Broadband spin‐controlled focusing via logarithmic‐spiral nanoslits of varying width

This work presents analytical, numerical and experimental demonstrations of light diffracted through a logarithmic spiral (LS) nanoslit, which forms a type of switchable and focus‐tunable structure. Owing to a strong dependence on the incident photon spin, the proposed LS‐nanoslit converges incoming light of opposite handedness (to that of the LS‐nanoslit) into a confined subwavelength spot, while it shapes light with similar chirality into a donut‐like intensity profile. Benefitting from the varying width of the LS‐nanoslit, different incident wavelengths interfere constructively at different positions, i.e., the focal length shifts from 7.5 μm (at λ = 632.8 nm) to 10 μm (at λ = 488 nm), which opens up new opportunities for tuning and spatially separating broadband light at the micrometer scale.

     

Unveiling the correlation between non‐diffracting tractor beam and its singularity in Poynting vector

This paper investigates the singular optics of nonparaxial light beams in the near field when the light behaves as a tractor beam. New insights into the optical pulling force, which is usually represented by integrating the stress tensor at a black box enclosing the object, are interpreted by the optical singularity of the Poynting vector. The negative nonconservative pulling force originates from the transfer of the azimuthal Poynting vector to the longitudinal component partly owing to the presence of a scatterer. The separatrice pattern and singularity shifts of the Poynting vector unanimously exhibit a differentiable near‐field distribution in the presence of optical pulling force. A new method is established to calculate the near‐field optical force using the differential Poynting vector in the far field. The results obtained provide a clear physical interpretation of the light–matter interaction and manifest the significance of singular optics in manipulating objects.

     

Recent research advances of the biomimetic tumor microenvironment and regulatory factors on microfluidic devices: A systematic review

Tumor microenvironment is a multicomponent system consisting of tumor cells, noncancer cells, extracellular matrix, and signaling molecules, which hosts tumor cells with integrated biophysical and biochemical elements. Because of its critical involvement in tumor genesis, invasion, metastasis, and resistance, the tumor microenvironment is emerging as a hot topic of tumor biology and a prospective therapeutic target. Unfortunately, the complex of microenvironment modeling in vitro is technically challenging and does not effectively generalize the local tumor tissue milieu. Recently, significant advances in microfluidic technologies have provided us with an approach to imitate physiological systems that can be utilized to mimic the characterization of tumor responses with pathophysiological relevance in vitro. In this review, we highlight the recent progress and innovations in microfluidic technology that facilitates the tumor microenvironment study. We also discuss the progress and future perspective of microfluidic bionic approaches with high efficiency for the study of tumor microenvironment and the challenges encountered in cancer research, drug discovery, and personalized therapy.     

Secondary Metabolites of Clinacanthus nutans

Chemistry of Natural Compounds -     

A New Ketone Derivative from Victoria amazonica

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - A new ketone, vicamazone (4-(2-butoxyethoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-one) (1), was isolated from the leaves of Victoria amazonica (Nymphaeaceae). The structure of the new...     

Seco-Abietanoids from Cryptomeria japonica and Their Inhibitory Activity Toward Xanthine Oxidase

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - A new seco-abietanoid, 12-methoxy-7-oxo-6,7-secoabieta-8,11,13-trien-6-oic acid (1), and a known seco-abietanoid,12-hydroxy-6,7-secoabieta-8,11,13-triene-6,7-dial...     

A Novel Biphenyl Derivative from Cinnamomum insulari-montanum

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - A novel biphenyl derivative, insularione (3,3′,4,4′,6-pentahydroxy-3,4-dihydro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2,5-dione) (1), was isolated from the stems of...     

Simulation of nuclide migration in a middle- and low-level radioactive waste repository based on GMS

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - Groundwater is the most important factor contributing to the diffusion and migration of radionuclides in the repository. In this paper, the...     

石墨烯纤维材料的化学气相沉积生长方法

石墨烯纤维材料是以石墨烯为主要结构基元沿某一特定方向组装而成或由石墨烯包覆纤维状基元形成的宏观一维材料。根据组成基元的不同可将石墨烯纤维材料分为石墨烯纤维和石墨烯包覆复合纤维。石墨烯纤维材料在一维方向上充分发挥了石墨烯高强度、高导电、高导热等特点,在智能纤维与织物、柔性储能器件、便携式电子器件等领域具有广阔的应用前景。随着化学气相沉积(Chemical Vapor Deposition,CVD)制备石墨烯薄膜技术的发展,CVD技术也逐渐应用于石墨烯纤维材料的制备。利用CVD法制备石墨烯纤维可避免传统纺丝工艺中繁琐的氧化石墨烯(Graphene Oxide,GO)还原过程。同时,通过CVD法直接将石墨烯沉积至纤维表面可以保证石墨烯与纤维基底之间强的粘附作用,提高复合纤维的稳定性,同时可实现对石墨烯质量的有效调控。本文综述了石墨烯纤维材料的CVD制备方法,石墨烯纤维材料优异的力学、电学、光学性质及其在智能传感、光电器件、柔性电极等领域的应用,并展望了CVD法制备石墨烯纤维材料未来的发展方向。     

分散溶剂对PEMFC催化层中超薄Nafion离聚物质子传导的影响

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)商业化应用的瓶颈仍然是贵金属催化剂导致的成本问题。然而,目前对于催化层中纳米尺度全氟磺酸离聚物(以Nafion为代表)薄膜中质子传导的问题研究不足,无法完善三相界面的成型规律,进而指导催化层设计。在催化层浆料制备过程中,分散溶剂对Nafion的分散形态有直接影响,可能对催化层成型后附着在催化剂颗粒表面Nafion薄膜的微观结构有潜在影响,进而影响Nafion薄膜的质子传导能力。因此,在本文中利用分子自组装技术模拟催化层离聚物薄膜的聚集过程,于模型基底上制备厚度精确可控的纳米尺度Nafion薄膜,并通过微观测试表征技术探索并建立纳米尺度Nafion离聚物的微观结构模型,阐明分散溶剂对Nafion薄膜微观结构及质子传导的影响。研究发现Nafion薄膜在纳米尺度下的质子电导率比体相膜的质子电导率低一个数量级,使用介电常数较小的醇类溶剂可以使Nafion薄膜形成更有利于质子传导的微观结构,使Nafion薄膜的质子电导率得到提高。相关研究结果为优化PEMFC催化层结构,改善PEMFC催化层中质子传导问题提供给了依据。