Observation of the V2O5(001) surface using ambient atomic force microscopy

Constant force images of the V₂O₅(001) surface were recorded in ambient conditions with atomic force microscopy. All images exhibit the 11.5 Å × 3.5 Å. periodicity expected for a bulk terminated surface. However, images reveal differences from the ideal structure. The experimental results are interpreted in terms of preferential adsorption sites for water molecules. Because these sites are thought to influence the catalytic properties of the surface, their characterization is an important step towards understanding how the atomic-scale structure of a surface influences its properties.     

Effect of Carbonized Conditions on Residual Strain and Crystallinity Quality of Heteroepitaxial Growth 3C-SiC Films

Heteroepitaxial growth of SiC on n-Si（111） substrates is performed by a low pressure chemicaJ vapor deposition process. The effects of different carbonized temperature and carbonized time on the crystalline quality and the residual strain of 3C-SiC films are discussed. The results show that the residual strain is obviously reduced and the crystalline quality is greatly improved at the best carbonized temperature of 1000℃ and the carbonized time of 5 min. Under these optimized carbonization conditions, thick epitaxial films of about 15 μm with good crystalline quality and low residual strain can be obtained.     

亚甲基蓝在胶体银表面的吸附——表面增强拉曼光谱和密度泛函理论计算

获得了不同浓度下亚甲基蓝(methylene blue,MB)溶液在银溶胶中的表面增强拉曼光谱。结果表明： 亚甲基蓝分子与银纳米粒子高浓度下物理吸附为主,低浓度下化学吸附为主;不同浓度下存在不同的吸附取向,即高浓度下为“直立”取向,低浓度为“平躺”取向。通过观察低浓度下MB在银胶中吸附时间对谱图的影响,得知低浓度下吸附取向不随时间发生变化。应用密度泛函(DFT)方法在B3LYP/6-31+G*和LANL2DZ基组水平上对亚甲基蓝阳离子(MB+)及MB+与Ag原子形成的不同构型体系进行了结构优化和频率计算。实验与理论计算结果表明,MB+有可能通过N—Ag和S—Ag与Ag原子形成两种较强的吸附构型。电荷布居分析表明,与S原子相比,芳香环上的N原子更易与Ag发生相互作用。还对实验观察到的部分谱峰及它们的振动模式作出了初步归属和讨论。     

SOLEIL shining on the solution‐state structure of biomacromolecules by synchrotron X‐ray footprinting at the Metrology beamline

Synchrotron X‐ray footprinting complements the techniques commonly used to define the structure of molecules such as crystallography, small‐angle X‐ray scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance. It is remarkably useful in probing the structure and interactions of proteins with lipids, nucleic acids or with other proteins in solution, often better reflecting the in vivo state dynamics. To date, most X‐ray footprinting studies have been carried out at the National Synchrotron Light Source, USA, and at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble, France. This work presents X‐ray footprinting of biomolecules performed for the first time at the X‐ray Metrology beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation source. The installation at this beamline of a stopped‐flow apparatus for sample delivery, an irradiation capillary and an automatic sample collector enabled the X‐ray footprinting study of the structure of the soluble protein factor H (FH) from the human complement system as well as of the lipid‐associated hydrophobic protein S3 oleosin from plant seed. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the structural integrity of both proteins was not affected by the short exposition to the oxygen radicals produced during the irradiation. Irradiated molecules were subsequently analysed using high‐resolution mass spectrometry to identify and locate oxidized amino acids. Moreover, the analyses of FH in its free state and in complex with complement C3b protein have allowed us to create a map of reactive solvent‐exposed residues on the surface of FH and to observe the changes in oxidation of FH residues upon C3b binding. Studies of the solvent accessibility of the S3 oleosin show that X‐ray footprinting offers also a unique approach to studying the structure of proteins embedded within membranes or lipid bodies. All the biomolecular applications reported herein demonstrate that the Metrology beamline at SOLEIL can be successfully used for synchrotron X‐ray footprinting of biomolecules.     

基于DMD光谱可调的星模拟器光源光学系统设计

为满足在各种谱线分布下对星敏感器探测能力的高准确度标定,提出了一种基于数字微镜器件的光谱可调星模拟器光源光学系统设计方法,以解决星模拟器与星敏感器观星色温不匹配对星敏感器光信号定标准确度产生的问题.首先,根据设计指标选取Czerny-Turner型光学系统为光源光学系统,对Czerny-Turner型光学系统的彗差和象散进行分析,选取消彗差的Czerny-Turner结构;其次利用MATLAB程序求解Czerny-Turner型光学系统初始结构并应用ZEMAX对其进行优化;最后对光学系统进行公差分析.公差分析结果表明,在400~1 100nm的工作谱段范围内,光学系统的光谱分辨率小于2nm,设计结果满足要求,有效降低了光谱不匹配带来的定标误差.     

反应堆孔道屏蔽计算的蒙特卡罗方法

建立临界源方向偏倚和指数变换相结合的耦合抽样方法,用于反应堆孔道的屏蔽计算.提出了算例问题的最佳源方向偏倚参数p₁和指数变换参数p₂,得到的耦合抽样方法更能有效降低计算结果的方差.校算了中国核动力院脉冲堆的切向孔道,其中耦合抽样方法的计算结果更接近于实验测量值.     

钕、钐-邻苯二甲酸-1,10-邻菲咯啉配合物的合成及谱学性质

合成了稀土钕、钐的邻苯二甲酸 1,10 邻菲咯啉二元、三元配合物 ,通过元素分析、1HNMR、中红外光谱、差热 热重分析 ,确定了配合物的组成为RE2 L3 ·2H2 O ,RE2 L3 phen·2H2 O(RE :稀土离子 ,L :邻苯二甲酸根 ,phen :1,10 邻菲咯啉 ) ,讨论了配合物的谱学性质 ,并对配合物的远红外光谱、拉曼光谱进行了归属研究。     

可同时测量真温及光谱发射率的8波长高温计

基于提出的新的多光谱测温法的数据处理方法 ,研制了一种可以自动识别目标真温及光谱发射率的新型多波长高温计。其光路系统采用棱镜分光技术 ,克服了以往用光导纤维分光、干涉滤光片限定工作波长的缺点 ;数据采集系统采用 SA6 8D2 2模块 ,可以实现数据的无线传输。基于提出的新的发射率假设模型 ,使得此多波长高温计可用于大多数工程材料的目标真温及光谱发射率的测量     

反应堆核泵浦~3He-Ar-Xe气体激光腔内能量沉积数值模拟研究

在 TRIM软件计算结果的基础上利用蒙卡方法编制了能量沉积效率与损失率的 EDL计算软件 ,模拟计算了泵浦腔尺寸、混合气体中 3 He分压等参数与能量沉积密度之间的关系 ,研究了反应堆核泵浦激光腔内的能量沉积问题 ,推导出了能量沉积密度的函数关系式。     

Investigation of the energy resolution with a RETGEM detector

A novel Micro-pattern gaseous detector (MPGD), thick GEM with electrodes made of a resistive material (RETGEM) is presented. In this paper we mainly investigate the energy resolution of a RETGEM in Ar+CO_2 with different gas mixtures. The results indicate that an energy resolution 30% in single and double mode can be obtained. The existence of an optimum energy resolution is discussed.