Development of an automated flow injection chemiluminescence immunoassay for human immunoglobulin G

The development of a competitive solid phase flow-injection immunoassay with on-column chemiluminescence detection is described. The immunoreactor column consists of a transparent teflon tubing packed with immobilized antibodies. It is placed in front of the photomultiplier tube. The entire assay takes place in this immunoreactor cell. The assay is performed by injection of a mixture of sample HIgG and acridinium labeled HIgG followed by hydrogen peroxide to initiate the chemiluminescence reaction. One assay cycle including regeneration takes 7 min. The system is fully automated and controlled by computer to ensure exact timing resulting in a precision of 1 to 3%, dependent on concentration. The detection limit was 7 fmol. The method was applied to serum samples without any sample clean-up. The average recovery from spiked serum samples was 103%.Dedicated to Professor Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. J.F.K. Huber on the occasion of his 70 birthday     

The45Sc(3He,d)46Ti reaction. DWBA analysis of transitions to states between 7.6 and 11.0 MeV

Angular distributions of transitions to 29 states in⁴⁶Ti between 7.6 and 11.0 MeV excitation energy from the⁴⁵Sc (³He,d) reaction at 15 MeV have been compared with DWBA predictions. The results support previously suggestedT=2 states in⁴⁶Ti.     

Pyrolysis of N-Sulfinylaniline Microwave Detection of the SO Molecule. Preliminary communication

Gas-phase pyrolysis of N-sulfinylaniline at 650–980°C produces SO (³Σ^?), identified by its rotational line, J, K = 2,1 → 1,0 in the microwave spectrum, increasing in intensity with the temperature. SO² was observed with a parallel absorption intensity in the same temperature interval; its partial pressure was determined as ca. 8% at 980°. The results confirm the dissociation of N-sulfinylaniline into phenylnitrene and sulfur monoxide.     

Synthesis of N-Confused Porphyrin Analogues by beta-Azafulvenone Tetramerization

beta-Azafulvenones 16 and 33 were generated from 14 or 18 and 31 or 37, respectively, and directly observed by IR spectroscopy. These heterocyclic ketenes tetramerize to the macrocycles 20 and 34.     

Unsaturated ketenes: A study of their formation and rearrangement by tandem mass spectrometry and low-temperature infrared spectroscopy

A combination of collisional activation mass spectrometry and low-temperature infrared spectroscopy has been used to monitor the production and isomerization of vinyl- and methylene-ketenes. Vinyl- and 2-propenyl-ketenes were produced by flash vacuum pyrolysis of β,γ-unsaturated acid chlorides. Vinyl(carboxyl)ketenes, vinylketenes and methyleneketenes were obtained from Meldrum's acid derivatives (5-alkylidene-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones). The formation of methyleneketenes by pyrolysis of α, β-unsaturated acid chlorides is only indicated in the mass spectrometry experiments. Carbonylcyclopropane was obtained by pyrolysis of cyclopropylcarbonyl chloride or the corresponding Meldrum's acid derivative. The methyleneketenes isomerize to vinylketenes in the gas phase, particularly under conditions involving long contact times. Carbonylcyclopropane thermally decarbonylates to allene, not methylacetylene. Molecular ions of vinylketenes are obtained via pyrolysis of either acid chlorides or Meldrum's acid derivatives. Molecular ions of alkylmethyleneketenes are obtained pure only by electron impact induced fragmentation of Meldrum's acid derivatives.     

Field-dependent [M – 2H]+. formation in the field desorption mass spectrometric analysis of hydrocarbon samples

High-boiling hydrocarbons often yield abundant [M — 2H]^+. ions under the conditions of field desorption mass spectrometry (FDMS). This work evaluated [M — 2H]^+. formation from various saturated and aromatic compounds. The most intense [M — 2H]^+. signals observed resulted from the analysis of saturated compounds containing long and branched chains. The presence of an aromatic ring in a molecule, however, strongly diminished [M — 2H]^+. formation during FDMS. Experiments involving manipulation of the applied potential between the FD anode and cathode reveal the strong field dependence of this phenomenon. At a potential difference of 10 kV, strong [M — 2H]^+. formation occurred for samples including squalane, hexatriacontane (C₃₆ n-alkane) and a Polywax 655 mixture. Analyses of the same samples conducted at a potential difference of 4 kV produced only weak (if measurable) [M — 2H^+.] signals. The magnitude of [M — 2H]^+. formation also decreased as the sample quantity decreased.     

A chemically pumped CO2 laser from the CS2O2 reaction

A chemical laser has been constructed in which simultaneous output is obtained from both CO and CO₂ laser species at 5 and 10 μm, respectively. Excitation of CO₂ is via energy transfer from vibrationally excited CO (CO²) produced in the photolytically initiated reaction: O + CS → CO² + S. Gain measurements at the CO₂ laser frequencies are also reported.     

Palladium-catalyzed coupling of pyrazole triflates with arylboronic acids

[reaction: see text] A general protocol for the palladium-mediated Suzuki coupling reaction of pyrazole triflates and aryl boronic acids has been developed. The use of additional dppf ligand was determined to increase product yields allowing for the use of a broad range of reaction substrates.