低电荷态离子原子碰撞过程中的转移电离机理的研究

介绍了使用位置灵敏技术和飞行时间方法研究中低能低电荷态离子-原子碰撞过程中转移电离与单电子俘获过程.对于确定的入射离子电荷态,通过理论分析及与实验数据对比给出了转移电离与单电子俘获截面比R_TS随着入射离子速度V_P的变化规律和转移电离过程中电离的电子主要来自靶原子的最外亚壳层. 关键词： 转移电离 逃离半径 电离半径 俘获半径     

一种新颖的表面空心微光阱阵列

提出了采用四台阶相位光栅与微透镜阵列组合产生一种新颖的表面空心微光阱阵列的方案，研究了表面空心微光阱阵列的光强分布，计算了相应的光学囚禁势，并讨论了该微光阱阵列在原子分子光学中的潜在应用.研究表明当用1W的YAG激光照射时，在1cm²面积上可产生近10⁴个空心光阱，每个光阱具有较小的囚禁体积和较大的有效光强及其强度梯度，对⁸⁵Rb原子的光学囚禁势可达190μK.如此深的光阱足以囚禁冷原子或冷分子，并可用于实现全光型原子或分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚，甚至制备新颖的光学晶格等. 关键词： 空心光阱 冷原子或冷分子 光学晶格     

聚[吡咯-2,5-二(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲烷)]的吸附性能研究

合成了具有类似开环卟啉结构的高分子——聚[吡咯-2,5-二(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲烷)]。研究了该聚合物对Cu^2 和Mg^2 的吸附性能,讨论了吸附时间、吸附温度和体系pH对吸附量的影响。通过红外光谱分析对聚合物-金属络合物的结构进行了表征。     

新型水溶性配体-负载金属氢甲酰化催化剂:TPPTS-Rh/SiO2

考察了几种硅胶负载贵金属催化剂和HRhCO(TPP)3催化剂的1-己烯氢甲酰化反应,对Rh/SiO2、 HRhCO(TPPTS)3/SiO2 和TPPTS-Rh/SiO2上的1-己烯氢甲酰化结果进行了比较.结果表明, TPPTS-Rh/SiO2催化剂的醛的选择性和醛的正异比n/b接近HRhCO(TPPTS)3/SiO2 的相应的催化性能,而远高于Rh/SiO2的相应的催化性能, 7.0 MPa高压下TPPTS-Rh/SiO2催化剂的活性大幅度增加,达到0.0692 S-1.实验排除了其他可能,认为是含有孤对电子的TPPTS 和Rh/SiO2中高度分散的Rh粒子产生了化学键的作用,形成了具有匀相性能的支撑水膜多相催化剂: TPPTS-Rh/SiO2.     

Catalyzed collapse and enhanced hydrogen storage of BN nanotubes

The novel morphology of BN nanotubes with a collapsed structure has been discovered by a metal-catalyzed treatment. The collapse causes the dramatic enlargement of a specific surface area of BN nanotubes and remarkably enhances the hydrogen storage capacity of BN nanotubes.     

Determination of Naphthalenesulfonate Isomers in Industrial Effluents and River Water by Solid‐Phase Extraction and Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

This work presents a method to separate polar naphthalenesulfonate (NS) isomers by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with ultraviolet detection in industrial effluents and river water samples. The method involves extraction of samples by a polystyrene‐divinylbenzene copolymer (PS‐DVB) solid‐phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. The most effective CZE separation conditions were obtained in 20 mM borate buffer with 30% acetonitrile at pH 9.0 and 30 °C. The method proposed herein provides a high precision and sensitivity for NS isomers, to quantitation at ≤ 1.0 μg/L in 200 mL of the water samples. Recovery of the NS isomers in spiked water samples ranged from 73% to 87% while RSD ranging from 5.6 to 9.7%. The analysis of industrial effluents and river water samples was performed and naphthalene‐2‐sulfonate was found as a major pollutant. The difficulties in quantitating and identifying analytes in complex environmental samples can be resolved by using an internal standard response factor to calculate concentrations and relative migration times for peak confirmation.     

Fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone)s bearing pentafluorostyrene moieties prepared by a modified polycondensation

The polycondensation of decafluorobenzophenone with hexafluorobisphenol A was modified by the addition of a molecular sieve dehydrating apparatus to the refluxing reaction system. This modification promoted the polymerization and enabled the reactions to be conducted in milder conditions and completed in a shorter time, thereby depressing side reactions such as branching and crosslinking. The resulting fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone)s (FPAEK) were free of gel particles and possessed the designed molecular weights. This modified procedure was also suitable for introducing crosslinkable pentafluorostyrene (FSt) moieties into the polymers at the chain ends and/or inside the chain with the vinyl group of FSt being pendant. The resulting FSt containing fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone)s (FPAEK‐FSt) can then be thermally crosslinked at 100 °C in the presence of 1% benzoyl peroxide (BPO) or at 250 °C without any initiator. The glass‐transition temperatures (T_g's) of FPAEK increased with increasing molecular weight and leveled off at about 147 °C for the polymer with a number‐average molecular weight of 18,600 Da, whereas the values were not apparently affected by the addition of FSt units. However, crosslinking of the FPAEK‐FSt resulted in an approximate 30 °C increase of the T_g. Spin‐coating FPAEK‐FSt onto silicon wafers followed by crosslinking gave films with excellent thermal stability, physical strength, and adhesion to the substrate as well as good reproducibility in terms of film preparation and optical properties. The refractive index and birefringence of the films measured at a wavelength of 1.55 μm were 1.502 and 2.5 × 10^?3, respectively. © 2002 Government of Canada. Exclusive worldwide publication rights in the article have been transferred to Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 4205–4216, 2002     

Fractal Aperture Distribution of Activated Carbon Fiber and Adsorption Behavior to Low‐Density Benzene Steam

Based on the J(x) fractal distribution function of aperture given by Jaroniec, this article suggests another function K(x), a variant of J(x) but offering new insight. We then use these two functions to characterize three kinds of activated carbon fiber (ACF) of different specific areas. This article also provides the fractal distribution of the aperture and the isotherm of nonpolarity benzene steam on the ACF specimens and the relationship between them.     

Surface Properties and Solubility of Simvastatin in the Micelles of Polyglycerol Diisostearate Ethoxylates

A series of polyglycerol diisostearate ethoxylates with two hydrophobic chains were prepared by the reaction of polyglycerol diisostearate with ethylene oxide. Surface properties including water solubility, cloud temperature, critical micelle concentration, emulsification, and the solubilizing capacity of polyglycerol diisostearate ethoxylates for simvastatin were investigated in comparison with those of Tween‐80. The critical micelle concentrations of all polyglycerol diisostearate ethoxylates are less than 0.01 mmol l^?1, which is one order of magnitude lower than that of Tween‐80. Polyglycerol diisostearate ethoxylates show better emulsification than Tween‐80. For enhancing the solubility of simvastatin in micelles, polyglycerol diisostearate ethoxylates also are superior to Tween‐80.