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981.
Sylvain Gaillard Cédric Fischmeister Christophe M. Thomas Jean-Luc Renaud 《Tetrahedron letters》2008,49(21):3471-3474
A convenient route for the synthesis of a variety of amino-bispyridyl compounds is introduced. Bispyridylamines were prepared in three steps from commercially available 2,6-dibromopyridine, via a copper mediated alkylation followed by two consecutive N-arylation reactions catalyzed by copper and palladium, respectively. 相似文献
982.
Filip De Baerdemaeker Milan Šimek Christophe Leys Willy Verstraete 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》2007,27(4):473-485
Among the configurations to generate plasma in electrically conductive liquids only the diaphragm and the capillary discharge
schemes allow to generate plasma which is not in contact with one of the electrodes. Based on this concept, this work reports
for the first time the development of an underwater plasma pump, in which the periodic electrical breakdown inside an asymmetrical
(sub-)millimetre hole results in a net flow of aqueous solution through the hole without the use of any moving parts such
as valves or diaphragms typically used in micropumps. Certain capillary geometries feature very stable flow rates and even
allow altering flow direction by changing the power. By varying the hole’s dimensions, the range of time-independent flow
rates covers more than one order of magnitude and as the discharge produces some of the strongest oxidants available, we believe
that this concept might find application in fields as water decontamination and sterilization. 相似文献
983.
984.
985.
Christophe Barrera-Esteve Florent Bergeret Charles Dossal Emmanuel Gobet Asma Meziou Rémi Munos Damien Reboul-Salze 《Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability》2006,8(4):517-540
In the natural gas market, many derivative contracts have a large degree of flexibility. These are known as Swing or Take-Or-Pay options. They allow their owner to purchase gas daily, at a fixed price and according to a volume of their choice. Daily,
monthly and/or annual constraints on the purchased volume are usually incorporated. Thus, the valuation of such contracts
is related to a stochastic control problem, which we solve in this paper using new numerical methods. Firstly, we extend the
Longstaff–Schwarz methodology (originally used for Bermuda options) to our case. Secondly, we propose two efficient parameterizations
of the gas consumption, one is based on neural networks and the other on finite elements. It allows us to derive a local optimal
consumption law using a stochastic gradient ascent. Numerical experiments illustrate the efficiency of these approaches. Furthermore,
we show that the optimal purchase is of bang-bang type.
相似文献
986.
Christophe Chalons 《Comptes Rendus Mathematique》2006,342(8):623-626
This Note presents a very efficient numerical strategy for computing weak solutions of a scalar conservation law which fails to be genuinely nonlinear. In such a situation, the dynamics of shock solutions turns out to be mainly driven by a prescribed kinetic function that imposes the speed of propagation of the discontinuities. We show how to enforce the validity of the kinetic criterion at the discrete level. The resulting scheme provides, in addition, sharp profiles. Numerical evidence are included. To cite this article: C. Chalons, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 342 (2006). 相似文献
987.
988.
989.
Nicolas Moitessier Christophe Henry Nicolas Aubert Yves Chapleur 《Tetrahedron letters》2005,46(37):6191-6194
A series of orthogonally protected polyaminated carbohydrate scaffolds have been prepared on a multi-gram scale. 相似文献
990.
α,α-Difluoroacylsilanes were synthesised directly from a range of allyl ethers of trifluoroethanol via dehydrofluorination/metallation procedures, followed by thermal [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of the intermediate vinylmetals. The scope and limitations of ether synthesis and dehydrofluorination/metallation are described. 相似文献