Highly efficient toughening effect of ultrafine full-vulcanized powdered rubber on poly(lactic acid)(PLA)

A unique ultrafine full-vulcanized powdered ethyl acrylate rubber (EA-UFPR) was used as the toughening modifier for poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Largely improved tensile toughness was successfully achieved with the incorporation of only 1 wt% EA-UFPR, while the tensile strength and modulus of the blends were almost the same as pure PLA. The highly efficient toughening of PLA by UFPR is mainly ascribed to the strong interfacial interaction between PLA and UFPR and good dispersion of UFPR particles in PLA matrix. Our work provides an effective toughening method to largely improve the mechanical properties of PLA without sacrificing its stiffness, which is very important for the wide application of PLA materials.     

One-step synthesis ofα,β-unsaturated arylsulfones by a novel multicomponent reaction of aromatic aldehydes,chloroacetonitrile, benzenesulfinic acid sodium salt

A new and green method for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated arylsulfones had been achieved through the condensation of aromatic aldehydes,chloroacetonitrile,benzenesulfinic acid sodium salt in the presence of l-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hydroxide([bmim]OH) in EtOH under reflux.The ionic liquid was recovered and recycled for subsequent reactions.The advantages of this protocol were non-toxic,easy work-up and good yields.     

Why calcium inhibits magnesium-dependent enzyme phosphoserine phosphatase? A theoretical study

Mechanisms for the formation of the Schiff base from acetaldehyde and butylamine, glycine and phosphatidylethanolamine based on Dmol3/DFT calculations were realized. For the case of phosphatidylethanolamine, calculations were done under periodic boundary conditions, in an amine-phospholipid monolayer model with two molecules of phosphatidylethanolamine by cell. All models contained explicit aqueous solvent. In the three cases, a neutral amino group is used to model the nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl group of acetaldehyde, and water molecules form hydrogen bond networks. These networks were involved in the reactions by performing as proton-transfer carriers, important in some steps of reactions, and stabilizing reaction intermediates. In all the studied reactions, they take place in two steps, namely: (1) formation of a carbinolamine and (2) its dehydration to the Schiff base, being the dehydration the rate-determining step of the process, consistent with available experimental evidence for similar reactions. The main difference between the studied reactions is found in the value for relative free energy for the intermediates and transition states in the second step; these values are lower in the cases of glycine and phosphatidylethanolamine in comparison with butylamine, due the influence of their molecular environments. Based on the results, the aminophospholipid surface environment and carboxylic group of glycine may boost Schiff base formation via a neighboring catalyst effect.     

On the initial layer solution of the Boltzmann equation with small Knudsen number

We extend our method of systematic removal of secular terms in a singular perturbation treatment of the Boltzmann equation with small Knudsen numbers to the initial layer. The requirement that the solution through the initial layer should connect smoothly to the normal solution removes an ambiguity noted in our previous paper. We show that removal of secular terms improves Grad's solution for the initial layer and reintroduces soundlike modes associated with higher moments, first found by Wang Chang and Uhlenbeck.     

氮化铟p型掺杂的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的总体能量平面波超软赝势法，对Mg，Zn，Cd掺杂InN的32原子超原胞体系进行了几何结构优化，从理论上给出了掺杂和非掺杂体系的晶体结构参数，其中非掺杂体系的理论值与实验值符合很好. 计算了掺杂InN晶体的结合能，总体态密度、集居数，差分电荷密度，并对此做了细致的分析. 计算结果表明，相对于Zn和Cd，Mg_In在InN中的溶解度会更大，并能提供更多的空穴态，非常有利于InN的p型掺杂. 关键词： 氮化铟 p型掺杂 电子结构 第一性原理     

二维旋转边带分解实验

描述了一类新的二维旋转边带分解实验,准备期包括交叉极化、若干个以TOSS序列的延迟加上的π脉冲和一个π/2脉冲,混合期包括一个π/2脉冲和一个TOSS序列,在演化期内,磁化矢量位于z方向。本实验能给出完全分解的各向同性化学位移与各向异性化学位移,它与Kolbert等人^[5]的实验方法相互补充。