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181.
182.
[structure: see text] A fluorescent deoxyuridine analogue is sensitive to the polarity of its environment and exhibits a distinct emission profile in single- vs double-stranded oligonucleotides. Emission-monitored denaturation curves of internally modified dU(phen) duplexes are characteristic of the base opposite dU(phen) and distinguish between perfect and mismatched complementary oligonucleotides. 相似文献
183.
Shestopalov AM Emeliyanova YM Shestopalov AA Rodinovskaya LA Niazimbetova ZI Evans DH 《Organic letters》2002,4(3):423-425
Three-component condensation of 4-piperidinones (7), 5-pyrazolones (8), and malononitrile (4) proceeds chemically and electrochemically and is a convenient one-step means of synthesis of substituted 6-amino-5-cyanospiro-4-(piperidine-4')-2H,4H-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrans (12). The electrochemical reactions proceed under milder conditions and with yields 12-15% greater than those of the reactions catalyzed by chemical bases. 相似文献
184.
Petersson EJ Choi A Dahan DS Lester HA Dougherty DA 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2002,124(43):12662-12663
A series of tethered quaternary ammonium derivatives of Tyr have been incorporated into the binding site of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) using the in vivo nonsense suppression method, producing constitutively active (self-gating) receptors. We have incorporated primary, secondary, and tertiary amine tethered agonists to give receptors whose constitutive activity can be modulated by pH. Lowering the pH protonates the tethered amine, giving it a positive charge and allowing it to reversibly activate the receptor. Tertiary and secondary tethered amines, TyrO3T and TyrO3S, have been successfully incorporated at alpha149 in the nAChR. Constitutive currents at pH 5.5 are 6 times those at pH 9.0. The pKa of TyrO3T in the binding site appears to be 6 or lower, differing substantially from its pKa in solution ( approximately 9.3). This local pKa perturbation has substantial implications for pharmacological research on the nAChR: of the tertiary agonists considered, noracetylcholine experiences this pKa perturbation, while nicotine does not. 相似文献
185.
De Vita R Anghinolfi M Burkert VD Dodge GE Minehart R Taiuti M Weller H Adams G Amaryan MJ Anciant E Armstrong DS Asavapibhop B Asryan G Audit G Auger T Avakian H Bagdasaryan H Ball JP Barrow S Battaglieri M Beard K Bektasoglu M Bianchi N Biselli AS Boiarinov S Bonner BE Bosted P Bouchigny S Branford D Brooks WK Bueltmann S Calarco JR Capitani GP Carman DS Carnahan B Cazes A Ciciani L Cole PL Coleman A Connelly J Cords D Corvisiero P Crabb D Crannell H Cummings JP De Sanctis E Degtyarenko PV 《Physical review letters》2002,88(8):082001
The double spin asymmetry in the (-->)e(-->)p --> e(prime)pi(+)n reaction has been measured for the first time in the resonance region for four-momentum transfer Q2 = 0.35-1.5 GeV(2). Data were taken at Jefferson Lab with the CLAS detector using a 2.6 GeV polarized electron beam incident on a polarized solid NH3 target. Comparison with predictions of phenomenological models shows strong sensitivity to resonance contributions. Helicity-1/2 transitions are found to be dominant in the second and third resonance regions. The measured asymmetry is consistent with a faster rise with Q(2) of the helicity asymmetry A1 for the F(15)(1680) resonance than expected from the analysis of the unpolarized data. 相似文献
186.
Koga T Seo YS Zhang Y Shin K Kusano K Nishikawa K Rafailovich MH Sokolov JC Chu B Peiffer D Occhiogrosso R Satija SK 《Physical review letters》2002,89(12):125506
We report an anomalous swelling of polymer thin films in carbon dioxide (CO(2)) which is associated (in both locus and form) with the density fluctuation ridge that forms along the extension of the coexistence curve of gas and liquid in the P-T phase diagram. Neutron reflectivity results showed that CO(2) could be sorbed to a large extent ( approximately 60%) in thin polymer films even when the bulk miscibility of the polymer with CO(2) is very poor. The anomalous swelling is found to scale with the polymer radius of gyration (R(g)) and extends to a distance approximately 10 R(g). 相似文献
187.
Joo K Smith LC Burkert VD Minehart R Aznauryan IG Elouadrhiri L Stepanyan S Adams GS Amaryan MJ Anciant E Anghinolfi M Armstrong DS Asavapibhop B Audit G Auger T Avakian H Barrow S Bagdasaryan H Battaglieri M Beard K Bektasoglu M Bertozzi W Bianchi N Biselli AS Boiarinov S Bonner BE Brooks WK Calarco JR Capitani GP Carman DS Carnahan B Cole PL Coleman A Cords D Corvisiero P Crabb D Crannell H Cummings J De Sanctis E De Vita R Degtyarenko PV Demirchyan RA Denizli H Dennis LC Deppman A 《Physical review letters》2002,88(12):122001
Models of baryon structure predict a small quadrupole deformation of the nucleon due to residual tensor forces between quarks or distortions from the pion cloud. Sensitivity to quark versus pion degrees of freedom occurs through the Q2 dependence of the magnetic (M1+), electric (E1+), and scalar (S1+) multipoles in the gamma*p-->Delta(+)-->p pi(0) transition. We report new experimental values for the ratios E(1+)/M(1+) and S(1+)/M(1+) over the range Q2 = 0.4-1.8 GeV2, extracted from precision p(e,e(')p)pi(0) data using a truncated multipole expansion. Results are best described by recent unitary models in which the pion cloud plays a dominant role. 相似文献
188.
High-efficiency coupling structure for a single-line-defect photonic-crystal waveguide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Prather DW Murakowski J Shi S Venkataraman S Sharkawy A Chen C Pustai D 《Optics letters》2002,27(18):1601-1603
We present the design and fabrication of a planar structure for coupling light from a multimode feed waveguide into a single-line-defect photonic-crystal waveguide. Finite-difference time-domain calculations predict a coupling efficiency of greater than 90%, and preliminary experimental results indicate successful coupling through a single-line-defect photonic-crystal waveguide. Device design, fabrication, and characterization are presented. 相似文献
189.
Bernard Bonnaud Dennis Bigg Jean-Franois Patoiseau 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1991,28(8):1927-1932
The reaction of a number of γ-butyrolactones with azole anions is shown to give γ-substituted butanoic acids in moderate to good yields. The pyrrolyl and indolylbutanoic acids obtained underwent cyclization in a simple one-pot procedure employing ethyl chloroformate and boron trifluoride etherate. Some aspects of the chemistry of the resulting indolizin-8-ones are described. 相似文献
190.
We generalize the modal interpretation of quantum mechanics so that it may be applied to composite systems represented by arbitrary density operators. We discuss the interpretation these density operators receive and relate this to the discussion about the interpretation of proper and improper mixtures in the standard interpretation. 相似文献