路易氏剂红外吸收截面积的测定与光谱模拟

采用长程傅里叶红外光谱仪在600～1 600 cm-1波段内对不同浓度路易氏剂-1的气相红外透射光谱进行了测量,其特征频率为814,930,1 563 cm-1;并运用比尔-朗伯定律计算了对应特征频率的红外吸收截面积σ值,依次为3.89±0.01, 1.43±0.06, 4.47±0.05(×10-20 cm2·molecule-1)。路易氏剂-1测量光谱在1 158和1 288 cm-1处也有微弱的吸收峰。利用Gaussian09软件包中的密度泛函理论对系列路易氏剂的红外光谱进行理论模拟,其稳定构型和振动频率在b3lyp/6-311+g(d,p)水平上计算。并利用可视化软件Gaussview5.08对各频率的振动模式进行归属。理论计算的红外光谱和实测光谱在600～1 600 cm-1波段内非常吻合,特征频率的相关系数为0.999 1。计算光谱还发现了0～600 cm-1波段内与砷原子有关的振动频率,为293,360和374 cm-1。用最小二乘法处理试验和计算结果中的特征频率,得到了适合路易氏剂-1的红外光谱频率矫正因子为0.977。利用该矫正因子对路易氏剂-1,路易氏剂-2,路易氏剂-3的红外光谱计算频率进行矫正。结果表明获得的路易氏剂理论红外吸收光谱可为该系列化合物的结构性质预测和远程红外光谱监测等提供参考。     

碲化铋取向纳米柱状薄膜热导率测量

将热电材料制作成纳米柱状薄膜结构是一种理论上能有效降低热导率、从而大幅提升热电优值的操控手段。但是随之而来的问题是纳米柱状薄膜热导率的精确获取困难,因为常规的热物性测试手段已无法适用于该类表面多孔、厚度为微米量级结构热输运特性的表征。本文提出利用3ω方法可实现Bi_2Te_3取向纳米柱状薄膜热导率实验表征的测量结构,并且获得了纳米柱状薄膜的热导率和热扩散率值。该方法有望用于微米厚纳米柱状薄膜结构热输运性能的实验评价。     

利用固体物理LED发光原理测量普朗克常数

普朗克常数是物理学中一个重要的常数,利用二极管的量子特性探讨运用发光二极管来测量普朗克常数。通过测量二极管的伏安曲线,确定其阈值电压,根据相关量子理论,间接得出普朗克常数,通过与光电效应法测量普朗克常数的测量结果相比较,结果表明此误差略大,但作为一种新型的实验方法探索,对于开拓学生的综合素养还是非常有益的。     

Suppressing the weakly bound states in the photoassociation dynamics by a frequency cut-off laser pulse

The photoassociation dynamics of ultracold lithium atoms controlled by a cut-off pulse has been investigated theoretically by solving numerically the time-dependent Schrödinger equation using the mapped Fourier grid method. The frequency components of the laser pulse close to the atomic resonance are partly cut off. Compared with the typical Gauss-type pulses, the cut-off pulse is helpful to suppress efficiently the weakly bound states and prepare the associated molecules in the lower vibrational states. Especially, the dependence of photoassociation probability on the cut-off position of the laser pulse is explored.     

Propagation of Airy beams from right-handed material to left-handed material

Based on the ABCD matrix formalism,the propagation property of an Airy beam from right-handed material(RHM) to left-handed material(LHM) is investigated.The result shows that when the Airy beam propagates in the LHM,the intensity self-bending due to its propagation in the RHM can be compensated.In particular,if the propagation distance in the RHM is equal to that in the LHM and the refractive index of the LHM is n L =-1,the transverse intensity distribution of the Airy beam can return to its original state.     

