the malonate precursors have been optimized to produce specific bis- and tris-adducts with excellent regioselectivity. A complete understanding of the electronic and stereochemical factors governing the regioselectivity has been obtained by combining computational studies with a complete analysis of the by-products formed during the reactions of the Si-tethered tris-malonates with C₆₀. Finally, desilylation reactions of the resulting fullerene bis- and tris-adducts have been carried out to generate the corresponding acyclic fullerene bis- and tris-adducts bearing alcohol functions.