The Optical Characteristics of the Acousto-optic Tunable Filter with the Equivalent Point

In this paper, the interaction curves of acoustic and optical waves in a non-collinear AOTF (acousto-optic tunable filter) cell under the parallel-tangent momentum matching condition are analyzed systematically. A new theory of equivalent point for AOTF design is put forward. The wavelength characteristics and the wavelength resolution of two diffraction beams with equivalent point design in AOTF are emphatically analyzed. The optical characteristics at δ=0 (ideal case) and δ≠0 (real case) are also discussed. The advantages of the AOTF with equivalent point design include high wavelength resolution,more quantitative energy and larger incident angle aperture.     

Neglschisandrins A-B: two new dibenzocyclooctene lignans from Schisandra neglecta

Two new dibenzocyclooctene lignans, neglschisandrins A-B (1-2), were isolated from the stems of Schisandra neglecta. Their structures and stereochemistries were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS techniques.     

带两个形状参数的同次Bézier曲线

构造了一种带两个形状参数的Bézier型曲线,并研究了该曲线的性质、形状参数对曲线的影响及曲线的拼接.所提出的曲线是多项式Bezier曲线的一种同次新扩展,不仅具有传统Bézier曲线的诸多性质,而且可通过修改两个形状参数的取值对其形状进行调节.由于所提出的曲线是一种带有形状参数且与传统Bézier曲线具有相似性质的同次多项式模型,因此比现有的一些带形状参数的Bézier型曲线更有优势.     

Poly(2-Oxazoline)-Based Functional Peptide Mimics: Eradicating MRSA Infections and Persisters while Alleviating Antimicrobial Resistance

Peptides have important biological functions. However, their susceptibility to proteolysis limits their applications. We demonstrated here for the first time, that poly(2-oxazoline) (POX) can work as a functional mimic of peptides. POX-based glycine pseudopeptides, a host defense peptide mimic, had potent activities against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, which causes formidable infections. The POX mimic showed potent activity against persisters that are highly resistant to antibiotics. S. aureus did not develop resistance to POX owning to the reactive oxygen species related antimicrobial mechanism. POX-treated S. aureus is sensitive to common antibiotics, demonstrating no observable antimicrobial pressure or cross-resistance in using antimicrobial POX. This study highlights POX as a new type of functional mimic of peptides and opens new avenues in designing and exploring peptide mimetics for biological functions and applications.     

Anaerobic conditions to reduce oxidation of proteins and to accelerate the copper-catalyzed "Click" reaction with a water-soluble bis(triazole) ligand

Oxidation of protein (bovine albumin serum) by air still occurred under the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction conditions even in the presence of a Cu(I)-stabilizing tris(triazole) ligand. Anaerobic conditions not only avoided the oxidation of the protein, but also greatly accelerated the CuAAC reaction using a water-soluble bis(triazole) Cu(I) ligand.     

Fluorescent detection of silver(I) and cysteine using SYBR Green I and a silver(I)-specific oligonucleotide

We report on a novel method for the determination of silver ion (Ag⁺) and cysteine (Cys) by using the probe SYBR Green I (SGI) and an Ag+-specific cytosine-rich oligonucleotide (C-DNA). The fluorescence of SGI is very weak in the absence or presence of randomly coiled C-DNA. If, however, C-DNA interacts with Ag⁺ through the formation of cytosine-Ag⁺-cytosine (C-Ag⁺-C) base pairs, the randomly coiled C-DNA undergoes a structural changes to form a hairpin-like structure, thereby increasing the fluorescence of SGI. This fluorescence turn-on process allows the detection of Ag⁺ in the 10–600?nM concentration range, with a detection limit of 4.3?nM. Upon the reaction of Ag⁺ with Cys, Cys specifically removes Ag⁺ from the C-Ag⁺-C base pairs and destroys the hairpin-like structure. This, in turn, results in a decrease in fluorescence intensity. This fluorescence turn-off process enables the determination of Cys in the 8–550?nM concentration range, with a detection limit of 4.5?nM. The method reported here for the determination of either Ag⁺ or Cys is simple, sensitive, and affordable, and may be applied to other detection systems if appropriately selected DNA sequences are available.

丙烯气相环氧化催化剂及其机理研究

环氧丙烷是一种重要的化工中间体,广泛应用于化工、医药、食品、轻工等行业。环氧丙烷的传统工业生产方法--氯醇法和共氧化法存在着很多缺点,而最新开发的H₂O₂氧化法则存在催化剂寿命短、H₂O₂利用率低等问题没有根本解决。本文对环氧丙烷更为有前景的生产方法--以分子氧为氧源的气相选择性氧化丙烯的研究进展进行了总结,着重介绍了丙烯气相环氧化反应中的金、银、铜、铋-钼、钒、熔融盐催化剂以及其他以氧气为氧源的金属催化剂的研究进展,同时对丙烯气相氧化过程中涉及到的金催化剂的Ti活性位机理,铜、银催化剂上的金属环氧化中间物机理,银及其他金属的自由基机理作了相应的介绍。     

柯楠因诱导寡聚腺嘌呤核苷酸双螺旋结构增强赛博绿I 荧光及柯楠因的高灵敏和高选择荧光检测

柯楠因是原小檗碱类生物碱类似物. 研究发现, 在近生理酸度下柯楠因与寡聚腺嘌呤核苷酸(poly A₁₆)形成双链结构, 明显增强DNA 嵌入染料赛博绿I (SG I)的荧光. 在优化条件下, 530 nm 处荧光增强与60～600 nmol/L 的柯楠因呈线性关系, 检测限(3σ)为30 nmol/L. 方法选择性好, 同倍含量的小檗碱类似物不产生干扰. 将所建立的方法用于柯楠因合成样的测定, 回收率在92.5%～105%之间, 相对标准偏差RSD 小于3.1% (n＝3).     

高中化学探究性实验设计一例——含磷洗衣粉对水藻生长的影响

结合高中新课程教科书,设计高中化学探究性实验——含磷洗衣粉对水藻生长的影响,通过实验原理、方法和具体实验过程得出结论,有效地促进了学生对化学知识的理解和掌握,培养学生实验设计和探究能力,达到知识、能力、情意目标。