Plenary Lecture. New challenges for dot-matrix liquid-crystal displays

Commercially available high-information liquid-crystal display panels are based on both multiplexed twisted nematics or compensated supertwist nematics and on switching arrays of TFTs or MIMs. The corresponding applications are monochrome screens for portable computers and word processors and pocket colour TV sets. The most recent achievements in research and development using multiplexed technologies such as supertwist nematics or electrically controlled birefringence will make possible the fabrication of larger-size colour panels for colour graphics terminals (14 in. diagonal, 8 colours or even full colour). The cost will be reduced by using driving circuits with a large number of outputs and cheaper interconnection techniques (e.g. chip-on-glass, TAB). The main problem of active addressing is the low fabrication yield and the reduced size. Innovations have therefore been proposed to solve these difficulties-new architecture of the TFT matrix, introduction of redundancy, reduction of the critical steps-these will lead to valuable TV applications in the near future. Regarding the emerging technology of ferroelectric liquid crystals, progress has been observed in size, response time, colour and even the capability of grey scales, but all of these possibilities have not yet been demonstrated together. The future challenge for liquid-crystal displays will be without any doubt the feasibility of large colour panels with about four million dots for HDTV. For such metre-sized screens different solutions can be imagined-direct view or projection devices-but in both cases major difficulties remain to be overcome, ranging from cell technology, electrical attenuation and crosstalk to lighting conditions.     

Breakdown of the compound-nucleus model in the fusion-evaporation process for110Pd+110Pd

The fusion of the massive systems¹¹⁰Pd+¹⁰⁴Ru and¹¹⁰Pd+¹¹⁰Pd was uniquely identified by observing the a decay of the evaporation residues. The observed distribution of the fusion cross section on the different evaporation-residue channels is in clear contradiction to calculations based on the compound-nucleus model. As a possible explanation the precompound evaporation of a particles is proposed.     

Hindrance of fusion in central collisions of heavy,symmetric nuclear systems

The energy dependence of the fusion probabilities for central collisions of the systems¹²⁴Sn +^92,94,96Zr and⁸⁶Kr +¹²³Sb was determined from neutron-evaporation-residue cross sections. Near the barrier as calculated from one-dimensional barrier-penetration models, the fusion probability was found to be reduced by several orders of magnitude.     

Zeta distributions associated to a representation of a Jordan algebra

For a regular representation of a Euclidean Jordan algebra, we introduce multi-parameter zeta distributions with harmonic polynomial coefficient. Bernstein-Sato type identities are obtained and used to prove a functional equation. Examples are discussed in relation with Sato's general theory of zeta functions. Received: 9 March 2000; in final form: 7 June 2000 / Published online: 17 May 2001     

Personal computers in the laboratory

Summary Personal computers (small programmable desk-top computers based on microprocessors) offer high computing power at a reasonable price. They are therefore well suitable for analytical laboratories. As today's analysts are not adequately trained in efficiently using these instruments, it appears to be necessary to introduce this subject into the chemistry curriculum in an appropriate way. Proposals in that regard are presented.

---

Persönliche Computer im Laboratorium

Zusammenfassung Persönliche Computer (kleine programmierbare Tischrechner auf der Grundlage von Mikroprozessoren) bieten eine große Rechenkapazität zu einem annehmbaren Preis und eignen sich daher gut für analytische Laboratorien. Da der heutige Analytiker noch nicht ausreichend im rationellen Gebrauch dieser Geräte geschult ist, erscheint es notwendig, dieses Thema in geeigneter Weise in die Ausbildungspläne einzubeziehen. Entsprechende Vorschläge werden diskutiert.

     

The barrier for compound-nucleus formation in the nearly symmetric systems86Kr+123Sb→209Fr and124Sn +94Zr→218Th

Evaporation residues from the fusion of the nearly symmetric systems⁸⁶Kr+¹²³Sb and¹²⁴Sn+⁹⁴Zr have been detected. The compound nucleus²¹⁸Th could be produced with an excitation energy as low as 21 MeV. The barriers for the formation of a compound nucleus were deduced from the evaporation residue cross sections. There is no evidence for an additional amount of energy needed to fuse these systems, if compared with the extrapolation of fusion barrier systematics or with results of fusion model calculations not including friction phenomena. One of the systems reaches a value ofZ ₁·Z ₂=2,000, about the highest value where evaporation residues have ever been observed.     

广义Bethe树上奇偶马尔可夫链场上的若干极限性质

通过构造两个非负鞅证明了一个强极限定理,然后把它应用到本文所定义的广义Bethe树上的奇偶马尔可夫链场上,从而获得了此马氏链场上的一类强极限定理.     

Development of an integrated informatics toolbox: HT kinetic and virtual screening

We discuss thoroughly aspects and issues for the development of a bespoke, but generic, electronic infrastructure designed to cope with the dynamic in high-throughput experimentation and knowledge management, is applicable to large or contract research organizations. We present the first generation of an informatics platform developed for TOPCOMBI, a research project funded by the European Commission for Nanotechnology and Nanoscience. It is composed by an infrastructure and a collection of modules dealing with laboratory analytics, robotics, data handling and analytics, optimization, in-database processing and visualization, which are developed collegially by the partners of the Consortium. This best-of-breed informatics system enables the capture and the re-usage of processes and methodologies, i.e. process and data flows, using the workflow paradigm. Complex workflows designed by power users can be eventually used by either other domain experts or by novices through a web portal. Workflows can also be run interactively to allow visual analytics for instance, or automatically. We present two case studies dealing with the kinetic study of glycerol catalytic oxidation using parallel equipments, and a novel, fully integrated QSAR applied in heterogeneous catalysis, respectively.