厄尔尼诺和南方涛动海气耦合模型中参数估计的变分方法

提出一种基于变分原理估计厄尔尼诺和南方涛动海气耦合模型中未知参数的方法. 首先将所研究的非线性海气耦合动力方程引入到目标泛函中; 接着利用变分方法导出伴随方程和待辨识参数泛函梯度的公式; 然后设计了估计未知参数的算法.数值试验结果表明变分方法是一 种能有效估计海气耦合非线性系统未知参数的方法.     

LC Coupled with TOFMS for Metabonomics Study of Mini-pigs with Atherosclerosis

In this study, serum metabolic profiles of mini-pigs with atherosclerosis (AS) were analyzed by LC–TOFMS. Partial least-squares to latent structure-discriminant analysis and orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis were used for group differentiation and selection of potential biomarkers. The mini-pig disease models were constructed by feeding a high-fat diet and inducing coronary injury, in accordance with the mechanism of AS pathogenesis. To characterize the development of AS, serum samples were collected and analyzed at two time points (two and ten weeks). Separate distinct clustering of results from normal and model mini-pigs could be observed for both the two and ten-week samples. With the development of AS, the metabolism of the model mini-pigs was more substantially disturbed. Major metabolites contributing to the discrimination were fatty acids, lysophosphatidylcholines, and bile acids. These potential biomarkers are related with inflammation, oxidative stress, and abnormal lipid and energy metabolism.

     

Scope and regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides with methyl 2-perfluoroalkynoates for an easy,metal-free route to perfluoroalkylated 1,2,3-triazoles

1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of methyl 2-perfluoroalkynoates with various azides have been examined, leading to a simple metal-free synthetic protocol for the synthesis of perfluoroalkylated 1,2,3-triazoles. The regiochemical results demonstrated that the cycloaddition was controlled by FMO (the frontier molecular obitals) interaction and steric hindrance in transition states.     

The 23 K superconducting phase YPd2B2C

We have carried out a systematic structural, electric, and magnetic study on Y---Pd---B---C samples with different compositions with emphasis on the as-cast and annealed YPd₅B₃C_0.3 which was first reported to superconduct at 23 K by Cava et al. We found that the tetragonal body-centered YPd₂B₂C with lattice parameters a=3.71 Å and c=10.81 Å is the phase responsible for the 23 K superconductivity and that YPd₂B₂C is metastable, which is consistent with the suggestion made by Cava et al. [1]: it is not stable at high temperatures nor stabilizable by Ni doping, although its isostructural compound, YNi₂B₂C, exists. Two new phases with Y:Pd ratios of 1:7 and 2:3, respectively, have also bee detected.     

Fe、Co、Ni混合团簇磁性的密度泛函研究

基于13原子二十面体结构,采用密度泛函方法系统计算研究了Fe、Co及Ni单质及二元混合团簇的磁性.发现有限温度下团簇磁性随结构畸变的敏感性随Fe、Co、Ni顺序逐渐减弱,同时发现二十面体结构Fe_(13)及Co_(13)均具有不同磁矩的近简并低能态.对FeNi及CoNi混合团簇、其磁矩随组分的变化不存在反常现象,但对于FeCo混合团簇、其磁矩随组分的演化行为存在个别反常现象.我们认为:这种反常现象能够对FeCo非晶合金中的实验观测结果提供一种可能的理论解释.     

基于状态驻留时间下由转移弧产生输出的HMM模型中的参数估计

本讨论了用状态驻留时间来模型化传统的HMM模型。HMM的一个基本假设是它认为语音信号是准平稳的。然而由状态输出yt的HMM模型，并不能很好地表征语音信号中平稳段或平稳段之间的具体特征；由转移弧产生输出的自左向右HMM系统,则对语音特征作更为细致的描述。本主要讨论在[2]的基础上,对新建模型进行参数估计。     

Real solutions of the equation ϕ(X)=1/nJ n

For ann x n real matrixX, let ?(X)=X ο (X ^?1) ^T , where ο stands for the Hadamard (entrywise) product. SupposeA, B, C andD aren x n real nonsingular matrices, and among them there are at least one solutions to the equation ?(X)=1/nJ _n . An equivalent condition which enable $M = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} A & B \\ C & D \\ \end{array} } \right)$ become a real solution to the equation ?(X)=1/2nJ _2n , is given. As applications, we get new real solutions to the matrix equation ?(X)-1/2nJ _2n by applying the results of Zhang, Yang and Cao [SIAM. J. Matrix Anal. Appl, 21 (1999), pp: 642–645] and Chen [SIAM. J. Matrix Anal. Appl, 22 (2001), pp:965–970]. At the same time, all solutions of the matrix equation ?(X)=1/4J ₄ are also given.