Construction of infinite unimodular sequences with zero autocorrelation

Unimodular waveforms x are constructed on the integers with the property that the autocorrelation of x is one at the origin and zero elsewhere. There are three different constructions: exponentials of the form e^{2 pi na q},e^{2 \pi i n^\alpha \theta}, sequences taken from roots of unity, and sequences constructed from the elements of real Hadamard matrices. The first is expected and elementary and the second is based on the construction of Wiener. The third is the most intricate and is really one of a family of distinct but structurally similar waveforms. A natural error estimate problem is posed for the last construction. The analytic solution is not as useful as the simulations because of the inherent counting problems in the construction.     

Preface

Preface

Preface     

The diphenyliodonium-2-carboxylates: An NMR structure investigation

Diphenyliodonium-2-carboxylate, phenyl 4-methylphenyliodonium-2-carboxylate and phenyl 5-methyl-phenyliodonium-2-carboxylate have been examined by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Each compound showed one proton considerably upfield from the others. From the two substituted compounds this was deduced to be H-6 on the ring containing the carboxylate group. Shift reagents and relaxation measurements were used to make the ¹³C chemical shift assignments. These data are most consistent with a cyclic, neutral structure for these iodonium carboxylates. The iodine is in the center of a trigonal bipyramid with the unsubstituted phenyl and carboxylate group apical, which places the C-6 proton in the shielding region of the adjacent phenyl group.     

Spin-flop ordering from frustrated ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions: a combined theoretical and experimental study of a Mn/Fe(100) monolayer

The occurrence of a noncollinear magnetic structure at a Mn monolayer grown epitaxially on Fe(100) is predicted theoretically, using spinor density-functional theory, and observed experimentally, using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and linear dichroism (XMLD) spectroscopies. The combined use of XMCD and XMLD at the Mn-absorption edge allows us to assess the existence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order at the interface, and also to determine the moment orientations with element specificity. The experimental results thus obtained are in excellent agreement with the magnetic structure determined theoretically.     

Existence theory for nonclassical entropy solutions of scalar conservation laws

We establish a general existence theory for the Cauchy problem associated with a scalar conservation law in one-space dimension. The flux-function is assumed to be nonconvex and we consider nonclassical entropy solutions selected by a kinetic relation. To solve the Cauchy problem, we construct a sequence of approximate solutions using a wave-front tracking scheme. The main difficulty is deriving a uniform estimate on the total variation of the approximate solutions. This is achieved here by introducing a generalized total variation functional, which is decreasing in time and, additionally, reduces to the standard total variation functional when the solutions contain only classical shocks. This functional seems sufficiently robust to be useful for systems as well.Received: June 3, 2002; revised: November 12, 2002     

Vinyl acetate formation by the reaction of ethylene with acetate species on oxygen-covered Pd(111)

The reaction pathway of vinyl acetate synthesis is scrutinized by reacting gas-phase ethylene (at an effective pressure of 1 x 10-4 Torr) with eta2-acetate species (with a coverage of 0.31 +/- 0.02 monolayer) on a Pd(111)-O(2x2) model catalyst surface in ultrahigh vacuum. It is found that the 1414 cm-1 infrared feature due to the symmetric OCO stretching mode of the acetate species decreases in intensity due to reaction with gas-phase ethylene, while temperature-programmed desorption experiments demonstrate that vinyl acetate is formed. The formation of ethylidyne species is detected when almost all of the acetate species have been removed. The experimental removal kinetics are reproduced by a model in which adsorbed acetates react with an ethylene-derived (possibly ethylene or vinyl) species, where ethylene adsorption is blocked by the acetate present on the surface.     

Phonon density of states and compression behavior in iron sulfide under pressure

We report the partial phonon densities of states (DOS) of iron sulfide, a possible component of the rocky planet's core, measured by the 57Fe nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and calculate the total phonon DOS under pressure. From the phonon DOS, we drive thermodynamic parameters. A comparison of the observed and estimated compressibilities makes it clear that there is a large pure electronic contribution in the observed compressibility in the metallic state. Our results present the observation of thermodynamic parameters of iron sulfide with the low-spin state of an Fe2+ ion at the high density, which is similar to the condition of the Martian core.     

Accurate sensitivity in optically preamplified direct detection

We present a novel model for calculating the bit error rate in optical communication systems in the case of on-off keying intensity modulation and optically preamplified direct detection. The model accounts for the intersymbol interference and is based on the Laguerre photon-count probability distribution predicted by photodetection theory. For a non-return-to-zero modulation format an accurate value of the sensitivity for a quantum-limited receiver of 33.9 photons/bit is obtained.