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561.
The optical and electrical behavior was investigated of a symmetric liquid crystal (LC) cell: ITO–silane–LC–silane–ITO. The silane layer induces a perfect homeotropic alignment of the molecules of the studied electroclinic liquid crystal (ELC) material, BDH 764E. A field-induced transition from the perfect homeotropic to planar orientation in the chiral smectic C (SmC*) and smectic A (SmA) phases of the ELC was observed. Optical and dielectric studies were performed for both alignment (geometry) modes. The field-induced transition from the homeotropic to planar orientation was studied vis-à-vis the high negative dielectric anisotropy obtained in the studied material. Such an ELC with large negative dielectric anisotropy and perfect homeotropic alignment may have important implications for modern LC display technology. 相似文献
562.
Choudhary MI Sultan S Yaqoob M Musharraf SG Yasin A Shaheen F Atta-Ur-Rahman 《Natural product research》2003,17(6):389-395
Incubation of cortisol (1) with Gibberella fujikuruoi for 12 days yielded an oxidatively cleaved product, 11beta-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3,17-dione (2), while incubation with Bacillus subtilis and Rhizopus stolonifer yielded the reduced product, 11beta, 17alpha,20,21-tetrahydroxy-(20S)-pregn-4-en-3-one (3). Other reduced products, 11beta, 17alpha, 21-trihydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-3, 20-dione (4) and 3beta, 11beta, 17alpha, 21-tetrahydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (5) were obtained by incubation of compound 1 with Bacillus cerus. The inhibitory activity of compounds 1-5 against prolyl endopeptidase enzyme (PEP) was also assayed. Compounds 2 (IC50 162.8 microM) and 4 (IC50 157 microM) have shown significant inhibitory activity against PEP. 相似文献
563.
564.
The formation of carbonaceous clusters in ion‐irradiated polymer films was investigated extensively. Information about these clusters may be obtained with ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The optical band gap (Eg), calculated from the absorption edge of the UV spectra of these polymers, can be correlated to the number of carbon atoms (N) in a cluster with the modified Tauc equation. The structure of the cluster is also related to Eg; for example, a six‐membered‐benzene‐ring‐type structure has an Eg of ≈5.3 eV, whereas a buckminsterfullerene‐type structure has an Eg of ≈4.9 eV. These clusters are responsible for the electrical conductivity in these films. In this work, polycarbonate films (20 μm thick) were irradiated with 45‐MeV Li ions at fluences of 1 × 1012 to 1 × 1013 cm−2 and were characterized with UV–vis spectroscopy and impedance measurements. The Eg values, calculated from the absorption edge in the 280–315‐nm region with the Tauc relation, varied from 4.39 to 4.35 eV for the pristine and various irradiated samples, respectively. The cluster size showed a range of 60–62 carbon atoms per cluster. The sheet conductivity (σdc) and loss (tan δ) values of 10−16 Ω−1cm−1 and 10−3 for the pristine sample changed to 10−15 Ω−1cm−1 and 10−2, respectively, for the irradiated samples. This increase in the values of σdc and tan δ may be correlated to the increase in the size of the carbonaceous clusters. This study provides insight into the mechanism of electrical conductivity in irradiated polymers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1589–1594, 2000 相似文献
565.
Seven secondary metabolites, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2), ferulic acid (3), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy acetophenone (4), lupeol (5), 2'-O-ethylmurrangatin (6) and hibiscetin heptamethyl ether (7) were the natural products isolated from various medicinal plants. Their structures were identified by spectral comparison with previously reported data. The compounds 1-7 were screened for their tyrosinase-inhibitory activity. The compound p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) was found to have potent activity against tyrosinase enzyme, whereas lupeol (5) showed significant activity. 相似文献
566.
567.
Green synthetic approach has been developed for the rapid generation of thiazolidinone derivatives as crystallized products under catalyst-free conditions in water by polarity adjustment with ethyl lactate as a co-solvent in excellent yields. Additionally, interesting findings on the selective synthesis of 2-amino-4H-1,3-thiazin-4-one and dimethyl 3,3′-thiodiacrylates have been reported. 相似文献
568.
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Biotransformation offers chemo enzymatic system to modify the compounds into their novel analogues which are difficult to synthesize by chemical methods. This paper describes the biotransformational studies of ambrox, one of the most important components of natural Ambergris (wale sperm) with fungal and plant cell culture. RESULTS: Biotransformation of ()-ambrox (1) with a fungal cell culture of Macrophomina phaseolina and a plant cell suspension cultures of Peganum harmala yielded oxygenated products, 3beta- hydroxyambrox (2), 6beta-hydroxyambrox (3), 1alpha-hydroxy-3oxoambrox (4), 1alpha,3beta- dihydroxyambrox (5), 13,14,15,16-tetranorlabdane-3-oxo-8,12-diol (6), 3-oxoambrox (7), 2alpha- hydroxyambrox (8), 3beta-hydroxysclareolide (9), and 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxyambrox (10). Metabolite 4 was found to be new compound. These metabolites were structurally characterized on the basis of spectroscopic studies. CONCLUSION: Nine oxygenated metabolites of ()-ambrox (1) were obtained from Macrophomina phaseolina and Peganum harmala. Enzymatic system of screened organisms introduced hydroxyl and keto functionalities at various positions of compound 1 in a stereo- and regiocontrolled manner. 相似文献
569.
α‐Bromination of alkanones with bromine catalyzed by in situ–generated zinc bromide from zinc dust and bromine in water is investigated. Bromination with dioxane‐dibromide as a source of bromine does not require zinc dust and provides selectively α‐mono and α,α‐dibromo products in excellent yields when water is used as solvent. 相似文献
570.
A. Rauf F. Ahmed A. M. Qureshi Aziz‐ur‐Rehman A. Khan M. I. Qadir M. I. Choudhary Z. H. Chohan M. H. Youssoufid T. Ben Haddad 《中国化学会会志》2011,58(4):528-537
Various novel barbituric and thiobarbituric acid derived sulphonamides were synthesized in excellent yield via three components single pot reaction; and these were screened for in vitro urease inhibition studies against jack bean urease. The compounds 1‐7 were found to exhibit a low to moderate activity whereas compounds 8‐14 showed a significant activity (88.3‐99.9% inhibition determined at 500 μM concentration). Structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis data. 相似文献