加强习题变式教学 提高学生思维品质

习题变式教学通过启迪、引导学生自觉地运用物理的基础知识和基本规律,拓展学生的"学习空间"和"变异维数",从而实现培养和提高学生的思维品质.     

Spectral Characterization of Couplings in a Mixed Optomechanical Model *

Abstract:We study the spectrum of single-photon emission and scattering in a mixed optomechanical model which consists of both linear and quadratic optomechanical interactions. The spectra are calculated based on the exact long-time solutions of the single-photon emission and scattering processes in this system. We find that there exist some phonon sideband peaks in the spectra and there are some sub peaks around the phonon sideband peaks under proper parameter conditions. The correspondence between the spectral features and the optomechanical interactions is confirmed, and the optomechanical coupling strengths can be inferred by analyzing the resonance peaks and dips in the spectra.     

Dc-bias-field-induced dielectric relaxation and ac conduction in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

The dielectric relaxation and ac conduction of CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CCTO) ceramics were investigated at different temperatures under a dc bias. The dc bias gives rise to space charge accumulation, i.e. an electrode response, resulting in the significant increase of dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss tangent. Two Debye-like relaxations, arising from electrode and grain boundary responses, are present at low frequency with an increase of the dc bias. The electrode and grain boundary relaxations are distinguished according to the impedance spectroscopy and the frequency-dependent ac conductivity. The relaxation times of electrode and grain boundary relaxation are 0.955 ms and 0.026 ms, respectively, with a dc bias of 10 V at 328 K.     

小波聚类方法和近红外光谱技术用于药片种类判别

对310个药片样品的近红外光谱数据进行了聚类分析。首先使用小波变换对光谱数据矩阵进行多尺度分解,在进行有效压缩之后,采用经典分类方法对合适选取的小波系数组合进行聚类分析,提出了小波聚类方法。该方法分别用于实验室药片、中试药片和规模生产药片样品的分析,按药片样品的组成得到4个类别。结果表明,对实验室药片和中试药片样品分类的精确度均达到100%;对于规模生产药片的分类,共120个样品中只有1个样品被错误划分,精确度也高达99.2%。近红外光谱技术结合小波聚类方法的聚类性能是令人满意的,相比经典聚类分析,更加快速、易于使用,对制药行业药片质量以及成本控制均有积极作用。     

The Essence of Operators’ Weyl Ordering Scheme and New Operator Identities for Converting Q−P Ordering to Weyl Ordering

We find new operator formulas for converting Q?P and P?Q ordering to Weyl ordering, where Q and P are the coordinate and momentum operator. In this way we reveal the essence of operators’ Weyl ordering scheme, e.g., Weyl ordered operator polynomial ${_{:}^{:}}\;Q^{m}P^{n}\;{_{:}^{:}}$ , $$\begin{aligned} {_{:}^{:}}\;Q^{m}P^{n}\;{_{:}^{:}} =&\sum_{l=0}^{\min (m,n)} \biggl( \frac{-i\hbar }{2} \biggr) ^{l}l!\binom{m}{l}\binom{n}{l}Q^{m-l}P^{n-l} \\ =& \biggl( \frac{\hbar }{2} \biggr) ^{ ( m+n ) /2}i^{n}H_{m,n} \biggl( \frac{\sqrt{2}Q}{\sqrt{\hbar }},\frac{-i\sqrt{2}P}{\sqrt{\hbar }} \biggr) \bigg|_{Q_{\mathrm{before}}P} \end{aligned}$$ where ${}_{:}^{:}$ ${}_{:}^{:}$ denotes the Weyl ordering symbol, and H _m,n is the two-variable Hermite polynomial. This helps us to know the Weyl ordering more intuitively.     

Study of a millimeter-wave squint indirect holographic algorithm suitable for imaging with large field-of-view

In this paper a millimeter-wave （MMW） squint indirect holographic method is presented, which is suitable for imaging with a large field-of-view. The proposed system employs the squint operation mode to remove the background and twin- image interferences, which achieves a similar effect to off-axis holography but leaves out the large-aperture quasi-optical component. The translational scanning manner enables a large field of view and ensures the image uniformity, which is difficult to realize in off-axis holography. In addition, a corresponding imaging algorithm for the presented scheme is developed to reconstruct the image from the recorded hologram. Some imaging results on typical objects, obtained with electromagnetic simulation, demonstrate good performance of the imaging scheme and validate the effectiveness of the image reconstruction algorithm.     

苹果盛果期冠层高光谱与其组分特征的定量模型研究

从分析苹果树盛果期冠层高光谱入手,结合同一时间的数码照片,在Erdas,ViewSpec Pro,DPS和LIBSVM等软件的支持下,采用相关分析、线性回归、逐步回归、基于BP人工神经网络分析、支持向量机回归方法,探析高光谱反射率及其转换数据与冠层组分指数间的关系。结果表明,冠层反射率受地表反光膜的影响显著;原始反射率与果叶比的相关性最好,611~680 nm为反映两者关系的特征波段;在特征波段内,依据原始反射率和果叶比所建立的4种模型都可满足预测需要,但基于BP人工神经网络模型和支持向量机回归模型整体上优于一元线性回归模型和多元线性回归模型,尤以支持向量机回归模型精度最高。研究结果可为后续的苹果遥感估产工作提供理论支持。     

Effect of solvent on directional drift in Brownian motion of particle/molecule with broken symmetry

The directional drifting of particles/molecules with broken symmetry has received increasing attention. Through molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the effects of various solvents on the time-dependent directional drifting of a particle with broken symmetry. Our simulations show that the distance of directional drift of the asymmetrical particle is reduced while the ratio of the drift to the mean displacement of the particle is enhanced with increasing mass, size, and interaction strength of the solvent atoms in a short time range. Among the parameters considered, solvent atom size is a particularly influential factor for enhancing the directional drift of asymmetrical particles, while the effects of the interaction strength and the mass of the solvent atoms are relatively weaker. These findings are of great importance to the understanding and control of the Brownian motion of particles in various physical, chemical, and biological processes within finite time spans.     

基于光谱分析的CO_2激光+脉冲GMAW复合焊峰值状态激光能量传输研究

在激光+脉冲GMAW复合焊接过程中,焊丝端部金属熔化产生大量的金属蒸汽,导致等离子体中电子、粒子的扩散现象加剧,使得激光的传输模式和工件对激光能量的吸收率和吸收模式发生变化。基于光谱分析的方法得到了复合焊接峰值状态的电子密度和温度分布,通过高速摄影分析了不同焊接模式下等离子体形态的变化,结合Beer-Lambert吸收定律计算了不同焊接模式下激光的吸收率。结果表明,在复合焊过程中,由于焊丝端部金属被熔化,焊丝的金属蒸汽进入激光等离子体内部,导致激光匙孔上方电子密度进一步提高,等离子体吸收激光能量能力增强,使得激光的传输效率从纯激光焊的94.16%降低到了CO_2激光+脉冲GMAW复合焊的85.84%。