Sm~(3+),Sr~(2+)共掺杂对CeO_2基电解质性能影响的密度泛函理论+U计算

Sm~(3+),Sr~(2+)共掺杂CeO_2的离子电导率被证实可高达Sm~(3+)掺杂CeO_2离子电导率的近两倍,然而,共掺杂对CeO_2电导率的作用机理尚不明确.本文利用第一性原理计算的密度泛函理论+U方法,对Sm~(3+)和Sr~(2+)共掺杂的CeO_2进行了系统的研究,对比Sm~(3+)或Sr~(2+)单掺杂的CeO_2体系,计算并分析了共掺杂体系的电子态密度、能带结构、氧空位形成能以及氧空位迁移能等微观属性.计算结果表明,Sm~(3+),Sr~(2+)的共掺杂对CeO_2基电解质性能的提高具有协同效应,二者的共掺杂不仅能协同抑制CeO_2体系的电子电导率,还能在单掺杂CeO_2的基础上进一步降低氧空位形成能,Sm~(3+)的存在还有助于降低Sr~(2+)对氧空位的俘获作用,而Sr~(2+)的加入则能够在Sm~(3+)掺杂CeO_2的基础上进一步降低最低氧空位迁移能,爬坡式弹性能带方法计算表明共掺杂体系的氧空位迁移能最低可达0.314/0.295 eV,低于Sm~(3+)掺杂CeO_2的最低氧空位迁移能.研究揭示了Sm~(3+),Sr~(2+)共掺杂对CeO_2电导率的协同作用机理,对进一步研发其他高性能的共掺杂电解质材料具有重要的指导意义.     

反向开关晶体管结构优化与特性测试

对半导体脉冲功率开关反向开关晶体管 (RSD)的结构进行了优化,在RSD中引入缓冲层,建立器件数值模型并作仿真分析,结果表明:缓冲层结构起到了截止电场的作用,使得器件基区得以减薄,较传统结构RSD阻断电压升高而开通电压降低。针对RSD的特殊工作方式,提出了RSD开通电压、关断时间等关键参数的测试方案并进行了实验测量。进行了RSD大电流开通试验,直径7.6 cm的堆体在12 kV主电压下成功通过峰值电流173 kA,传输电荷32 C。     

一个赤道太平洋西部边界潜流广义扰动机理的近似解法

研究了一类赤道太平洋西部边界潜流的摄动机理. 考虑了对应的广义控制方程. 首先引入了一个优化的同伦映射，利用相应的映射求得了原模型的近似解. 最后，通过一个例子说明了用同伦映射方法得到的近似解具有较好的精确度. 关键词： 潜流 摄动 近似解     

γ-LiAlO2上非极性ZnO薄膜制备及其光谱性质研究

利用激光脉冲沉积(PLD)技术在(302)γ-LiAlO₂衬底上成功生长了非极性的a面(1120) ZnO薄膜. 衬底温度为350℃时，薄膜是混合取向(a向和c向)，以c面ZnO为主，且晶粒尺寸分布很宽；提高温度达500℃，薄膜变为单一的(1120)取向，摇摆曲线半高宽0.65°，晶粒尺寸分布趋窄，利用偏振透射谱可以明显看出其面内的各向异性. 衬底温度650℃下制备的样品晶粒继续长大，虽然摇摆曲线半高宽变大，但光致发光谱(PL)带边发射峰半高宽仅为105meV，比在350℃，500℃下制备的样品小1/5. 关键词： 非极性ZnO 2')" href="#">γ-LiAlO₂ PLD 透射谱     

Effect of magnon–phonon interaction on transverse acoustic phonon excitation at finite temperature

A magnon–phonon interaction model is developed on the basis of two-dimensional square Heisenberg ferromagnetic system. By using Matsubara Green function theory transverse acoustic phonon excitation is studied and transverse acoustic phonon excitation dispersion curves is calculated on the main symmetric point and line in the first Brillouin zone. On line Σ it is found that there is hardening for transverse acoustic phonon on small wave vector zone (nearby point Γ), there is softening for transverse acoustic phonon on the softening zone and there is hardening for transverse acoustic phonon near point M. On line Δ it is found there is no softening and hardening for transverse acoustic phonon. On line Z it is found that there is softening for transverse acoustic phonon on small wave vector zone (nearby point X) and there is hardening for transverse acoustic phonon nearby point M. The influences of various parameters on transverse acoustic phonon excitation are also explored and it is found that the coupling of the magnon–phonon and the spin wave stiffness constant play an important role for the softening of transverse acoustic phonon.