以Cyanex272为载体的乳状液膜迁移和分离铅的研究

用Ｃｙａｎｅｘ２７２－Ｓｐａｎ８０－甲苯乳状液膜体系研究了铅的迁移行为，确定了铅迁移的适宜条件。在此条件下，许多常见离子如Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｃｏ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋等均不迁移，Ｈｇ＾２＋迁移率很低。因此Ｐｂ＾２＋能与这些离子得到快速且完全的分离。这对分析测定及三废处理等工作具有实际意义。     

壳脑酸酯溴化反应性质及在虫胶漂白中的应用

运用紫外分光光度法和波谱分析法研究了壳脑酸酯溴化反应的动力学性质和产物及脱溴产物的结构，结果有，壳脑酸酯溴化反应是二级反应是二级反应，反应活化能是６６．４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，产物是α，β－二溴壳脑酸酯，该产物的脱溴产物是β－溴壳脑酸酯。     

Conformations of fold part in isotactic polypropylene lamella with diamond lattice model

Ｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｅｌｄｏｆｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ,ｔｈｅｃｒｙｓｔａｌｌｉｎｅｓｔａｔｅｏｆｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｓｈａｓｌｏｎｇｂｅｅｎｏｆｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ.ＴｈｅｅｘｉｓｔｅｎｃｅｏｆｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｓｉｎｇｌｅｃｒｙｓｔａｌｗａｓｆｉｒｓｔｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄｂｙＪａｃｃｏｄｉｎｅ[1]ｉｎ1955.Ｔｈｅｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓｏｆｍｏｓｔｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｇｒｏｗｔｈｃｒｙｓｔａｌｓｉｓｆｏｕｎｄｔｏｂｅｏｆｔｈｅｏｒｄｅｒｏｆ～10ｎｍ.Ｔｈｉｓｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｉｓｓｏｍｅｗｈａｔｓｕｒｐｒｉｓｉｎｇ.Ｓ…     

Ab initio study of the complexes of halogen-containing molecules RX (X=Cl, Br, and I) and NH3: towards understanding the nature of halogen bonding and the electron-accepting propensities of covalently bonded halogen atoms

Ab initio calculations have been performed on a series of complexes formed between halogen-containing molecules and ammonia to gain a deeper insight into the nature of halogen bonding. It appears that the dihalogen molecules form the strongest halogen-bonded complexes with ammonia, followed by HOX; the charge-transfer-type contribution has been demonstrated to dominate the halogen bonding in these complexes. For the complexes involving carbon-bound halogen molecules, our calculations clearly indicate that electrostatic interactions are mainly responsible for their binding energies. Whereas the halogen-bond strength is significantly enhanced by progressive fluorine substitution, the substitution of a hydrogen atom by a methyl group in the CH(3)X...NH(3) complex weakened the halogen bonding. Moreover, remote substituent effects have also been noted in the complexes of halobenzenes with different para substituents. The influence of the hybridization state of the carbon atom bonded to the halogen atom has also been examined and the results reveal that halogen-bond strengths decrease in the order HC triple bond CX > H(2)C=CHX approximately O=CHX approximately C(6)H(5)X > CH(3)X. In addition, several excellent linear correlations have been established between the interaction energies and both the amount of charge transfer and the electrostatic potentials corresponding to an electron density of 0.002 au along the R-X axis; these correlations provide good models with which to evaluate the electron-accepting abilities of the covalently bonded halogen atoms. Finally, some positively charged halogen-bonded systems have been investigated and the effect of the charge has been discussed.     

Analysis of acyclovir by high performance capillary electrophoresis with on-column amperometric detection

The separation of acyclovir (ACV) by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) with on-column amperometric detection using alpha-amino-5-mercapto-3,4-dithiazole (AMD) as internal standard is described. The calibration line was linear in the range of 0.5-20 mg/L of ACV. The detection limit was 0.15 mg/L of ACV. Its recovery ranged from 98 to 101% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 1.9 to 3.2% (n = 5). This method was successfully used for determining ACV in some pharmaceuticals and human urine. Comparable results with HPCE with ultraviolet (UV) detection and amperometric detection were obtained.     

铽(Ⅲ)-1,4-双(1′-苯基-3′-甲基-5′-氧代吡唑-4′-基)丁二酮-[1,4]体系荧光性质的研究及应用

本文研究了Tb(Ⅲ)-1,4-双(′-苯基-3′-甲基-5′-氧代吡唑-4′-基)丁二酮-[1,4](BPMPBD)-溴化十六烷基三甲胺(CTMAB)体系的荧光性质,探讨了响影体系荧光性质的诸因素,确定了最佳实验条件。该体系中Tb(Ⅲ)浓度以2.0×10~(-5)～1.0×10~(-10)mol/L范围内与其荧光强度呈线性关系,检测限可达到5.0×10~(-11)mol/L。应用于合成样品中微量Tb(Ⅲ)的分析,结果令人满意。     

接枝共聚物氯化聚乙烯—苯乙烯对聚苯乙烯的共混改性

用氯化聚乙烯接枝苯乙烯共聚物（ＣＰＥ－ｇ－Ｓｔ）和氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）对聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）进行共混改性。当ＣＰＥ含量为２５％时，用ＣＰＥ－ｇＳｔ改性的共混物的冲击强度为１８．５ｋＪ．ｍ＾－＾２，是用ＣＰＥ改性的共混物冲击强度的２．１倍；其拉伸强度不低于３４ＭＰａ。     

Simulation of human vision by image evolution in light-excitable nonlinear optical mediums

The nonlinear optical membrane used for image processing was prepared using tetraethyl silicate by sol-gel method under mild conditions. Ru(bpy)3Cl2 (bpy, bipyridine) was immobilized in the sol-gel matrix. This light-excitable membrane containing Ru(bpy)3Cl2 as photocatalyst could catalyze the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction by illumination. Our results indicated that a fine-definition image processing could be autoperformed when projecting a picture on this medium. The imaging process was an image evolution process, which was similar to that of the human vision process.     

环境和生物样品中铂族金属的分析研究进展

评述了近年来环境和生物样品中痕量铂族金属的分析研究进展，重点介绍了样品的预处理和分离富集技术以及检测手段等。