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11.
(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺反相微乳液共聚合研究 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
采用SPAN-OP复合乳化剂和K_2S_2O_8-Na_2SO_3氧化还原引发剂,进行(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺的反相微乳液共聚合。测得单体的竞聚率r_(DM·MC)=1.11±0.16,r_(AM)=0.53±0.08。在单体总浓度为20—40%(wt),引发剂浓度为0.01—0.05%,乳化剂浓度为10—18%,聚合温度为299K的条件下,得到共聚反应动力学方程:R_p=k[M]~(1.07)[I]~(0.52)[E]~(0.90),文中对上述结果做了解释。 相似文献
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提出了液相色谱串联质谱测定蜂蜜和鱼肉中烟曲霉素残留量的分析方法。蜂蜜样品和鱼肉样品分别用磷酸盐缓冲液和乙腈提取,经Oasis MAX固相萃取柱净化后,在Kinetex C18(2.6μm×2.1 mm×100 mm)反相色谱柱上以乙腈-0.1%甲酸酸水溶液(70+30)为流动相色谱分离,采用电喷雾正离子扫描、多反应监测模式(ESI+-MRM)进行质谱检测,外标法定量。方法的测定下限(10S/N)蜂蜜为2μg/kg,鱼肉为5μg/kg。在2~100μg/L的浓度范围内呈良好线性,线性相关系数>0.9997。方法在3个水平的添加回收率在75.4%~79.6%之间,相对标准偏差在6.4%~8.4%之间。方法适用于蜂产品和鱼肉中烟曲霉素残留的定量及确证检测。 相似文献
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二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵—丙烯酰胺反相乳液聚合的动力学特征研究 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
采用油酸失水山梨醇酯(SPAN)-壬基酚聚氧化乙烯醚(OP)复合乳化剂与K2S2O8-Na2SO3氧化还原引发剂,进行二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺反相乳液共聚合,测得单体的竞聚率为γDADMAC=0.14±0.11,γAM=5.05±0.66;在单体浓度为25─45%,引发剂浓度0.06—0.1%,乳化剂浓度为5—9%,聚合温度303K条件下,得到了共聚反应动力学方程:Rp=k[M]0.68[I]1.31[E]0.73,文中对上述结果做了解释. 相似文献
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Dabkowska I Gonzalez HV Jurecka P Hobza P 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2005,109(6):1131-1136
Stabilization energies of the H-bonded and stacked structures of a DNA base pair were studied in the crystal structures of adenine-thymine, cytosine-guanine, and adenine-cytosine steps as well as in the 5'-d(GCGAAGC)-3' hairpin (utilizing the NMR geometry). Stabilization energies were determined as the sum of the complete basis set (CBS) limit of MP2 stabilization energies and the Delta E(CCSD(T)) - Delta E(MP2) correction term evaluated with the 6-31G*(0.25) basis set. The CBS limit was determined by a two-point extrapolation using the aug-cc-pVXZ basis sets for X = D and T. While the H-bonding energies are comparable to those of base pairs in a crystal and a vacuum, the stacking energies are considerably smaller in a crystal. Despite this, the stacking is still important and accounts for a significant part of the overall stabilization. It contributes equally to the stability of DNA as does H-bonding for AT-rich DNAs, while in the case of GC-rich DNAs it forms about one-third of the total stabilization. Interstrand stacking reaches surprisingly large values, well comparable to the intrastrand ones, and thus contributes significantly to the overall stabilization. The hairpin structure is characterized by significant stacking, and both guanine...cytosine pairs possess stacking energies larger than 11.5 kcal/mol. A high portion of stabilization in the studied hairpin comes from stacking (similar to that found for AT-rich DNAs) despite the fact that it contains two GC Watson-Crick pairs having very large H-bonding stabilization. The DFT/B3LYP/6-31G** method yields satisfactory values of interaction energies for H-bonded structures, while it fails completely for stacking. 相似文献
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流动注射在线分离富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的形态 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
采用单阀阴离子和阳离子交换树脂微柱并联 ,两柱交替采样逆向洗脱流动注射在线分离富集环境水样中Cr(Ⅲ )和Cr(Ⅵ ) ,分别用 15 %HNO3和 8%NH4 NO3洗脱 ,火焰原子吸收光谱法直接检测。富集 1min时Cr(Ⅲ )和Cr(Ⅵ )的特征浓度分别为 :1 5 0 μg·L- 1 和 1 39μg·L- 1 ,Cr(Ⅲ )和Cr(Ⅵ )检出限 (3σ)分别为 1 0 3μg·L- 1 和 0 5 4 μg·L- 1 ;相对标准偏差 (10 μg·L- 1 )分别为 :3 4 1%和 1 80 % ,分析样品加标回收率在 93 5 %~ 10 7 5 %之间。 相似文献
17.
JEONG-HAN KANG SEUNG-YEAL HA KYUNGKEUN KANG EUNHEE JEONG 《The Journal of mathematical sociology》2014,38(1):47-71
When cultural tastes are not neutral but hierarchically matched to social status, people assimilate themselves to higher status by consuming cultural goods while distinguishing themselves from lower status by developing new tastes. Extending the Cucker-Smale model for mutual influence among agents, we examine when and how many cultural classes emerge from continuous distributions of tastes and what conditions those classes satisfy, through the assimilation-distinction mechanism. We simulate the models with different initial distributions of tastes (uniform, normal, and chi-square), given various ranges of 2 parameters: (a) the strength and (b) the range of distinction relative to assimilation. Tastes are flocking and cultural classes emerge when the range of assimilation is much larger than that of distinction. The number of classes increases with the strength of distinction, whereas the distance between classes equals the range of distinction. Some properties of emergent classes are mathematically proved. First, in a two-class system, the stronger distinction, the larger the upper class. Second, in a three-class system, the middle class is necessarily larger than the lower class and likely larger than the upper class. Third, a 3-class system cannot emerge if distinction is weaker than assimilation. These properties are universal and do not depend on the initial distribution of cultural tastes. This independence predicts homogeneous cultural classes emerging across different social conditions. Also, the cultural middle class as the largest group may explain why subjective class consciousness is often higher than objective position. Unless assimilating efforts can reach an infinite range, there emerges a cultural outcast at the lowest end of the cultural hierarchy. 相似文献
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大视角两步彩虹全息术 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
本文巧妙地运用了全息图的光路可逆性,采用两面反射镜与小面积全息图相结合,制得了视场角接近180°的大视角彩虹全息图.整个过程分两步完成,无需任何特殊的光学元件.文中给出了实验结果,并进行了讨论. 相似文献