Synthesis and characterization of spin-coatable tert-amine molecules for hole-transport in organic light-emitting diodes

The synthesis of two tert-amine-based, non-fluorescent, hole-transport molecules (4,4′-[bis-{(4-di-n-hexylamino)benzylideneamino)]stilbene (DHABS) and 4,4′-[bis-{(4-diphenylamino)benzylideneamino}]stilbene) (DPABS) that are suitable for spin coating on indium tin oxide (ITO) for electronic device fabrication is described and compared with the widely used TPD. Electroluminescence occurred at a turn-on voltage of 7-8 V in ITO/hole-transport layer (HTL, spin coated)/Alq₃/Al devices.     

Linkage effects on binding affinity and activation of GPR30 and estrogen receptors ERalpha/beta with tridentate pyridin-2-yl hydrazine tricarbonyl-Re/(99m)Tc(I) chelates

We describe a new structural class of neutral tridentate pyridin-2-yl hydrazine chelates for labeling with tricarbonyl Re/99mTc(I) under aqueous conditions and investigate the receptor binding of synthetic estradiol derivatives with the novel G-protein-coupled receptor GPR30 and estrogen receptors ERalpha/beta. The steroid linkage affected the affinity and selectivity of estrogen binding with these receptors. Fluorescence assays based on calcium signaling demonstrate that membrane-permeable chelates 2 and 3 interact with the receptors in whole cells. These results suggest that in vitro assays will facilitate the development of targeted imaging agents for intracellular receptors and the feasibility of targeting GPR30 and ERalpha/beta for diagnostic tumor imaging.     

Spin‐Polarized Symmetric Electron‐Hole Quantum Bilayers: Finite width Effect

In this paper, the effect of finite width on ground‐state properties of a spin‐polarized symmetric electron‐hole quantum bilayers (EHBL) system is investigated at zero temperature. The quantum self‐consistent mean‐field approximation of Singwi, Tosi, Land and Sjölander (qSTLS) is adopted to explore intra‐ and interlayer properties such as the pair‐correlation function, the static density susceptibility, the local‐field corrections and the ground‐state energy. Interestingly, we noticed that due to the inclusion of finite width, the critical density for the onset of Wigner crystal (WC) phase is now lowered as compared to the recent spin‐polarized EHBL system without finite width and unpolarized EHBL system with finite width. Further, spin‐polarization effect is seem to introduce a marked change in the ground‐state energy of EHBL system as compared to that of unpolarized system. Results of ground‐state energy are also compared with the recent EHBL system without finite width (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Altarelli-parisi equation in non-equilibrium QCD

The Q ² evolution of fragmentation function in non-equilibrium QCD by using DGLAP evolution equation may be necessary to study hadron formation from quark-gluon plasma at RHIC and LHC. In this paper we study splitting functions in non-equilibrium QCD by using Schwinger-Keldysh closed-time path integral formalism. For quarks and gluons with arbitrary non-equilibrium distribution functions f _q ( $\vec p$ ) and f _g ( $\vec p$ ), we derive expressions for quark and gluon splitting functions in non-equilibrium QCD at leading order in ?? _s . We make a comparison of these splitting functions with that obtained by Altarelli and Parisi in vacuum.     

Memristive operations demonstrated by gap-type atomic switches

We demonstrate memristive operations using gap-type Ag₂S atomic switches, in which the growth and shrinkage of an Ag protrusion are controlled by using solid-electrochemical reactions. In addition to conventional memristive operations such as those proposed and demonstrated by resistive random-access memories (ReRAMs) using metal oxide compounds, gap-type Ag₂S atomic switches also show new types of memristive operations by storing information from input signals without changing their output until a sufficient number of signals are inputted. The new types of memristive operations resemble the learning process seen in neuroplasticity, where changes occur in the organization of the human brain as a result of experience.     

Monitoring and Accelerating Methods of Corrosion for Reinforced Concrete: A Review

Corrosion is the irreversible, interfacial reaction of metals in the presence of an electrochemical environment which ultimately results in the deterioration of metals. Corrosion of reinforcement is the major problem in the reinforced concrete (RC) structure. Corrosion of reinforcement is a slow process because of the protective layer of concrete. Even in a severely corrosive environment corrosion process takes time to be initiated and propagated. Since to carry out research work, some techniques are required to accelerate the corrosion process in the shortest period. To overcome this problem, in the past, many researchers use a different method to accelerate the corrosion of steel in concrete. In this paper, a review is presented of various techniques used for accelerated corrosion testing. The suitability of reviewed methods on corrosion acceleration for several research works is presented. After that few case studies review to make use of various predicted empirical models and an experimental technique for predicting corrosion rate and the assessment of the remaining life of the structure. And finally, the paper is concluded by comparing the natural method of corrosion and the accelerated method of corrosion and the future scope of accelerated corrosion.     

Evaluating Properties of Green Concrete Produced Using Waste Marble Powder,Quarry Dust,and Paper Pulp

Industrial waste locks are used as raw materials to reduce harmful effects on the environment and improve environmental performance. Marble clay powder can be used as a filling aid and can fill voids in concrete structures. This article will show you how to use a maximum natural sand alternative in concrete with marble powder and quarry dust. The challenge of the 21st century is to change to a new form that can support the natural system. This necessitates a radical rethinking of how to give the community infrastructure and housing. Making a concerted effort to develop novel, innovative, and alternative construction materials may be necessary. Jungles of concrete around cause's impact on the Environment and it would result in climate change. Mankind must avoid the use of things that are detrimental to the environment. So in this paper, it is decided to address the issue by adopting the use of the green concrete concept which is environmentally friendly. Green concrete is concrete made up using industrial wastes such as marble powder, quarry dust, wood ash, paper pulp, etc. Green concrete, which is capable of sustainable development, helps to reduce the consumption of natural resources, energy use, and environmental pollution. Green concrete is more cost-effective than ordinary concrete and reduces the cost of resultant concrete by 14%–20%. It is also observed that the alkali-aggregate reaction and sulfate attack resistance of concrete are both significantly improved. Green concrete is a useful tool for lowering environmental pollution and enhancing concrete's resistance to harsh conditions. All stages of infrastructure construction and rehabilitation will follow this trend of using new cement and techniques. Green concrete's adaptability and its performance derivatives will meet a variety of future needs.     

ChemInform Abstract: Equilibrium Geometry,Stability, and Magnetic Properties of Small MnO Clusters

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.     

Probing Dual Asymmetric Transverse Spin Angular Momentum in Tightly Focused Vector Beams in Optical Tweezers

The spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light generated by tight focusing in optical tweezers is regularly employed in generating angular momentum - both spin and orbital - the effects being extensively observed in trapped mesoscopic particles. Specifically, the transverse spin angular momentum (TSAM), which arises due to the longitudinal component of the electromagnetic field generated by tight focusing is of special interest, both in terms of fundamental studies and associated applications. This study provides an effective and optimal strategy for generating TSAM in optical tweezers by tightly focusing first-order radially and azimuthally polarized vector beams with no intrinsic angular momentum (AM) into a refractive index stratified medium. The choice of such input fields ensures that the longitudinal spin angular momentum (LSAM) arising from the electric (magnetic) field for the radial (azimuthal) polarization is zero. As a result, the effects of the electric and magnetic TSAM are exclusively observed separately in the case of input first-order radially and azimuthally polarized vector beams on single optically trapped birefringent particles. This research opens up new and simple avenues for exotic and complex particle manipulation in optical tweezers.