Second harmonic generation in graphene

Second harmonic generation in graphene has been theoretically studied. Phenomenological analysis based on symmetry arguments is carried out. It is demonstrated that second harmonic generation in ideal graphene samples is possible only if the radiation wave vector or its magnetic field is taken into account. Microscopic theory is developed for the classical regime of radiation interaction with electrons, where the photon energy is much lower than the characteristic energy of charge carriers. It is demonstrated that the emitted radiation can be strongly circularly polarized for the linearly polarized incident wave.     

基于彩色光栅投影的快速三维测量方法

 针对条纹投影术提取物体高度信息的问题,提出了一种新的基于彩色光栅投影的三维测量方法。对选取G分量为255,R,B分量各取0或255而组成的青、白、黄、绿四色遵循格雷码原理进行编码,然后将G分量作正弦调制形成投影光栅投向被测物体。提取采集到的光栅变形图中G分量,利用傅里叶变换方法得到其初始相位;同时对采集到图像中的R,B分量作阈值迭代分割而G分量自动赋值为255,综合三分量信息得到条纹颜色信息进而获取条纹的周期信息,从而展开相位。全过程仅需投影一幅彩色光栅图就能完成三维测量,实验结果表明该算法易于实现,在测量实时性和精确性上表现良好。     

诃子与川楝子配伍后挥发油化学成分分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法将诃子与川楝子按1∶1的质量比配伍后提取挥发油,并用GC-M S联机技术对其化学成分进行研究,分离出249个组分,鉴定了其中的13个,主要成分有单[2-乙基己基]邻苯二甲酸、2,2′-亚甲基叔丁基对甲酚,乙基（2E）-3-[4-甲氧基苯基]-2-丙烯、7-甲基-Z-十四烯-1-醇酯。     

地声参数及传播损失不确定性估计与建模

地声参数的不确定性对水声传播具有重要的影响。通过贝叶斯理论建立水声环境不确定性推理模型,理论推导了地声参数的似然函数以及地声参数和传播损失的后验概率密度,并采用MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo)进行了仿真计算,给出了地声参数的二维后验联合概率密度和一维边缘概率密度,在此基础上对传播损失的不确定性进行了估计,得到了传播损失80%的可信区间。仿真和实验结果表明,该方法适用于地声参数反演和不确定性估计,并能获取因地声参数不确定性导致的传播损失不确定性估计。     

Generation of high harmonics by an alternating electric field in superlattices based on graphene

The conductivity of a superlattice based on graphene in an alternating electric field with a vector of intensity directed along the axis of the superlattice is described. The electronic system is described in terms of the kinetic Boltzmann equation in approximation of a constant time of relaxation. Nonlinear responses to the applied harmonic field are calculated and analyzed.     

Positron emission isotope production cyclotron in DLNP JINR (Status Report)

A C10-cyclotron for radioisotope production is under construction at the Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problem, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (DLNP JINR). It is a compact isochronous cyclotron for accelerating H⁻ ions to the energy of about 10 MeV. The magnetic system, vacuum chamber and accelerating system is being built now. Results of the calculation and forming of the cyclotron magnetic field and the study of the beam dynamics from an ion source to an extraction system in calculated magnetic field are presented. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

大离轴量凹面取样镜的设计

根据系统的使用要求以及椭球面特有的成像性质,提出使用离轴椭球面来完成光束取样和完善成像的设计方式.利用设计输入,计算出镜面的初始结构参数,得到离轴椭球面的二次曲线方程,将计算结果带入光学设计软件ZEMAX中验证成像质量.结果表明:离轴椭球面不但将物点和像点分开,减小了系统的长度,而且在像点处成完善像,将离轴成像转换为轴上成像,使后续光斑成像系统的高质量成像易于实现.     

Plasma oscillations in two-dimensional electron systems with a superstructure under Stark quantization conditions

The effect of quantizing electric field on plasma oscillations of two-dimensional electron gas in a system with a periodic potential has been theoretically investigated. The coupled-plasmon spectrum ω(q) is calculated for high temperatures (Δ ? T, where Δ is the conduction miniband width and T is temperature in energy units). The calculations are based on the quantum theory of plasma oscillations in the random-phase approximation, with allowance for the umklapp processes.     

Filtration combustion of charcoal-polyethylene systems

The characteristics of the filtration combustion of a carbon-polyethylene-inert material mixture with superadiabatic heating are experimentally studied. It is demonstrated that the composition of the products and the nature of the thermal degradation of the polymer strongly influence the burning rate and thermal structure of the wave. In the filtration combustion wave, a part of the polymer can be pyrolyzed and carried away by the gas flow, with the rest of it being oxidized in the combustion zone.     

铪元素及其同位素的发现：技术进步和思想发展的共同结晶

1869年，门捷列夫在第一张元素周期表中的锆元素后留出原子量为180的元素位置，预测铪与锆同族。1913年，原子序数和莫斯莱定律的提出揭示了铪元素在周期表中位置排列的实质，为铪元素的发现提供理论基础。20世纪20年代，玻尔理论的发展证实铪与锆同族，指导科学家从锆矿石中寻找铪元素。1923年，赫维西和科斯特借助X射线光谱技术发现铪元素，彰显了X射线光谱技术的独特价值。20世纪30年代以后，同位素理论和质谱技术促成了铪同位素的发现，使人们对铪元素有了新的认识。总之，铪元素及其同位素的发现是技术进步和思想发展的共同结晶。