首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   787篇
  免费   21篇
  国内免费   3篇
化学   592篇
晶体学   21篇
力学   25篇
数学   72篇
物理学   101篇
  2023年   3篇
  2022年   8篇
  2021年   16篇
  2020年   11篇
  2019年   4篇
  2018年   6篇
  2017年   10篇
  2016年   20篇
  2015年   12篇
  2014年   31篇
  2013年   47篇
  2012年   49篇
  2011年   59篇
  2010年   35篇
  2009年   28篇
  2008年   51篇
  2007年   38篇
  2006年   37篇
  2005年   45篇
  2004年   44篇
  2003年   29篇
  2002年   38篇
  2001年   31篇
  2000年   34篇
  1999年   29篇
  1998年   11篇
  1997年   12篇
  1996年   13篇
  1995年   6篇
  1994年   6篇
  1993年   5篇
  1992年   4篇
  1991年   2篇
  1990年   2篇
  1989年   2篇
  1988年   4篇
  1986年   4篇
  1985年   3篇
  1984年   2篇
  1981年   2篇
  1979年   1篇
  1978年   4篇
  1976年   1篇
  1975年   3篇
  1974年   1篇
  1973年   2篇
  1972年   1篇
  1970年   2篇
  1968年   1篇
  1967年   2篇
排序方式: 共有811条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
We report on imaging living bacterial cells by using a correlated tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). For optimal imaging of Gram-negative Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cells, we explored different methods of bacterial sample preparation, such as spreading the cells on poly-L-lysine coated surfaces or agarose gel coated surfaces. We have found that the agarose gel containing 99% ammonium acetate buffer can provide sufficient local aqueous environment for single bacterial cells. Furthermore, the cell surface topography can be characterized by tapping-mode in-air AFM imaging for the single bacterial cells that are partially embedded. Using in-air rather than under-water AFM imaging of the living cells significantly enhanced the contrast and signal-to-noise ratio of the AFM images. Near-field AFM-tip-enhanced fluorescence lifetime imaging (AFM-FLIM) holds high promise on obtaining fluorescence images beyond optical diffraction limited spatial resolution. We have previously demonstrated near-field AFM-FLIM imaging of polymer beads beyond diffraction limited spatial resolution. Here, as the first step of applying AFM-FLIM on imaging bacterial living cells, we demonstrated a correlated and consecutive AFM topographic imaging, fluorescence intensity imaging, and FLIM imaging of living bacterial cells to characterize cell polarity.  相似文献   
32.
Abstract

To improve the compatibility of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer/low density polyethylene (SMA/LDPE) blends, LDPE grafted with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-isophorone diisocyanate (LDPE-g-HI) was prepared and blended with SMA of which anhydride was converted to carboxylic acid (SMAAc). The infrared spectra of LDPE-g-HI established the presence of isocyanate group. In the blend morphology, some adhesions between the two phases and much finer dispersions were observed in the SMAAc/LDPE-g-HI blends, indicating that chemical reactions took place during the melt blending. The lower heat capacity change at the glass transition temperature demonstrated that chemical bonds were produced in the SMAAc/LDPE-g-HI blends. From the results of the rheological test, it was found that strong positive deviation from the mixing rule occurred in viscosity for the SMAAc/LDPE-g-HI blends, concerning with good adhesion and finer dispersions. In the measurement of tensile property, the improved mechanical properties for the SMAAc/LDPE-g-HI blends were shown.  相似文献   
33.
34.

An experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of surface coating on the critical heat flux for downward facing boiling on the outer surface of a hemispherical vessel. Steady-state boiling experiments were conducted in the subscale boundary layer boiling (SBLB) facility using test vessels with metallic microporous coatings to obtain the local boiling curves and the local critical heat flux (CHF) limits. Similar heat transfer performance was observed for microporous aluminum and microporous copper coatings. When compared to the corresponding data without coatings, the boiling curves for the coated vessels were found to shift upward and to the right. This meant that the CHF limit was higher with surface coating and that the minimum film boiling temperatures were located at higher wall superheats. In particular, the microporous coatings were found to enhance the local CHF values appreciably at all angular locations explored in the experiments. Results of the present study showed that the microporous aluminum coating was very durable. Even after many cycles of steady state boiling, the vessel coating remained rather intact, with no apparent changes in color or structure. Although similar heat transfer performance was observed for microporous copper coatings, the latter were found to be much less durable and tended to degrade after several cycles of boiling.  相似文献   
35.
Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics - Using GTW connection, we considered a real hypersurface M in a complex two-plane Grassmannian $${G_{2}({\mathbb{C}}^{m+2})}$$ when the GTW Reeb Lie derivative...  相似文献   
36.
37.
Abstract

Organic-inorganic composite gel was prepared by using PEG-modified urethane acrylate (PMUA) gel and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). PMUA gel was prepared by the phase-inversion emulsion polymerization of PMUA emulsion. The gelation of PMUA emulsion using this method enables PMUA gel to swell with H2O, TEOS, and ethanol. Hydrolysis and condensation reaction rates of the sol-gel process are strongly influenced by the pH controlled by catalysts such as HCl and NH4OH. Additionally, the morphology on the cross section of composite and the amount of silica ingredient incorporated into the composite gel were dependent on solvent, the molar ratio of H2O to TEOS, as well as the pH value.

As the silica content increased, due to hydrogen bonds interacting between PMUA gel and SiO2, particles, the tensile strength of composites considerably increased, whereas the elongation at break decreased. The incorporation of silica ingredient in PMUA gel/silica composites was verified with FTIR/ATR and SEM. The amount of the silica component in the composite was indirectly investigated by using TGA thermal analysis.  相似文献   
38.
Abstract

Water-soluble and UV-curable urethane acrylate cationomer was synthesized incorporating N-methyldiethanol amine (MDEA) on the molecular backbone and its viscosity properties were examined with respect to shear rate, temperature, and weight fraction of resin. All shear rates showed shear rate independence within given fraction regions. The viscosity trends of urethane acrylate cationomer solutions followed the Arrhenius equation well. The logarithmic infinite viscosity and activation energy showed linear relationship with the fraction below the weight fraction of 0. 325. However, above the fraction of 0. 325, the deviation from linear relationship was observed. This was believed to be attributed to the intermolecular interactions among molecular chains. From the obtained linear correlation of the logarithmic infinite viscosity and activation energy with the fraction, rheological equation of state was proposed. The viscosities obtained from the equation of state successfully corresponded to the results of experiments.  相似文献   
39.
1,3-diproyloxycalix[4]arene azacrown ether was successfully synthesized in the fixed 1,3-alternate conformation which was confirmed by a solid state structure.  相似文献   
40.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号