Nonlocal properties of entangled two-photon generalized binomial states in two separate cavities

Entangled two-photon generalized binomial states of the electromagnetic field in two separate cavities are considered. The nonlocal properties of this entangled field state are analyzed by studying the electric field correlations between the two cavities. A Bell’s inequality violation is obtained using an appropriate dichotomic cavity operator that is, in principle, measurable. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

On the BKP Hierarchy: Additional Symmetries,Fay Identity and Adler–Shiota–van Moerbeke Formula

We give an alternative proof of the Adler–Shiota–van Moerbeke formula for the BKP hierarchy. The proof is based on a simple expression for the generator of additional symmetries and the Fay identity of the BKP hierarchy.      

Particle Propagation in Cosmological Backgrounds

We analyse the quantum propagation of interacting particles in cosmological backgrounds. The model we use consists of a doublet of massive scalar fields propagating in an expanding universe filled with massless radiation. The masses are much larger than the Hubble expansion rate, so that the number of massive particles is preserved and the fields adequately described within the adiabatic approximation. We focus on the dissipative effects related to the expansion rate by computing the imaginary part of the self-energy. In the quasi static approximation, we recover the expected result that instantaneous decay rate is governed by the local temperature. We then analyse the long time behavior of the propagator to unravel the secular effects induced by the self-energy. We show that these effects can be expressed in terms of integrals of local quantities. Applications to the trans-Planckian question are briefly discussed.     

Marginal Distributions of Wigner Function in a Mesoscopic L-C Circuit at Finite Temperature and Thermal Wigner Operator

Wigner function in phase space has its physical meaning as marginal probability distribution in coordinate space and momentum space respectively, here we endow the Wigner function with a new physical meaning, i.e., its marginal distributions’ statistical average for q ²/(2C) and p ²/(2L) are the energy stored in capacity and in inductance of a mesoscopic L-C circuit at finite temperature, respectively. PACS numbers: 03.65.-w, 73.21.-b     

Symmetries,Conservation Laws and Multipliers via Partial Lagrangians and Noether’s Theorem for Classically Non-Variational Problems

We show how one can construct conservation laws of equations that are not variational but are Euler–Lagrange in part using Noether-type symmetries associated with partial Lagrangians. These Noether-type symmetries are, usually, not symmetries of the system. The resultant construction of the conservation law resorts to a formula equivalent to Noether’s theorem. A variety of examples are given.     

Improvement of a low pH antigen-antibody dissociation procedure for ELISA measurement of circulating anti-Aβ antibodies

Background  

Prior work from our group found that acid dissociation (pH 2.5 incubation) of serum from APP transgenic mice vaccinated against Aβ increased the apparent anti-Aβ titers, suggesting antibody masking by antigen in the ELISA assay. Subsequently, we found that pH 2.5 incubation of serum from unvaccinated non-transgenic mice showed antibody binding to Aβ1–42, but no increase when other proteins, including shorter Aβ peptides, coated the ELISA plate. To investigate further the effects of low pH incubation on apparent anti-Aβ1–42 signals, we examined normal sera from nonTg unvaccinated mice, nonTg mice vaccinated with Aβ peptide (to produce authentic anti-Aβ antibodies) or a monoclonal antibody against Aβ (6E10) using competitive-inhibition ELISA and Aβ epitope mapping assays. In addition, we examined use of a less stringent low pH procedure at pH 3.5, to ascertain if it had the same effects as the pH 2.5 procedure.     

Pigment epithelium-derived factor protects retinal ganglion cells

Background  

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are responsible for the transmission of visual signals to the brain. Progressive death of RGCs occurs in glaucoma and several other retinal diseases, which can lead to visual impairment and blindness. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a potent antiangiogenic, neurotrophic and neuroprotective protein that can protect neurons from a variety of pathologic insults. We tested the effects of PEDF on the survival of cultured adult rat RGCs in the presence of glaucoma-like insults, including cytotoxicity induced by glutamate or withdrawal of trophic factors.     

Controlled Vortex Breakdown on Modified Delta Wings

This paper studies the effect of perturbation to the breakdown of the leading-edge vortices over delta wings. The passive perturbation in the normal direction is achieved by installing the hemisphere-like bulges on the delta wing along the projection of the vortices. The key purpose of this perturbation is to delay or suppress vortex breakdown over delta wings according to the self-induction mechanism theory. The design of bulge-like surface for delta wings offers a minimization of initial vorticity gradient and an elimination of linearly mutual induction within the vortex core. Three delta wings with swept angles of 60°, 65dg and 70° have been used. Dye flow visualization and force measurement in different water tunnels are performed at the water speed of U=0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 m/s. In flow visualization, the results show contributions of bulges as perturbation to leading-edge vortices. The best outcome of perturbing the vortex core occurs in the case of the 65° delta wing. The breakdown positions on the 65° delta wing are delayed in almost the entire range of angles of attack, and that, the results are presented here.